自考《语言与文化》习题及答案.docx

自考《语言与文化》习题及答案.docx

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自考《语言与文化》习题及答案

2021年自考《语言与文化》习题及答案

　第一部分选择题

　　I.Eachofthefollowingincompletestatementsisfollowedbyfouralternatives.Readeachstatementandthefouralternativescarefullyanddecidewhichofthefouralternativesbestcompletesthestatement.（20%）

　　1.Initsbroadsensecultureis.（）

　　A.whateverdistinguishesonenationfromalltheothernations

　　B.theattributesofman

　　C.lifewayofapopulation

　　D.intellectualoracademicdevelopmentandartistcreationbecomesecondary

　　2.Languageis_________,whichmeansthatspeechistheprimarymediumoflanguage

　　A.arbitraryB.vocal

　　C.symbolicD.humanspecific

　　3.Word______________frequentlyappearstogetherwith"boy","man","vessel"or"airliner"（）

　　A.beautifulB.niceC.prettyD.handsome

　　4.Word"get"isderivedfrom____________.（）

　　A.OldNorseB.Latin

　　C.FrenchD.Germany

　　5._________isthenamegiventoayoungmanoryoungwomanwhorejectsauthority,existinginstitutionandconventionalattitudestowardsmorality,styleofdress,etc.（）

　　A.DukeB.Cowboy

　　C.HippieD.Knight

　　6.InEnglishculture,"White"connotes_____________________.（）

　　A.deathB.longevity

　　C.immaturityD.innocence

　　7.Themetaphoricalexpression"shecastherspelloverme"illustratedthat（）

　　A.loveismagicB.loveiswar

　　C.loveisaphysicalforceD.loveispatient

　　8."Evenreckoningmakeslongfriends."isaproverbthatrelatedto（）

　　A.thehistoryofEnglandB.theEnglishwritingsystem

　　C.individualismD.Englishliterature

　　9."Tocauseonetofeelfear,loathing,aversion,nervousanxiety"issynonymousto___________.（）

　　A."tomakeaface"B."tomakeone’sfleshcreep"

　　C."tomakeacatlaugh"D."tomakebrickswithoutstraw"

　　10."Aproudofflesh"isderivedfromShakespeare's______________.（）

　　A.RomeoandJulietB.AnthonyandCleopatra

　　C.TheMerchantofVeniceD.KingLear

　　11."TheoldAdam"isanallusionfrom______________________.（）

　　A.literatureB.religion

　　C.mythologyD.history

　　12."Tokickoff”isderivedfrom______________.（）

　　A.boxingB.Americanfootball

　　C.soccerD.baseball

　　13."Friday"isnamedafterFreya,_____________.（）

　　A.goddessofmusicB.goddessofwar

　　C.goddessofoceanD.goddessofheaven

　　14.A___________isanimpliedcomparisonbetweentwoormoreunlikethings.（）

　　A.similesB.metaphors

　　C.associationsD.tenor

　　15."Therearetoomanyfactshereformetodigestthemall."isametaphoricalexpressionaboutideas,whichare___________（）

　　A.FoodB.commodities

　　C.productsD.plants

　　16.Ablacklegisapersonwho_______________________.（）

　　A.acceptsworkinplaceofstrikers

　　B.isascoundrel

　　C.isamemberofasecretorganizationofItaliancriminalsandblackmailerswhichoperatedintheU.S.

　　D.isatraitor

　　17.TheEnglishequivalentfor"贱内"is__________.（）

　　A.myhusbandB.mywife

　　C.mysonD.mydaughter

　　18.One’soralspeechisalwaysinterpretedinrelationto__________thataccompanieshisspeech.（）

　　A.orallanguageB.writtenlanguage

　　C.bodylanguageD.verballanguage

　　19.ThefirstsuccessfulBritishcolonywasfoundedin______________,Virginia,in1607.（）

　　A.PlymouthB.Jamestown

　　C.NewHampshireD.NewYork

　　20.Somenonverbalmessagesareconsistentwithaccompanyingverbalmessage,whichisthe__________functionofnonverbalmessage.（）

　　A.complementingB.contradicting

　　C.RegulatingD.accenting

　　II.Eachofthefollowingincompletestatementsisfollowedbyfouralternatives.Readeachstatementandthefouralternativescarefullyanddecidewhichalternativecancompletethestatement.Theremightbemorethanonecorrectanswer（10%）

　　21.Therelationshipbetweenlanguage,cultureandthoughtisthat（）

　　A.theyarethreepartsofawhole

　　B.languageisdeterminedbyculturewhilecultureisdeterminedbythought

　　C.eachofthemcanoperateindependently

　　D.thethreeaspectsinteract,eachinfluencingandshapingtheothertwo

　　22.Theword（words）______________is（are）connectedwithhistory.（）

　　A.scalpB.lynch

　　C.reformationD.bible

　　23.ThemostcommonEnglishrepliestothankare_____________.（）

　　A.ItisnothingB.Itismyduty

　　C.NotatallD.Itismypleasure

　　24.WhenEnglishspeakingpeoplepart,theyusuallysay___________.（）

　　A.Good-byeB.It’smicetomeetyou

　　C.SeeyoutomorrowD.Solong

　　25.aretheproverbs,whicharerelatedtoGreco-Romancivilization.（）

　　A.MarryinMay,repentalways

　　B.BacchushathdrownedmoremethanNeptune

　　C.Homersometimesnods

　　D.Bettertoreigninhellthanserveinheaven

　　26."Apurplepassage"referstoanextremelyornateportionin______.（）

　　A.musicB.aliteracywork

　　C.paintingD.architecture

　　27.Theeuphemismsfortheexpression"backwardcountries"are________.（）

　　A.underdevelopedcountriesB.developedcountries

　　C.developingcountriesD.poorcountries

　　28.IneachofthefollowingstretchesofEnglish,thereisatextualconnectivewhichisunderlined.Words__________indicatetheadversativerelationbetweentheadjoiningsentences.（）

　　A.Youaren'tleaving,areyou?

BecauseI'vegotsomethingtosaytoyou

　　B.I’dlovetojoinin.OnlyIdon’tknowhowtoplay

　　C.Heshowednopleasureathearingthenews.Insteadhelookedevengloomier

　　D.Allthefigureswerecorrect;they’dbeenchecked.Yetthetotalcameoutwrong

　　29.Generallyspeaking,themainfunctionofEnglishnewspaperreportingis____.（）

　　A.tocheatthereaderB.toadvisethereader

　　C.toinformthereaderD.toamusethereader

　　30.Thebasicfacialmanagementtechniquesare________________.（）

　　A.intensifyingB.deintensifying

　　C.neutralizingD.masking

　　第二部分非选择题

　　III.Fillineachunderlinedspacewithaproperexpression.（12%）

　　31.Languageisthe____________ofculturalinformation.

　　32.__________isthecommunicativevalueanexpressionhasinadditiontothepurelyconceptualmeaning.

　　33."_________"interpretedas"freedomfromundesirableintrusions"andregardedasahumanright.

　　34._______________arethesmallestunitsofmeaning.

　　35.YouareastudentofEnglish.IfyouarecomplimentedonyourEnglish,youmaysay___________.

　　36.Ifthepersoncallingisastranger,thepersonwhoanswersthephonenormallyasks,________________.

　　37.TheEnglishproverbialequivalentfor"对牛弹琴"is_______________.

　　38."Everywisemanbreadthhisenemy"isderivedfrom______________byGeoffreyChaucer.

　　39.InEnglishblueisusuallyassociatedwith___________.

　　40._____________arefrequentlyusedinmassmediaaboutpolitical,socioeconomicaffairsandinternationalrelationstoavoidtheunpleasantnessofsometermsorexpressions.

　　41.____________referstoreasoningfromthegeneraltotheparticularorreasoninginwhichtheconclusionaboutparticularsfollowsnecessarilyfromthegeneraloruniversalpromises.

　　42.Meaningisconveyednotonlybywordsorverballanguagebutalsoby______.

　　IV.Answerthefollowingquestionsbriefly.（12%）

　　43.IsthereanycontrastbetweentheWesternpeopleandtheChinesepeopleasfarasthoughtisconcerned?

　　44.Whatconceptualdifferenceistherebetween"药店"and"drugstore"?

　　45.Whatisthedifferencebetween"tomakeaface"anditsequivalent"做个鬼脸"inChinese?

　　46.HowwouldyouexplainthestatementthattheChinesenarrativeanddescriptivewritingisoftenmoreornateorflowerythanEnglishone?

　　47.Whatarethefivecategoriesofgesture?

　　48.Whyistimesoimportanttoourlives?

　　V.Translation.{16%}

　　A.TranslatethefollowingintoChinese.（8%）

　　49.Anyportinastorm.

　　50.OnefailsintoScyllainseekingtoavoidCharybdis.

　　51.Manproposes,Goddisposes.

　　52.Themoneyafteryourownfather.

　　B.TranslatethefollowingintoEnglish.（8%）

　　53.衙门自古朝南开，有理无钱莫进来。

　　54.三思而后行。

　　55.节俭犹如点金石。

　　56.上帝要毁灭谁，必先夺其理性。

　　VI.Definethefollowingterms.（10%）

　　57.word

　　58.allusion

　　59.textstructures

　　60.advertising

　　61.emblems

　　VII.Discussthefollowingtopics:

（20%）

　　62.DiscussinrelationtoculturethedifferencesbetweentriplesofsynonymsinEnglish.（e.g.ask,question,interrogate.）

　　63.DiscussthereasonofdifferencesinspellinginAmericanandBritishEnglish.

　参考答案

　　1.1.B2.B3.D4.A5.C6.D7.A8.C9.B10.C11.B12.C13.A14.B15.A16.A17.B18.C19.B20.A

　　II.21.AD22.AB23.CD24.ACD25.AC26.ABCD27.ACD28.BCD29.CD30.ABCD

　　III.31.carrierandcontainer32.Connotativemeaning33.Privacy34.Morphemes35."Thankyouforencouragingme"36."Whoiscalling,please?

"37."Nevercastyourpearlsbeforeswine"38.TheCanterburyTales39.unhappyfeelings40.Euphemisms41.Deduction42.nonverbalcommunicationsystems

　　IV.43.Thewesternpeople,whomayhavereceivedstricttraininginformallogic,aregoodatabstractorlogicthinking.TheChinesepeopleareaccustomedtoartisticthinking.

　　44.Thedifferenceisthatonecanbuymostkindsofmedicineandsomekindsofmedicalapparatusina"药店",butwithoutadoctor'sprescriptiononecanbuyonlyafewkindsofmedicineandonecanalsobuytoiletries,foodandvariousothersmallarticlesinadrugstore.

　　45.ThedifferenceisthattheChinesepeoplefeelitnecessarytousethemodifier"鬼"toshowthatthe"face'isunusual,whereastheEnglishspeakingpeopledonot.46.ComparewithEnglishwriting.ChinesenarrativeanddescriptivewritingismoreornateorfloweryinaChinesetext.Onecanfindnotonly

　　adjectivesbutalsosimilesandmetaphors.However,therearefewsimilesandmetaphorsinanEnglishone.Inaddition,frequentuseofhyperbolasisallowedinChinesedescriptivewriting.

　　47.Ges