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EmeraldArticle:

Studiesonseveralkeyproblemsofwaterhydraulicvane

IndustrialLubricationandTribology

pump

YongLu,WeiZhang,Yuan-yangZhao,Zhi-zhongWang,Peng-chengShu

Articleinformation:

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YongLu,WeiZhang,Yuan-yangZhao,Zhi-zhongWang,Peng-chengShu,（2011）,"Studiesonseveralkeyproblemsofwaterhydraulic

vanepump",IndustrialLubricationandTribology,Vol.63Iss:

2pp.134-141

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//dx.doi.org/10.1108/00368791111112243

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Z.A.Wang,Z.R.Zhou,G.X.Chen,（2011）,"Aninvestigationofpalliationoffrettingwearingrossslipregimewithgrease

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Studies

on

several

key

problems

of

water

hydraulic

vane

pump

YongLu,WeiZhang,Yuan-yangZhao,Zhi-zhongWangandPeng-chengShu

NationalEngineeringResearchCenterofFluidMachineryandCompressors,Xi’anJiaotongUniversity,Xi’an,People’sRepublicofChina

Abstract

Purpose–Thebalancedvanepumpisacommontransmissioncomponentinhydraulicsystems.Sincethephysicochemicalpropertiesofwaterand

seawateraredifferentfromthatofmineraloil,someproblemscanoccur,forinstance,poorlubrication,moreleakage,andmorecorrosion.Thepaper

aimstodemonstratethetechnicalfeasibilityforthewaterhydraulicvanepump.

Design/methodology/approach–Thematerialcombinationswereselectedbasedonrelatedresearchinliterature.Thevolumetricefficiencyand

suctionperformanceweremeasuredinthecurrentexperiment.Therelationsbetweengapclearancesandleakageflow,thecontactandthefriction

forcesbetweenavanetipandacamcontourweresimulatedbasedonmathematicmodels.

Findings–Thesoft-hardmaterialcombinationsintheprototypepumpshowpreferablefrictioncharacteristicsduringtests.Theaxialclearancesare

themainchannelsofleakageflow.Pintypevanepumpcanreducethecontactforceofthevanetip.

Originality/value–Thispaperoutlinessomekeyproblemsofthewaterhydraulicvanepump,suchasthefrictionpairmaterial,thestructure,andthe

contactforceofthevanetipbymeansoftestingthebasicperformanceofpumpandmathematicmodel.

KeywordsHydraulicequipment,Lubrication,Structures,Corrosion

PapertypeResearchpaper

Nomenclature

Q

Q0

QL

QL1,QL2,QL3

hV

d,d1,d2,d3

dwater,doil

r

¼

¼

¼

¼

¼

¼

¼

¼

measuredflowratewithloadpressure

（L/min）

measuredflowratewithoutload

pressure（L/min）

totalleakageflow（L/min）

leakageflowratesofthreemainleakage

channels（L/min）

volumetricefficiency

gapclearances（mm）

gapclearanceofwaterhydraulicsor

fluiddensity（kg/m）

rcs

rcl

hvane

a0

g0

b0

b

l

t

b

u

f

f

¼radiustosmallarcpartofcamring（mm）

¼radiustolargearcpartofcamring（mm）

¼axiallengthofvane（mm）

¼anglerangeofsuctionpart

¼anglerangeofdischargepart

¼anglerangeoflargearcpart

¼averageanglerangeofvolumeunitsin

large-cycleregionwithlowpressure

¼vaneradiallength（mm）

¼vanethickness（mm）

¼vaneextensionoutofrotor（mm）

¼pressureangleofcontactpoint

¼tiltangleofvanetip

¼frictioncoefficient

r

water

roil

（kg/m）

2

F

F

s

s1

¼fluidforceonvanetip（N）

¼fluidforceonvanebottom（N）

m

y

y

y

¼

¼

¼

purewaterviscosity（N·s/m）

fluidkinematicviscosity（cSt）

kinematicviscosityofpurewateror

F

d

¼fluidforcecausedbyloadpressureacting

onvanebottomorpinbottom（N）

p

p

water

d

s

oil

¼

¼

mineraloil（cSt）

dischargepressure（MPa）

suctionpressure（kPa）

Fe

Fp

Fb1

¼centrifugalforce（N）

¼fluidforceactingonpartofvaneextending

outofrotor（N）

¼bindingforcebetweentheheadofvane

Dp

Dp

v

rr

water

Dp

oil

¼

¼

¼

¼

pressuredifference（MPa）

pressuredifferenceofwaterhydraulics

ormineraloilhydraulics（MPa）

rotorangularspeed（rad/s）

radiusofrotor（mm）

F

F

F

b2

t

slotandthevane（N）

¼bindingforcebetweenthevaneslotand

therearpartofvane（N）

¼frictionforceonvanetip（N）

¼frictionforcebetweentheheadofvaneslot

r

0

r3

¼

radiusesofportplate（mm）

F

t1

t2

andthevane（N）

¼frictionforcebetweenthevaneslotandthe

Thecurrentissueandfulltextarchiveofthisjournalisavailableat

IndustrialLubricationandTribology

63/2（2011）134–141

F

n

rearpartofvane（N）

¼contactforcebetweenvanetipandcam

contour（N）

qEmeraldGroupPublishingLimited[ISSN0036-8792]

[DOI10.1108/00368791111112243]

134

ThisresearchwasfundedbytheProgramforChangjiangScholarsand

InnovativeResearchTeaminUniversityofChina（GrantNo.IRT0746）.

Waterhydraulicvanepump

YongLu,WeiZhang,Yuan-yangZhao,Zhi-zhongWangandPeng-chengShu

Fr¼relativeinertialforce（N）

Fk¼Coriolisinertialforce（N）

1.Introduction

Inrecentyears,waterhydraulictechnologyhasbeenreviving

withthedevelopmentinmaterialsandmanufacturing

engineering.Sincepurewaterisenvironmentallyfriendly,

non-toxic,non-flammableandcost-effective,purewater

hydraulicsystemshasbeenappliedinfoodindustry,steel

mills,nuclearengineering,anddesalinationplants（Limetal.,

2003;Conrad,2005）.

Workingasahydraulicfluid,physicochemicalpropertiesof

purewateraredifferentfromthatofmineraloil.Therearesome

factorswhichhinderthewaterfrombeingappliedinhydraulic

systems,suchascorrosions,alowviscosity,cavitation,freezing,

higherbulkmodulus,growthofmicroorganism（Trostmann,

1996;Totten,2000;KrutzandChua,2004）.

Ingeneral,themaindisadvantagesofwaterarecorrosion

andlowviscosity.Thecorrosionofwaterhydraulicsystemsis

duetothedissolvedgases,likechlorine,carbondioxide,and

oxygen.Incontrast,seawaterhasmuchhigherelectrical

conductivityandstrongerelectrochemicalcorrosionthanpure

water,whichdemandstheuseofmorecorrosion-resistant

materials,suchasstainlesssteel,copperalloy,ceramics,and

polymers.Themetallicmaterialsmustcomplywith

electrochemicalseries（Wangetal.,2001）.

Owingtoalowviscosity,itisdifficultforwatertogenerate

hydrodynamiclubricationfilmsbetweenfrictionpairs.

Inaddition,itishardtoformelastohydrodynamiclubrication

aswell,becausetheviscositychangeslittlewithpressure

（Nieetal.,2005）.Thekinematicviscosityofpurewateris1cSt

at208C,whilethatofmineraloilisabout29cStatthesame

temperature.Inpractice,lowviscositymeansmoreleakageand

poorlubrication.Underthesameconditionsofclearanceand

loadpressure,theleakagerateinwaterhydraulicsystemisabout

30timesthatofmineraloil（Varandili,1999）.Inorderto

maintainthevolumetricefficiency,thinnerclearancesare

neededtoreducetheleakage.High-precessionmatchingisa

criticalaspectinwaterhydrauliccomponent（Backe,1999）.

However,thethinnerclearancescancausecoulombfrictionand

wear.Therefore,thematerialsoffrictionpairsinwater

hydrauliccomponentsshouldalsohavewearresistantandor

self-lubricatingproperties.Thetribologicalpropertiesof

severalmaterialcombinationsinwaterorsyntheticseawater

situationwereinvestigatedunderdifferentloadconditions

（BhushanandGray,1979;ClarkeandAllen,1991;Ramoetal.,

1999）.Brookesetal.（1995,1996）presentedmaterial

combinationsbetweenstainlesssteelandplasticsorceramics

inslidingpartsofwaterhydraulicpumpandmotor.

WestinghouseOceanicsDivision（1980）andBlackand

Kuehler（1981）presentedacompactseawaterhydraulic

balancedvanemotor.Throu