英语六级真题卷第一套含答案.docx

英语六级真题卷第一套含答案.docx

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英语六级真题卷第一套含答案

2015年6月大学英语六级考试真题（第一套）

PartIIIReadingComprehension（40minutes）

SectionA

Questions36to45arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

"Thatwhichdoesnotkillusmakesusstronger."Butparentscan'thandleitwhenteenagers

putthis36____intopractice.Nowtechnologyhasbecomethenewfieldfortheage-oldbattle

betweenadultsandtheirfreedom-seekingkids.

Lockedindoors,unabletogetontheirbicyclesandhangoutwiththeirfriends,teenshave

turnedtosocialmediaandtheirmobilephonestosocializewiththeirpeers.Whattheydoonline

often37____whattheymightotherwisedoiftheirmobilityweren'tsoheavily38____intheage

ofhelicopterparenting.Socialmediaandsmart-phoneappshavebecomesopopularinrecent

yearsbecauseteensneedaplacetocalltheirown.Theywantthefreedomto39____theiridentity

andtheworldaroundthem.Insteadof40____out,theyjumponline.

Asteenshavemovedonline,parentshaveprojectedtheirfearsontotheInternet,imagining

allthe41____dangersthatyouthmightface一from42____strangerstocruelpeerstopicturesorwordsthatcouldhauntthemonGooglefortherestoftheirlives.

Ratherthanhelpingteensdevelopstrategiesfornegotiatingpubliclifeandtherisksof43

____withothers,fear-fullparentshavefocusedontracking,monitoringandblocking.These

tactics（策略）don'thelpteensdeveloptheskillstheyneedtomanagecomplexsocialsituations,

44____risksandgethelpwhenthey'reintrouble."Protecting"kidsmayfeelliketherightthingto

do,butit45____thelearningthatteensneedtodoastheycomeofageinatechnology-soaked

world.

A）assessB）constrainedC）containsD）explore

E）influenceF）interactingG）interpretationH）magnified

I）mirrorsJ）philosophyK）potentialL）sneaking

M）stickingN）underminesO）violent

SectionB

InequalityIsNotInevitable

[A]Adangeroustrendhasdevelopedoverthispastthirdofacentury.Acountrythatexperienced

sharedgrowthafterWorldWarIIbegantotearapart,somuchsothatwhentheGreatRecession

hitinlate2007,onecouldnolongerignorethedivisionthathadcometodefinetheAmerican

economiclandscape.Howdidthis"shiningcityonahill"becometheadvancedcountrywiththe

greatestlevelofinequality?

[B]Overthepastyearandahalf,TheGreatdivide,aseriesinTheNewYorkTimes,haspresented

awiderangeofexamplesthatunderminethenotionthatthereareanytrulyfundamentallawsof

capitalism.Thedynamicsoftheimperialcapitalismofthe19thcenturyneedn'tapplyinthe

democraciesofthe21st.wedon'tneedtohavethismuchinequalityinAmerica.

[C]Ourcurrentbrandofcapitalismisafakecapitalism.Forproofofthisgobacktoourresponse

totheGreatRecession,wherewesocializedlosses,evenasweprivatizedgains.Perfect

competitionshoulddriveprofitstozero,atleasttheoretically,butwehavemonopoliesmaking

persistentlyhighprofits.C.E.O.senjoyincomesthatareonaverage295timesthatofthetypical

worker,amuchhigherratiothaninthepast,withoutanyevidenceofaproportionateincreasein

productivity.

[D]IfitisnotthecruellawsofeconomicsthathaveledtoAmerica'sgreatdivide,whatisit?

The

straightforwardanswer:

ourpoliciesandourpolitics.Peoplegettiredofhearingabout

Scandinaviansuccessstories,butthefactofthematteristhatSweden,FinlandandNorwayhave

allsucceededinhavingaboutasmuchorfastergrowthinpercapita（人均的）incomesthanthe

UnitedStatesandwithfargreaterequality.

[E]SowhyhasAmericachosentheseinequality-enhancingpolicies?

Partoftheansweristhatas

WorldWarIIfadedintomemory,sotoodidthesolidarityithadcreated.AsAmericatriumphedin

theColdWar,theredidn'tseemtobearealcompetitortooureconomicmodel.Withoutthis

internationalcompetition,wenolongerhadtoshowthatoursystemcoulddeliverformostofour

citizens.

[F]Ideologyandinterestscombineviciously.Somedrewthewronglessonfromthecollapseof

theSovietsystemin1991.Thependulumswungfrommuchtoomuchgovernmenttheretomuch

toolittlehere.Corporateinterestsarguedforgettingridofregulations,evenwhenthose

regulationshaddonesomuchtoprotectandimproveourenvironment,oursafety,ourhealthand

theeconomyitself.

[G]Butthisideologywashypocritical（虚伪的）.Thebankers,amongthestrongestadvocatesof

laissez-faire（自由放任的）economics,wereonlytoowillingtoaccepthundredsofbillionsof

dollarsfromthegovernmentintheaidprogramsthathavebeenarecurringfeatureoftheglobal

economysincethebeginningoftheThatcher-Reaganeraof"free"marketsandderegulation.

[H]TheAmericanpoliticalsystemisoverrunbymoney.Economicinequalitytranslatesinto

politicalin-equality,andpoliticalinequalityyieldsincreasingeconomicinequality.Socorporate

welfareincreasesaswereducewelfareforthepoor.Congressmaintainssubsidiesforrichfarmers

aswecutbackonnutritionalsupportfortheneedy.Drugcompanieshavebeengivenhundredsof

billionsofdollarsaswelimitMedicaidbenefits.Thebanksthatbroughtontheglobalfinancial

crisisgotbillionswhileatinybitwenttothehomeownersandvictimsofthesamebanks'

predatory（掠夺性的）lendingpractices.Thislastdecisionwasparticularlyfoolish.Therewere

alternativestothrowingmoneyatthebanksandhopingitwouldcirculatethroughincreased

lending.

[I]Ourdivisionsaredeep.Economicandgeographicsegregationhasimmunizedthoseatthetop

fromtheproblemsofthosedownbelow.Likethekingsofancienttimes'theyhavecometo

perceivetheirprivilegedpositionsessentiallyasanaturalright.

[J]Oureconomy,ourdemocracyandoursocietyhavepaidforthesegrossinequalities.Thetrue

testofaneconomyisnothowmuchwealthitsprincescanaccumulateintaxhavens（庇护所）,but

howwelloffthetypicalcitizenis.Butaverageincomesarelowerthantheywereaquarter-century

ago.Growthhasgonetothevery,verytop,whosesharehasalmostincreasedfourtimessince

1980.Moneythatwasmeanttohavetrickled（流淌）downhasinsteadevaporatedintheagreeable

climateoftheCaymanIslands.

[K]WithalmostaquarterofAmericanchildrenyoungerthan5livinginpoverty,andwith

Americadoingsolittleforitspoor,thedeprivationsofonegenerationarebeingvisiteduponthe

next.Ofcourse,nocountryhasevercomeclosetoprovidingcompleteequalityofopportunity.

ButwhyisAmericaoneoftheadvancedcountrieswherethelifeprospectsoftheyoungaremost

sharplydeterminedbytheincomeandeducationoftheirparents?

[L]AmongthemostbitterstoriesinTheGreatDividewerethosethatportrayedthefrustrationsof

theyoung,wholongtoenterourshrinkingmiddleclass.Soaringtuitionsanddecliningincomes

haveresultedinlargerdebtburdens.Thosewithonlyahighschooldiplomahaveseentheir

incomesdeclineby13percentoverthepast35years.

[M]Wherejusticeisconcerned,thereisalsoahugedivide.Intheeyesoftherestoftheworldand

asignificantpartofitsownpopulation,massimprisonmenthascometodefineAmerica—a

country,itbearsrepeating,withabout5percentoftheworld'spopulationbutaroundafourthof

theworld'sprisoners.

[N]Justicehasbecomeacommodity,affordabletoonlyafew.WhileWallStreetexecutivesused

theirexpensivelawyerstoensurethattheirrankswerenotheldaccountableforthemisdeedsthat

thecrisisin2008sographicallyrevealed,thebanksabusedourlegalsystemtoforeclose（取消赎

回权）onmortgagesandejecttenants,someofwhomdidnotevenowemoney.

[O]Morethanahalf-centuryago,AmericaledthewayinadvocatingfortheUniversal

DeclarationofHumanRights,adoptedbytheUnitedNationsin1948.Today,accesstohealthcare

isamongthemostuniversallyacceptedrights,atleastintheadvancedcountries.America,despite

theimplementationoftheAffordableCareAct,istheexception.Inthereliefthatmanyfeltwhen

theSupremeCourtdidnotoverturntheAffordableCareAct,theimplicationsofthedecisionfor

Medicaidwerenotfullyappreciated.Obamacare'sobjective一toensurethatallAmericanshave

accesstohealthcare—hasbeenblocked:

24stateshavenotimplementedtheexpandedMedicaid

program,whichwasthemeansbywhichObamacarewassupposedtodeliveronitspromiseto

someofthepoorest.

[P]Weneednotjustanewwaronpovertybutawartoprotectthemiddleclass.Solutionstothese

problemsdonothavetobenovel.Farfromit.Makingmarketsactlikemarketswouldbeagood

placetostart.Wemustendtherent-seekingsocietywehavegravitatedtoward,inwhichthe

wealthyobtainprofitsbymanipulatingthesystem.

[Q]Theproblemofinequalityisnotsomuchamatteroftechnicaleconomics.It'sreallya

problemofpracticalpolitics.Inequalityisnotjustaboutthetopmarginaltaxratebutalsoabout

ourchildren'saccesstofoodandtherighttojusticeforall.Ifwespentmoreoneducation,health

andinfrastructure（基础设施）,wewouldstrengthenoureconomy,nowandinthefuture.

46.Intheory,freecompetitionissupposedtoreducethemarginofprofitstotheminimum.

47.TheUnitedStatesisnowcharacterizedbyagreatdivisionbetweentherichandthepoor.

48.Americalackedtheincentivetocareforthemajorityofitscitizensasitfoundnorivalforits

economicmodel.

49.Thewealthytophavecometotakeprivilegesforgranted.

50.Manyexamplesshowthebasiclawsofimperialcapitalismnolongerapplyinpresent-day

America.

51.Theauthorsuggestsareturntothetruespiritofthemarket.

52.Aquarteroftheworld'sprisonerpopulationisinAmerica.

53.Governmentregulationi