Lesson01.docx

Lesson01.docx

《Lesson01.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《Lesson01.docx（39页珍藏版）》请在冰豆网上搜索。

Lesson01

1.TheMiddleEasternBazaar

MiddleEast

TheMiddleEastisaregionthatspanssouthwesternAsiaandnortheasternAfrica.Ithasnoclearboundaries,oftenusedasasynonymtoNearEast,inoppositiontoFarEast.Theterm"MiddleEast"waspopularizedaround1900intheUnitedKingdom.ThecorrespondingadjectivetoMiddleEastisMiddle-EasternandthederivednounisMiddle-Easterner.

ThehistoryoftheMiddleEastdatesbacktoancienttimes,andthroughoutitshistorytheMiddleEasthasbeenamajorcentreofworldaffairs.TheMiddleEastisalsothehistoricaloriginofthreeoftheworld’smajormonotheisticreligions—Judaism,Christianity,andIslam.TheMiddleEastgenerallyhasanaridandhotclimate,withseveralmajorriversprovidingforirrigationtosupportagricultureinlimitedareas.ManycountrieslocatedaroundthePersianGulfhavelargequantitiesofcrudeoil.

WORDSANDEXPRESSIONS

bazaar[]noun

1.InareassuchastheMiddleEastandIndia,abazaarisaplacewheretherearemanysmallshopsandstalls.

KamalwasavendorinEgypt'sopen-airbazaar.

2.Abazaarisasaletoraisemoneyforcharity.

...achurchbazaar.（=fete）

SYN:

noun

1fair,bring-and-buy,fete,saleofwork

2market,exchange,marketplace

Gothicadjective

1.GothicarchitectureandreligiousartwasproducedintheMiddleAges.Itsfeaturesincludetallpillars,highcurvedceilings,andpointedarches.

...avast,loftyGothiccathedral....Gothicstainedglasswindows...

TheimagesweregothicorByzantineratherthanclassical.

2.InGothicstories,strange,mysteriousadventureshappenindarkandlonelyplacessuchasgraveyardsandoldcastles.

Thisnovelisnotsciencefiction,norisitGothichorror.

3.Gothicisusedtodescribeastyleofprintingorwritinginwhichthelettersareverydecorative.GermanbooksandsignswereoftenwritteninGothicscript.

glare[]

1.verb:

Ifyouglareatsomeone,youlookatthemwithanangryexpressiononyourface.

Theoldwomanglaredathim.Jacobglaredandmutteredsomething.

2.noun:

Aglareisanangry,hard,andunfriendlylook.

Hisglassesmagnifiedhisirritableglare.

3.verb:

Ifthesunoralightglares,itshineswithaverybrightlightwhichisdifficulttolookat.

Thesunlightglared....glaringsearchlightbeams.

4.noun:

Glareisverybrightlightthatisdifficulttolookat.

...theglareofacar'sheadlights...

Special-purposeglassesreduceglare.

5.phrase:

Ifsomeoneisintheglareofpublicityorpublicattention,theyareconstantlybeingwatchedandtalkedaboutbyalotofpeople.

Normaissaidtodisliketheglareofpublicity.

SheattackedpoliceinthefullglareofTVcameras.

SYN:

verb

1scowl,frown,glower,lookdaggers,lourorlower

2dazzle,blaze,flame,flare

noun

3scowl,blacklook,dirtylook,frown,glower,lourorlower

4dazzle,blaze,brilliance,flame,glow

cavernnoun:

1.Acavernisalargedeepcave.

2.Ifyoudescribetheinsideofabuildingoraroomasacavern,youmeanthatitisverylargeand,usually,darkorwithoutmuchfurniture.

Thekitchennowisadarkcavern,withanantiquatedblackstoveinacorner.

3.Anylargedarkenclosedspace

4.Inourtextthewordcaverndoesnotreallymeanacaveoranundergroundchamber.Fromthetextwecanseeitisalong,narrow,darkstreetofworkshopswithsomesortofaroofoverthem.

SYN:

noun:

cave,hollow,pothole

thread

1.noun:

Threadorathreadisalongverythinpieceofamaterialsuchascotton,nylon,orsilk,especiallyonethatisusedinsewing.

ThistimeI'lldoitproperlywithaneedleandthread.

...atinyNepalesehatembroideredwithgoldenthreads.

2.noun:

Thethreadofanargument,astory,orasituationisanaspectofitthatconnectsallthedifferentpartstogether.

Thethreadrunningthroughmanyoftheseproposalswasthethemeofindividualpowerandopportunity.

Allreligionsareunitedbythecommonthreadsoffightingevilandhelpingothers.

ThepossibleconsequencessofilledhismindthathelostthethreadofWanDa'snarrative.

3.noun:

Athreadofsomethingsuchasliquid,light,orcolourisalongthinlineorpieceofit.

Athin,glisteningthreadofmoistureranalongtheroughconcretesill.

...Venetianglassdecoratedwithembeddedthreadsofwhite.

...acorpulentmanwiththreadsofblackhairplasteredacrosshisbrow.[usuwithof]

4.noun:

（plural）Youcanrefertoclothesasthreads.（mainlyAM,INFORMAL）

...acheapplacetopickupnattythreads.

5.noun:

Thethreadonascrew,oronsomethingsuchasalidorapipe,istheraisedspirallineofmetalorplasticarounditwhichallowsittobefixedinplacebytwisting.

Thescrewthreadswillbeabletogetagoodgrip.

6.verb:

Ifyouthreadyourwaythroughagroupofpeopleorthings,orthreadthroughit,youmovethroughitcarefullyorslowly,changingdirectionfrequentlyasyoumove.

Slowlyshethreadedherwaybackthroughthemovingmassofbodies.

...threadingourwaypastlittleboats...

Wethreadedthroughanetworkofbackstreets.

7.verb:

Ifyouthreadalongthinobjectthroughsomething,youpassitthroughoneormoreholesornarrowspaces.

...threadingthelacesthroughtheeyeletsofhisshoes...

Airductsandelectricalcableswerethreadedthroughthecomplexstructure.

Instrumentsdevelopedatthehospitalallowdoctorstothreadmicroscopictelescopesintothedigestivetract.

8.verb:

Ifyouthreadsmallobjectssuchasbeadsontoastringorthread,youjointhemtogetherbypushingthestringthroughthem.

Wipethemushroomscleanandthreadthemonastring.

9.verb:

Whenyouthreadaneedle,youputapieceofthreadthroughtheholeinthetopoftheneedleinordertosewwithit.

Isitdown,threadaneedle,snipoffanoldbutton.

10.phrase:

Ifyousaythatsomethingishangingbyathread,youmeanthatitisinaveryuncertainstateandisunlikelytosurviveorsucceed.

Thefragilepeacewashangingbyathreadasthousandsofhardlinerstooktothestreets.

11.phrase:

Ifyoupickupthethreadsofanactivity,youstartitagainafteraninterruption.Ifyoupickupthethreadsofyourlife,youbecomemoreactiveagainafteraperiodoffailureorbadluck.

Manywomenhavebeenabletopickupthethreadsoftheirformercareer.

SYN:

noun

1strand,fibre,filament,line,string,yarn

2theme,direction,drift,plot,storyline,trainofthought

verb

3pass,ease,pick（one'sway）,squeezethrough

throng

1.Athrongisalargecrowdofpeople.（LITERARY）

Anofficialpushedthroughthethrong.（=crowd）

2.Whenpeoplethrongsomewhere,theygothereingreatnumbers.（LITERARY）

Thecrowdsthrongedintothemall.

...themultitudesthatthrongaroundthePope.（=flock）

3.Ifpeoplethrongaplace,theyarepresentthereingreatnumbers.

TheythrongthebeachesbetweenlateJuneandearlyAugust.

Thestreetsarethrongedwithpeople.（=crowd）

SYN:

noun

1crowd,crush,horde,host,mass,mob,multitude,pack,swarm

verb

2crowd,congregate,converge,flock,millaround,pack,swarmaround

stall

1.Ifaprocessstalls,orifsomeoneorsomethingstallsit,theprocessstopsbutmaycontinueatalatertime.

TheSocialDemocraticPartyhasvowedtotrytostallthebilluntilthecurrentsessionends.

...butthepeaceprocessstalled...

NegotiationsremainedstalledyesterdayinNewYork.

2.Ifyoustall,youtrytoavoiddoingsomethinguntillater.

Somepartieshaveaccusedthegovernorofstalling.

Thomashadspentallweekstallingoverhisdecision.

3.Ifyoustallsomeone,youpreventthemfromdoingsomethinguntilalatertime.

ShopmanagerBrianSteelstalledthemanuntilthepolicearrived.

4.Ifavehiclestallsorifyouaccidentallystallit,theenginestopssuddenly.

Theenginestalled.Yourfootfallsoffthepedalandyoustallthecar.

5.Astallisalargetableonwhichyouputgoodsthatyouwanttosell,orinformationthatyouwanttogivepeople.

...marketstallssellinglocalfruits.（=stand）

6.Thestallsinatheatreorconcerthallaretheseatsonthegroundfloordirectlyinfrontofthestage.（mainlyBRIT;inAMuseorchestra）[the+plN]

7.Astallisasmallenclosedareainaroomwhichisusedforaparticularpurpose,forexampleashower.（AM;inBRITusecubicle）

SYN:

verb:

playfortime,hedge,temporize

conceivableadjective

Ifsomethingisconceivable,youcanimagineitorbelieveit.

Withouttheirsupporttheprojectwouldnothavebeenconceivable.

Itisjustconceivablethatasinglesurvivormightbefound.

Throughthecenturies,flowershavebeenusedforcookingineveryconceivableway.

[oftitv-linkADJthat]（≠inconceivable）

conceivably

Themissioncouldconceivablybeaccomplishedwithinaweek.

[usuADVbeforev]

SYN:

adjective:

imaginable,believable,credible,possible,thinkable

warenoun:

（plural）

Someone'swaresarethethingsthattheysell,usuallyinthestreetorinamarket.（OLD-FASHIONED）

Vendorsdisplayedtheirwaresinbasketsorontheground.

-warecombineswithnounstorefertoobjectsthataremadeofaparticularmaterialorthatareusedforaparticularpurposeinthehome.

Boxesofcheapglasswarestoodontablesclutteredwithdustymodernchina.

...copperandporcelaincookingware.

SYN:

pluralnoun:

merchandise,commodities,stock,stuff

Usage

Wordswiththesamepronunciation

TherearemanywordsinEnglishthatarepronouncedthesamebutspelleddifferently.Thefollowingpairsofwordsareoftenconfused:

bass-base,bear-bare,born-borne,break-brake,cereal-serial,chord-cord,complement-compliment,council-counsel,curb-kerb,currant-current,die-dye,draught-draft,