热点06 沙尘暴的成因及危害等解析版备战中考英语考前时事热点话题阅读+题型专练.docx

热点06 沙尘暴的成因及危害等解析版备战中考英语考前时事热点话题阅读+题型专练.docx

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热点06沙尘暴的成因及危害等解析版备战中考英语考前时事热点话题阅读+题型专练

备战2021年中考英语考前时事热点话题阅读+题型专练

热点06沙尘暴的成因及危害等

一、阅读理解

1

Studentscaneasilycreatesandstormsforthescienceproject.Placealittleflour（面粉）inaclearplasticboxwithaholeatoneend.Blowintotheholegentlytogettheflourtoflyoffthesurfaceofthebox.Theflourmaystayintheairforalongperiodoftime.Themoreflouryoublowintotheair,thelongertimeitwilltakeforalltheparticles（颗粒）tofalldown.Thesamehappensinduststormsorsandstorms.Anotherexperimentistotakeaglassofwaterandplaceafewdropsofmilkintothewater.Themilkwillseparateasitmakesitswaytothebottomoftheglass.Themilkwillstandforsandmovingthroughtheatmosphere.

Thedesertsoftheworldarealwaysproducingsandstorms.YoucankeeptrackofthesestormsandmakestormpredictionsusingtheNTOMSwhichtracksdustandsmokepatternsworldwide.Fortheproject,thestudentscanhelppredictthesandstormpatternsandhowthedustfromthestormwilltravel.Chooseaplace,suchastheSahara,andtrackthedustasitreachestheCaribbeanoreventheUnitedStates.

Dependingonthearea,astudentmaybeabletocollectdustfromanothercontinent（大陆）.UsetheNavalWebsitetotracksandstormsinyourarea.Placeapieceofglassoutsidetocollectdustandotherparticlesfromtheair.Oneshouldplacetheglassinareasofftheground,suchasonanoutdoortable,toprotectitfrombeingsteppedonandbroken.Watchtheparticlescarefullyunderamicroscope（显微镜）andstudythedifferencebetweensandparticlesanddustones.Sandparticleswillhavesharper,cleareredgesunderthemicroscope.

1.What'stheusage（用处）offlourintheexperiment?

A.Tocleanaplasticboxeasily.

B.Toshowhowthesandstormcomesintobeing（形成）.

C.Tofindouthowlongitstaysintheair.

D.Toblowitintotheboxthroughahole.

2.Theunderlinedword“it”inthefirstparagraphrefersto“____________”.

A.experimentB.water

C.milkD.glass

3.Fromthepassage,wecanknowthattheNTOMScan_____________.

A.producesandstorminthedeserts

B.watchthemovementsofdust

C.predictwhattheweatherislike

D.preventthesandstormhappening

4.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthispassage?

A.Makingatabletopsandstorm

B.Producingsandstormsinthedeserts

C.Sandstormsmakingforstudents

D.Sandstormprojectsforstudents

【答案】1.B2.C3.B4.D

【解析】本文介绍了学生可以做的有关沙尘暴的研究实验，通过相关的技术和系统，学生们可以帮助预测沙尘暴的模式以及来自沙尘暴的灰尘将如何传播。

1.推理判断题。

根据“Placealittleflour（面粉）inaclearplasticboxwithaholeatoneend.Blowintotheholegentlytogettheflourtoflyoffthesurfaceofthebox...Thesamehappensinduststormsorsandstorms”，可知，通过做面粉的这个实验，了解到沙尘暴是如何形成的，故选B。

2.词义猜测题。

根据“Themilkwillseparateasitmakesitswaytothebottomoftheglass”，可知，当牛奶进入玻璃杯底部时，它会分离，所以it指代“milk”，故选C。

3.推理判断题。

根据“YoucankeeptrackofthesestormsandmakestormpredictionsusingtheNTOMSwhichtracksdustandsmokepatternsworldwide”，可知，NTOMS可以追踪世界范围内的沙尘和烟雾模式，即注意沙尘的运动轨迹，故选B。

4.最佳标题。

通读全文可知，本文介绍了学生可以做的有关沙尘暴的研究实验，故选D。

2

Asandstormisakindofstrongwindthatblowsoverthedesert.Itraisessandanddustintotheairandmakesitdifficulttoseethesunanditreducesvisibilityofmosttozero.Itisalsoknownasaduststorm.Somestormsareusuallytheresultofconvectioncurrents（对流气流）causedbythestrongheatingoftheground.Thenwindisusuallystrongenoughtomoveasmallhillofsand.ItcanmaketravelverydifficultandcanevendestroyroadsinflatdryareassuchasthoseintheUnitedStates.

TheSimoomisthestronghotwindthatcomesacrosstheSaharaandArabiandesert.ThiswindisthereasonformuchofthedustintheairoverEurope.Evidence（证据）ofthedustfromSimoomwindhasalsobeenfoundatthebottomoftheseaatalongdistancefromtheshore.

Alasksiisthestrongestsandstorm.Itcandestroyallthethingsinhisway.Itisverydangerous.Ithaskilledmorethanonehundredpeopleinthearea.TheHaboobisasandstormthatoftenhappensintheareaofSudanaroundKhartoum.Sandstorms,theheightas5,000ft（1,525m）,alsohappened,althoughnotoftenintheUnitedStates.ItisstrongerthantheSimoom.OnethatappearednearTucson,Arizona,onJuly16,1971,waswidelyprovedbymeteorologists.（天文学家）。

5.Whichofthefollowingisnotanameofsandstorm?

A.SimoomB.HaboobC.Khartoum

6.Theunderlinedword"visibility"maymean_______inChinese.

A.模糊度B.能见度C.对流度

7.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?

A.Sandstormscarrylotsofsandanddust.

B.Sandstormsarealsoknownasrainstorms

C.Sandstormsareusuallytheresultofwind.

8._____showstherightpictureofthethreesandstormsinthecorrectway.

A.AB.BC.C

9.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?

A.Whensandstormshappen

B.Wheresandstormshappen

C.Whatsandstormsare

【答案】5.C6.B7.C8.B9.C

【解析】本文主要讲述了沙暴的一些情况，沙暴主要是指在沙漠上的一种强烈的风。

5.细节理解题。

根据TheHaboobisasandstorm…可知Haboob是一种沙暴，故选C。

6.词义猜测题。

由短文第二句Itraisessandanddustintotheairandmakesitdifficulttoseethesun…沙暴把沙和尘土吹到了空中，似的很难看见太阳。

可知在谈论可见度的问题。

故选B。

7.细节理解题。

根据文章第一段Thenwindisusuallystrongenoughtomoveasmallhillofsand.然后风就足够强大可以卷起一整座小山的风。

所以C正确。

故选C。

8.细节理解题。

根据文章最后一段Alasksiisthestrongestsandstorm.Alasksi是最强的沙暴；故B正确。

故选B。

9.细节理解题。

文章主要讲的是沙暴的形成和种类，故选择什么事沙暴更合适。

故选C

3

InnorthernChinaduringspring,bigsandstormoftenmaketroubleforpeople.Sandstormsusuallyhappeninspring.Theyhavehappenedinmorethan10provincesinnorthernChinathisyear.PeopleinsouthernChinadon'thavetoworryaboutthiskindofbadweather.MostofthesandcomesfromthenorthofChina.InnorthernChina,lotsofplaceshavefewtreesanddon'tgetmuchrain.Whentherearen'tmanytrees,thegroundcan'tkeepenoughwater.Overtheyears,thegrounddriesupandturnstosand.Whenspringcomesandtheicemelts,thegroundbecomesloose.Strongwindstaketheloosesandintothesky.Besides,innortheastChina,thereliessomevastdeserts.

Sandstormsarebadforpeople'shealth.Ifpeoplebreatheintoomuchsand,theywillcoughorhaveseriousillnesses.Sandstormsalsogivefarmerslotsofproblems.Sometimestheirsheepgetlostinthestormsandnevercomebackhome.Thewindsalsotearthefarmers'housesdown.

Whatcanyoudotostopsandstorms?

Here'sapieceofadvice.Askyourparentstohelpyouplantsometreesthisspring.Ifyouseepeoplecuttingdowntoomanytrees,tellthemaboutthedangersofsandstorms,andaskyourgovernmenttostopthem.

10.Whendosandstormsusuallyhappen?

A.Insummer.B.Inspring.C.Inwinter.D.Inautumn

11.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"loose"meaninthefirstparagraph?

A.肥沃的B.贫瘠的C.疏松的D.大量的

12.Thesecondparagraphtellsus______________.

A.whysandstormshappeninnorthernChina

B.thedangersofsandstorms

C.sandstormsaren’tterribleatall

D.howsandstormshappen

13.WhichofthefollowingisNOTawaytostopsandstorms?

A.Plantmoretreesinspring.

B.Stoppeopletocutdowntoomanytrees.

C.Don’tstayoutsidewhensandstormshappen.

D.Tellpeopleaboutthedangersofsandstorms.

14.Whichisthebesttitleforthispassage?

___________

A.Sandstorms

B.Howwecanstopsandstorms

C.WhysandstormsonlyhappeninnorthernChina

D.SandstormscaninfluencemostofChina

【答案】10.B11.C12.B13.C14.A

【解析】10.细节理解题。

根据“Sandstormsusuallyhappeninspring.”可知沙尘暴通常在春天发生，故选B。

11.词句猜测题。

根据“Whenspringcomesandtheicemelts,thegroundbecomesloose.Strongwindstaketheloosesandintothesky.”描述可知是土地变疏松了，故选C。

12.主旨大意题。

根据“Sandstormsarebadforpeople’shealth.Ifpeoplebreatheintoomuchsand,theywill…”及下文描述可知，本段描写的是沙尘暴对健康、农业和农民生活造成的危害，故选B。

13.推理判断题。

根据“Here'sapieceofadvice.”之后的内容，可知种树、停止砍伐和让人们知道沙尘暴的危害可以阻止沙尘暴的发生，而“呆在家”并不能从根本上杜绝沙尘暴，故选C。

14.最佳标题题。

这篇短文主要讲述的是中国北方的沙尘暴的形成、危害与防治，故选A。

4

SmithhadtodriveacrosstheSahara.Itwasajourneyacrosshundredsofmilesofanemptyanddryarea.Afterhehadbeendrivingforafewhours,therewasasandstormcame.Thenhiscarlefttheroadandbrokedown.

Smithbeganwalkingacrossthehotsandunderthesun.Hehopedhewouldsoonreachtheroadagain.

Soon,histongue（舌头）wasthickwiththirst.Heneededwater,buteverywherehelookedtherewasnothingexceptsand.

Smithkeptwalking.Then,aboutanhourlater,amanridingacamelcameintosight.Smithwavedtohim.Themanonthecamelrodeuptohimandstopped.

“Please,”Smithsaid,“Iamdyingofthirst.Letmehavesomeofyourwater.”

Themanslowlyshookhishead.“Youcan’thaveanywater,”hesaid,“butI’llsellyouabeautifultie.”

“Idon’twantatie.”Smithshoutedathimfuriously.“Ineedwater.”

Butthemanturnedawayquicklyandrodeoff.

Smithcontinuedwalking.Twohourslater,hemetanothermanridingacamel.Thistimeheaskedifhecouldbuysomewater,butthemanrefused,saying,“No,butI’llsellyouatie.”

Angrily,Smithturnedawayfromhimandcontinuedwalking.

Threehourslater,bywhichtimehewasneardeath,Smithsawalargehotelinthedistance.Itstoodaloneinthemiddleofthedesert,surroundedbypalmtrees.Smithmanagedtoreachthemainentrance.Hewasabouttoenterthehotelwhenthedoormanstoppedhim.

“Hey!

”hesaid.“Thisisafirst-classhotel.Youcan’tcomeinherewithoutatie.”

15.Picture_____showstherightplacewherethestoryhappened.

A.

B.

C.

D.

16.ThemanonthecamelofferedSmith_______.

A.somewatertodrinkB.arideonhiscamel

C.thenameofahotelD.abeautifultie

17.Theunderlinedword“furiously”inthepassageprobablymeans“_________”.

A.angrilyB.worriedlyC.nervouslyD.sadly

18.Smithmet_______person（s）inthestory.

A.oneB.twoC.threeD.four

19.

Accordingtoth