版高考英语大一轮复习备考人教全国版讲义Book 2.docx
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版高考英语大一轮复习备考人教全国版讲义Book2
Ⅰ.核心必记单词
1.survivevi.幸免;幸存;生还→survivaln.幸存;生还→survivorn.幸存者;生还者
2.selectvt.挑选;选择→selectionn.挑选;选择
3.designn.设计;图案;构思;vt.设计;计划;构思→designern.设计师
4.decoratev.装饰;装修→decorationn.装饰;装修
5.belongvi.属于;为……的一员→belongingsn.所有物;财产
6.removevt.移动;搬开
7.doubtn.怀疑;疑惑;vt.怀疑;不信
8.worthprep.值得的;相当于……的价值;n.价值;作用;adj.[古]值钱的→worthyadj.值得的→worthwhileadj.值得做的
Ⅱ.阅读识记单词
9.rareadj.稀罕的;稀有的;珍贵的
10.valuableadj.贵重的;有价值的→valuen.&v.价值;重视
11.amazevt.使吃惊;惊讶→amazingadj.令人吃惊的→amazedadj.吃惊的;惊愕的→amazementn.惊讶
12.fancyadj.奇特的;异样的;vt.想象;设想;爱好
13.woodenadj.木制的→woodn.木头
14.formeradj.以前的;从前的
15.localadj.本地的;当地的
16.paintingn.绘画;画
17.evidencen.根据;证据→evidentadj.明显的;显然的
18.explodevi.爆炸→explosionn.爆炸
19.entrancen.入口
20.debaten.&vi.争论;辩论
语境活用
[用所给词的正确形式填空]
1.Fromthesmellitwasevident(evidence)thatthedrainshadbeenblockedforseveraldays.
2.Manyoftheimageswerestoredinanicechest,underfreezingwater,inthedamagedwooden(wood)ship.(2016·全国Ⅱ)
3.Hewasamazed(amaze)atwhatBenjaminhaddonewithhisgift.(2017·浙江)
4.Manyairlinesnowallowpassengerstoprinttheirboardingpassesonlinetosavetheirvaluable(value)time.(2017·北京)
5.Thetouristslostalltheirbelongings(belong)inthehotelfire.
6.Mostschoolswouldhaveagoodselection(select)ofthesebooksintheirlibraries.
7.Withitssimpledecoration(decorate),themainbedroomisapeacefulhaven.
8.ThedoctorstoldmywifeIhadafiftyfiftychanceofsurvival(survive).
1.insearchof寻找
2.belongto属于
3.inreturn作为报答;回报
4.atwar处于交战状态
5.lessthan少于
6.beworthdoing...值得做……
7.takeapart拆开
8.agreewith同意,和……意见一致
9.ratherthan而不是
10.thinkhighlyof看重;器重
语境活用
[用上述黑体短语的正确形式填空]
1.Heishardtogetalongwithifyoudon’tagreewithhim.
2.Johnmentionedthenamesofafewjudgeswhohedidnotthinkhighlyof.
3.Whateveritis,makesureit’sarelieffromdailystressratherthananotherthingtoworryabout.
(2016·全国Ⅱ)
4.Heisalwayshelpingpeoplewithoutexpectinganythinginreturn.
5.Asisknowntousall,Chinaisacountrybelongingtothethirdworld.
6.IwalkedintoabookstoreinShanghaiinsearchofsomebooksthatIwanted.
1.“怀疑”荟萃
(1)doubtv.怀疑
(2)suspectv.怀疑;猜疑
(3)distrustv.不信任;怀疑
2.以al结尾的名词集锦
(1)survive→survival幸存
(2)arrive→arrival到达
(3)refuse→refusal拒绝
(4)remove→removal除去;搬迁
(5)withdraw→withdrawal撤退
3.各种“争论”
(1)debaten.&v.争论;辩论
(2)discussv.讨论
(3)arguev.争论
(4)quarreln.&v.争吵
(5)disputen.&v.争论;争端
4.“名词+en”构成的形容词小结
(1)wood→wooden木制的
(2)gold→golden金色的
(3)wool→wool(l)en羊毛制的
(4)fall→fallen落下的
5.“at+名词”表示处于某种状态
(1)atwar处于交战状态
(2)atpeace处于和平状态
(3)atwork在工作
(4)atrest在休息
(5)atrisk在危险中
6.“代替;而不是”短语小结
(1)ratherthan而不是
(2)insteadof代替;而不是
(3)inplaceof代替;取代
(4)taketheplaceof代替;取代
1.can/couldhavedone表示对过去发生的事情的推测
FrederickWilliamⅠ,theKingofPrussia,couldneverhaveimaginedthathisgreatestgifttotheRussianpeoplewouldhavesuchanamazinghistory.
普鲁士国王腓特烈威廉一世怎么也不会想到他送给俄罗斯人民的厚礼会有这样一段令人惊讶的历史。
2.Thereisnodoubtthat...毫无疑问……
ThereisnodoubtthattheboxeswerethenputonatrainforKönigsberg...
毫无疑问,这些箱子后来被装上火车运往哥尼斯堡……
3.疑问词+不定式
Inatrial,ajudgemustdecidewhicheyewitnessestobelieveandwhichnottobelieve.
在审讯中,法官必须判断哪些证人可信哪些证人不可信。
句式仿写
1.乔治不可能走远。
他的咖啡还是热的。
(2016·浙江)
Georgecan’thavegonetoofar.Hiscoffeeisstillwarm.
2.这并不意味着我们变得更聪明或更不聪明了,但毫无疑问我们利用记忆的方式正在改变。
(2015·安徽)
Thisdoesn’tmeanwearebecomingeithermoreorlessintelligent,butthereisnodoubtthatthewayweusememoryischanging.
3.一旦真的发生火灾,许多人就不知所措,不知道该干什么好了。
Manypeopleareatalossastowhattodoincaseofarealfire.
survivevi.幸免;幸存;活下来;生还;比……活得长
拓展词:
survivorn.幸存者 survivaln.幸存;生还
surviveon靠……存活下来
AsurvivesBby+时间A比B活得长……
survivesth.幸免于;从……中活过来
(1)Forasuddenheartfailure,thesinglebestchanceforsurvival(survive)ishavingsomeonenearbystepinanddoCPRquickly.
若突然发生心脏衰竭,唯一的最佳生存机会是附近有人介入并迅速做心肺复苏术。
(2017·北京)
(2)Theoldwomansurvivedherowndaughterbytenyears.
老妇人在她女儿死后又活了十年。
[注意下面句子的正确翻译]
(3)Theoldladyhassurvivedallherchildren.
这位老太太的子女都先她而去世了。
[易错点拨]
survive本身已表示“幸存;幸免于”,因而不要在其宾语前加多余的in或from。
designn.设计;图案;构思;打算;意图
v.设计;构思;计划;制订
拓展词:
designern.设计师;构思者
(1)bydesign=onpurpose故意地
(2)bedesignedas/for/todo(为某种特定目的)而计划;设计
(1)Doyouthinkthebuildingwasburntdownbyaccidentorbydesign?
你认为大楼被烧毁是意外事故,还是有意为之?
(2)Thiscourseisdesignedasanintroductiontothesubject.
这门课程是作为该科目的入门课而开设的。
(3)Theroutewasdesignedtorelievetheheavytraffic.
这条路线是为了缓解繁忙的交通而设计的。
[句式升级]
(4)Thisbuildingisdesignedforweddingsandothercelebrationsandit’sbeautiful.(用过去分词短语作定语改写)
Thisbuildingdesignedforweddingsandothercelebrationsisbeautiful.
worthadj.值……的;具有……价值的;[古]值钱的
(1)worth常用的结构:
beworth+n.值得……;值……的
beworthdoingsth.值得做某事
(2)worthy常用的结构:
beworthy+
(3)worthwhile常用的结构:
It’sworthwhile+
做某事是值得的。
[一句多译] 这家工厂值得参观。
(1)Thefactoryisworthvisiting/avisit.(worth)
(2)Thefactoryisworthyofavisit.(worthyof+n.)
(3)Thefactoryisworthyofbeingvisited.(worthyofbeingdone)
(4)Thefactoryisworthytobevisited.(worthytobedone)
(5)It’sworthwhiletovisit/visitingthefactory.(worthwhile)
拓展词:
evidentadj.明显的;显然的
[单句语法填空]
(1)Itwasevidentthatalltheevidencewecollectedprovedhimtobeguilty.
(2)Jimsaidtherewasnoclearevidencethattheymeanttocheatinvestors.
(1)inone’ssearchfor寻找
makeasearchfor寻找
(2)searchsth./sb.(for...)搜查某物/搜身(寻找……)
searchfor寻找
(1)Thepolicesearchedherfordrugs.
警察搜查她,看她身上是否有毒品。
[同义句改写]
(2)Weareinsearchofanexperiencedandreliableproducerofjewellery.
①Wearemakingasearchforanexperiencedandreliableproducerofjewellery.
②Wearesearchingforanexperiencedandreliableproducerofjewellery.
[易错点拨]
insearchof寻找,搜寻,在句中常作表语或目的状语。
名词search前不加限定词;若search前加a/the/one’s等限定词时,of一般换成for。
belongto属于;应在(某处);是……的成员;是……的组成部分
拓展词:
belongingn.归属 belongingsn.所有物;财产
[单句语法填空]
(1)Lockersareavailabletostoreanybelongings(belong)duringyourvisit.(2017·全国Ⅰ)
(2)Thisisahousebelonging(belong)tomygrandfather.
(3)Hewalksinandoutasifthehousebelongedtohim(he).
(4)Inmyopinion,you’dbetterputthebookwhereitbelongs.
[易错点拨]
belongto无被动语态,无进行时,后接名词的普通格或代词宾格,其现在分词形式可作后置定语。
[完成句子]
(1)Weofferanexcellenteducationtoourstudents.Inreturn,weexpectstudentstoworkhard.
我们向学生提供优质的教育,同时也希望学生努力学习。
(2017·天津)
(2)Igavehimmyfavoritebookinreturnforhistimelyhelp.
我把最喜爱的书给了他以回报他的及时帮助。
(1)thinkmuch/wellof重视;看重;对……高度评价
thinklittleof认为……没什么了不起;对……满不在乎;轻视
(2)speakhighlyof高度评价
speakillof说坏话
(1)Igavehimsomeadvice,buthethoughtlittleofit.
我给他提了几条建议,但他根本不理会。
(2)Hedidagooddeedandwethought/spokehighlyofhim.
他做了一件好事,我们高度赞扬了他。
ThereisnodoubtthattheboxeswerethenputonatrainforKönigsberg...
毫无疑问,这些箱子后来被装上火车运往哥尼斯堡……
(1)Thereisnodoubtthat.../about+名词毫无疑问……
Thereissomedoubtwhether.../about+名词是否……有疑问。
(2)doubtv.&n.怀疑;疑问,其用法如下:
①在肯定句中,doubt后面一般接whether或if引导的宾语从句或whether引导的同位语从句。
②在否定句和疑问句中,doubt后面接that引导的宾语从句或同位语从句。
(1)Thereissomedoubtwhetherourexperimentwillsucceed./Thereissomedoubtaboutthesuccessofourexperiment.
我们的实验是否成功还有疑问。
(2)Idon’tdoubtthat/Ihavenodoubtthathecanfinishthetaskontime.
我不怀疑他会准时完成任务。
(3)毫无疑问,我会通过我的努力提高其声誉。
(2017·天津)
ThereisnodoubtthatIwillenhanceitsreputationthroughmyefforts.
Inatrial,ajudgemustdecidewhicheyewitnessestobelieveandwhichnottobelieve.
在审讯中,法官必须判断哪些证人可信哪些证人不可信。
“疑问词+不定式”结构可在句中作主语、宾语、表语、宾语补足语等句子成分。
(1)在“疑问词+不定式”结构中,不定式必须用主动式而不能用被动式。
(2)why或whynot后加不定式时,不定式省略符号to。
(3)whether后可接不定式,而if不可。
[用“疑问词+不定式”改写句子]
(1)Hedoesn’tknowwhathewilltalkabout.
→Hedoesn’tknowwhattotalkabout.
(2)IreallyhavenoideawhetherIwillacceptherinvitationornot.
→Ireallyhavenoideawhethertoacceptherinvitationornot.
(3)Bytheway,whydon’tyoudropinforadrinkthisevening?
→Bytheway,whynotdropinforadrinkthisevening?
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1.Iftheyoftencheatinexams,theywillformabadhabit,whichwillhaveabadeffectontheirlife.
2.Althoughskillsandtalentsbringgreatsuccess,themostvaluable(value)asset(财富)onecanholdistheheart.(2016·天津)
3.Weinviteyoutojoinusonanamazing(amaze)journeyoflanguagelearning.
4.Thereissomedoubtwhetherhewillbeelected.
5.Whereunemploymentandcrimearehigh,itcanbeassumedthatthelatterisduetotheformer.
6.Seeingsuchacrowdofaudiencebelowthestage,hewastoonervoustoknowwhattosay(say).
7.Theprojectdesigned(design)tohelpthestudentsinneedjustdidn’tworkoutasplanned.
8.Hewantedtodosomethinginreturnforthekindnessthatsheofferedhim.
9.SinceyouareinterestedintraditionalChineseculture,Ithinkthisfestivaliswellworthexperiencing(experience).
10.Alltheactsweregood,buttheeveningbelonged(belong)toadancegroupMoscow.
Ⅱ.单句改错(每小题仅有1处错误)
1.Hesurvivedfromthecrashbutdiedinthedesert.
2.Thiskindofbookisworthyto
read.
3.Thetruckspilledoiloverthestreet,whichtooktwohours
cleanup.
4.AsfarasIknow,theoldwomansurvivedherhusband
tenyears.
5.Thepolicehaveevidence
thekillerwasanoldwoman.
6.
isworthwhiletoconsiderthispointmoreclosely.
Ⅲ.教材与语法填空
TheAmberRoom,oneofthegreat1.wonders(wonder)oftheworld,wasagreatworkthattooktenyearstomake.In1716,theAmberRoom2.wasgiven(give)totheRussianpeopleasagiftoffriendshipbyFrederickWilliamⅠ,wholovedbestsoldiersmorethantheAmberRoom3.itself(it).InRussia,theroomfirstserved4.asasmallreceptionhallfor5.important(importance)visitorsandwaslatermovedandredesignedbyCatheri