动名词的用法总结.docx
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动名词的用法总结
动名词的用法总结
李靖
动名词是动词的一种非谓语形式,由动词+ing构成,否定形式为notdoing,具有动词和名词的性质,在句中起名词作用,可作主语、宾语、表语和定语、状语和宾补。
1作主语(动名词、不定式、过去分词前面加being.动名词做主语谓语动词用单数)
Seeingisbelieving.=Toseeistobelieve眼见为实。
ComingtoHangzhoubytraintakesabout16hours.
乘火车到杭州要16个小时。
-----Whatmadehimangry?
------Mary’s/My/His/HerTheir/Theboy’s/Thepresident’sbeinglate.
比较:
Beingexposedtothesunisharmfultotheskin.
Beingexaminedtwiceayear,whetheritisacar,abusoratruck,istherulethateverydrivermustobeyinthiscity.
句型:
It’snouse/nogooddoingsth做.......没有用处/好处
It’sawasteoftimedoingsth做....浪费时间
比较:
Itisadjfor/ofsbtodosth.
练习:
1._________________inawell-knownuniversityiswhateveryonewishedfor
A.ThegirlwaseducatedB.Thegirleducated
C.Thegirl’sbeingeducatedD.Thegirltobeeducated
2.----Whoistheman______totheteacher?
-----Amodelworker______ourschool.
A.talks,visitsB.istalking;isvisiting
C.talking;visitingD.talking;visited
参考答案:
CC
2.作定语(前置定语和后置定语)
前置定语:
一般只限于单个的动名词作定语,表示“用于……的”或表示“处于某件事情中的……”含义。
例如:
swimmingpool游泳池 readingmaterial阅读材料
walkingstick手杖 floatingneedle浮针
openingspeech开幕词 listeningaid助听器
waitingroom候车室 runningwater自来水
workingpeople劳动人民sleepingchild熟睡孩子
区别下面短语:
thedevelopingcountries/thedevelopedcountriesthefalling/fallenleaves
thepeoplepresent到场的人/thepresentpeople现在的人
theremainingmoney/themoneyleft剩下的钱theboiling/boiledwater.
后置定语:
Therearemanypeople______(wait)outsidethehall.
Therearemanyproblems______(remain)tobesolved.
Theflowers_______(smell)sweetattractalotofpeople.
Therearemanypeople_______(invite)totheparty.
Thefilm,______(set)inthe19thcentury,wonthemedal.
Themeeting_________(hold)nowisofgreatimportance.
Themeeting_________(hold)yesterdaywasofgreatimportance.
Themeeting________(hold)tomorrowisofgreatimportance.
Heisalwaysthefirst_______(come)andthelast_______(leave).
Heistheonlyperson________(know)thetruth.
Hewasthebest______(do)thejob.
参考答案:
waiting/remianing/smelling/invited/set/beingheld/held/tobeheld/tocome/toleave/toknow/todo
3.作表语
动名词作表语的时候,特别要注意:
不要与正在进行时混淆。
动名词作表语,表达的是“某件事”等。
例如:
Hispart-timejobispromotingnewproductsforthecompany.(动名词)
他的业余工作是为那家公司推销新产品。
Theirtaskisexploringoilminesinthewest.(动名词)
他们的任务是在西部探查油矿。
比较下列区别
excited/disappointed/frightened/pleased/satisfied/interested/puzzled/tired
exciting/disappointing/frightening/pleasing/satisfying/interesting/puzzling/tiring
Heismovedbythemovingmovie.
4.作宾语
①考虑、建议和原谅,承认、推迟没得想像
避免、继续练,否认完成停感谢
不禁止介意准逃亡
consider(考虑);advise/suggest/propose/recommend(建议);excuse/pardon(原谅);admit/acknowledge(承认);delay/postpone/putoff(推迟);imagine/fancy(想像);avoid(避免);miss(错过);practise(练习);deny(否认);finish(完成);appreciate(感谢);forbid(禁止);mind(介意);escape(逃脱);
enjoy(享受);risk(冒险);tolerate/bear/stand/putupwith(容忍);quit(停止)advocate(提倡);resist(抵制)understand(理解);allow/permit(允许)
feellikedoingsth(喜欢做某事;giveupdoing(放弃做某事);keepdoing(不停的做某事);bebusydoingsth;can’thelpdoingsth(情不自禁);beworthdoingsth(值得做某事);havedifficulty/troubledoingsth(做...有困难/麻烦);haveahard/goodtimedoingsth;havefundoingsth
Itisnouse/gooddoingsth做.......没有用处/好处
Thereisnopointindoingsth=Thereisnoneedtodosth没必要做某事
It’sawasteoftimedoingsth做....浪费时间
Itisworthwhiledoing/todosth=beworthytobedone=beworthyofbeingdone值得做某事
②forget,goon,mean,regret,remember,stop,try等动词或词组可带动名词或不定式作宾语,但意义上有区别。
forgettodosth_________________forgetdoingsth______________________
goontodosth__________________goondoingsth______________________
meantodosth____________________meandoingsth___________________
regrettosay/tell/inform/announce__________________________________
regretdoingsth/havingdone________________________________________
remembertodosth_________________rememberdoingsth________________
stoptodosth______________________stopdoingsth____________________
trytodosth______________________trydoingsth____________________
beafraidtodosth_________________beafraidofdoingsth______________
besuretodosth__________________besureofdoingsth_______________
Let’sgoonstudyingLesson6.(让我们继续学第六课。
说明前面已学了一部分。
)
Let’sgoontostudyLesson6.(让我们接着学第六课。
说明前面已学了第五课。
)
Irememberdoingtheexercise.(我记得做过练习。
)
Imustremembertodoit.(我必须记着做这事。
)
Itriednottogothere.(我设法不去那里。
)
Itrieddoingitagain.(我试着又干了一次。
)
Stopspeaking.(不要讲话。
)
Hestoppedtotalk.(他停下来讲话。
)
Imeantocomeearlytoday.(我打算今天早些来。
)
Missingthetrainmeanswaitingforanotherhour.(误了这趟火车意味着再等一个小时)
③在allow,advise,forbid,permit等动词后直接跟动名词形式作宾语,如果后面有名词或代词作宾语,其后用动词不定式作宾语补足语。
如:
Wedon’tallowsmokinghere.
Wedon’tallowstudentstosmoke.
④动词need,require,want作“需要”