高考英语阅读理解冲刺训练Day 43.docx

高考英语阅读理解冲刺训练Day 43.docx

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高考英语阅读理解冲刺训练Day43

高考英语阅读理解冲刺训练Day43

Passage1

TheBritishMedicalJournalrecentlyfeaturedastrongresponsetowhatwasjudgedaninappropriatelymercifulreactionbyamedicalschooltoastudentcheatinginanexaminationAlthoughwehaveinsufficientreliabledataabouttheextentofthisphenomenon,itsprevention,oritseffectivemanagement,muchcanbeconcludedandactedupononthebasisofcommonsense.

ThereisgeneralagreementthatthereshouldbezerotoleranceofcheatinginaprofessionbasedontrustandoneonwhichhumanlivesdependItisreasonabletoassumethatcheatersinmedicalschoolwillbemorelikelythanotherstocontinuetoactdishonestlywithpatients,colleagues,andgovernment.

ThebehavioursunderquestionaremultifactorialinoriginTherearefamilial（家庭的）,religious,andculturalvaluesthatareacquiredlongbeforemedicalschoolForexample,countries,cultures,andsubculturesexistwherebribesanddishonestbehaviourareverynormalTherearesecondaryschoolsinwhichneitherstaffnorstudentstoleratecheatingandotherswherecheatingiscommon；therearehomeswhichcultivateyoungpeoplewithhighstandardsofmoralbehaviourandotherswhichleavemoraltrainingtotheharmfulinfluenceoftelevisionandthemarketplace.

MedicalschoolsreflectsocietyandcannotbeexpectedtoremedyalltheillsofasocietyTheselectionprocessofmedicalstudentsmightbeexpectedtofavourapplicantswithpositivemoralbehaviourMedicalschoolsshouldbethemajorfocusofattentionforcultivatingfuturedoctorswithmoralsensitivityUnfortunatelytherearetroublingdatathatsuggestthatduringmedicalschoolthemoralbehaviourofmedicalstudentsdoesnotnecessarilyimprove；indeed,moraldevelopmentmayactuallystoporevenregress（倒退）.

ItiscriticalthattheacademicandclinicalleadersoftheinstitutionsetapersonalexampleonmoralbehaviourMedicalschoolsmustdosomethingtomakesurethattheirstudentsareexpectedtobeclearfromdayoneThedevelopmentofaschool’scultureofmoralbehaviourrequirescooperationwiththestudentsinwhichtheyplayanactiveroleinitscreationanddevelopingMoreover,theschool’sexaminationsystemandgeneraltreatmentofstudentsmustbefairFinally,thetreatmentofinfractions（违规）mustbefirm,fair,transparent（透明的）.

1.Whatdoestheauthorsayaboutcheatinginmedicalschools？

________

A.Extensiveresearchhasbeendoneaboutthisphenomenon.

B.Wehavesufficientdatatoprovethatpreventionispossible.

C.Weknowthatthisphenomenonexistsineverymedicalschool.

D.Westillneedmorereliabledatatoknowhowseriousitis.

2.Accordingtotheauthor,itisimportanttopreventcheatinginmedicalschoolsbecause________.

A.Themedicalprofessionisbasedontrust.

B.Thereiszerotoleranceofcheatinginmedicine.

C.Themedicalprofessiondependsonthegovernment.

D.Cheatingexistsextensivelyinmedicalschools.

3.Whichofthefollowingstatementswilltheauthorprobablyagreewith？

________

A.Medicalschoolsshouldmakealesscompetitiveenvironmentforstudents.

B.Outstandingpeopleshouldcreateasetofmoralstandardstobefollowed.

C.Medicalstudentsshouldbepositiveincreatingandpreservingmoralbehavior.

D.Wedon’tknowthecause-and-effectoftheexaminationcheatinginmedicalschool.

4.Whichofthefollowingcanbeimpliedfromthepassage？

________

A.Itmakeslittlesensetotalkaboutmedicalschoolstudentcheatinginexams.

B.Medicalschoolshaven’tbeendoingwelltohelpstudentsdevelopmorally.

C.Cheatinginexamsistolerableoutsideofmedicalschoolcircle.

D.Eliminationofexamshelpscultivatehealthiercharactersofmedicalschoolstudents.

Passage2

　　Fourandahalfbillionpeopleworldwidelivewithoutahouseholdtoilet.Hundredsofmillionsofpeopleareusingfacilitiesthatareunhealthyandmorethanabillionpeopledefecate（排泄）intheopen.

　　Michaeldecidedtotakeactioninresponsetowhatisoneoftheworld'sgreatestpublichealthcrises.Heinvited32healthworkersfrom16communitiesinthesouthernHighlandsofMadagascartoattendatrainingtoorganizecommunitiestocompletelywipeoutopendefecation.

　　Aftercompletingtheinitialtraining,the32healthworkersreturnedtotheirtownsandgottowork.Theymetwiththeircommunityandbegantomapouttheirtown.Togethertheytouredtheareaandpointedouteveryspotwherepeopleoftendefecate.Manyofthembecameembarrassedafterrealizingthehighamountofhumanwasteintheircommunity.Theythencontinuedtomakeabillforthetotalcostsoftripstothelocalhealthcenterwhenbeingtreatedforgastrointestinal（肠胃的）diseases.Theyquicklybegantorealizethefinancialinvolvement,besidesthehealthrisksofopendefecation.

　　Thecommunitiesbegantosolvetheproblemontheirown.Theyconsideredwaystoreducethecost,byusinglocalmaterials.Bamboofencesweresuggestedasanalternativetowoodenfences.Mudcouldbeusedtobuildwallsinsteadofbricks.BeforeMichaelstartinghisproject,267toiletsexistedforthe6,700peoplelivinginthecommunitiesMichaelaimedtoreach.Itwasnotenoughatall.Morethan300additionaltoiletswerebuilt.Hewaspleasantlysurprisedbytheenthusiasmhesawfromthecommunitytowardsmakingopendefecationless.

1.WhatisthepurposeofMichael'sproject?

________

A.Tochangesomepeople'slivingtraditions.

B.Tohelpallpeopleinpovertyintheworld.

C.Toridmanypeopleofthehabitofopendefecation.

D.Todevelopprofessionalskillsofhealthworkers.

2.Whatmadethecommunitiesbegintobuildtoilets?

________

A.Michael'shealthytrainingsforthelocals.

B.Healthworkers'suggestionsondefecation.

C.Toomanyspotswherepeopleoftendefecate.

D.Thecostondiseasescausedbyopendefecation.

3.Whatdomanyofthelocalsthinkofopendefecationaftermappingouttheirtown?

________

A.Theytakeitforgranted.

B.Theyviewitasashame.

C.Theythinkitunimportant.

D.Theyvalueitasatradition.

Passage3

Itismadefromgrapesgrownwithoutpesticides（杀虫剂）andchemicals,iskindtotheenvironmentandrarelycauseshangover（酒后头痛）.SalesoforganicwineareboomingintheUK.

AccordingtotheorganicfoodandfarminggroupSoilAssociation,salesoforganicbeers,winesandspiritsroseby14.3%lastyeartoreachnearly£6million,drivenbythedemandfromconsumerswhoareincreasinglyseeking"natural"food.

"Itseemsthatpeoplearerediscoveringtheirlinkwiththeenvironmentthroughorganicfood.Organicwinesalsotastebetter,perhapsduetolessuseofman-madechemicals."saidFinnCottleofSoilAssociation.Aswellasthebenefitsofproducinggrapeswithoutusingpesticides,organicwinealsocontainslesssulphurdioxide（二氧化硫）,whichcancontributetowardshangovers.

Supermarketsareincreasingsuppliesontheirshelvestomeetconsumerdemand,whiletheswitchtoonlineshoppinghasalsohelped,aspeoplearemoreeasilyabletofindwhattheyarelookingfor.VintageRootsisnowoneoftheUK'sbiggestonlineshopsoforganicwine,whileOcadoprovidesmorethan100differentorganicwinesandDaylesford,best-knownforitsorganicvegetableboxes,hasbranchedoutintoorganicwineandspirits.

ThediscountsupermarketAldiissettostartitsfirstcollectionofso-called"green"winesthisweek,offeringeightwineswithorganiccertificates.Aldiexpectsthewinestoappealtotheyoungshopperswhoareincreasinglyconcernedabouttheenvironmentalinfluenceoftheproducethattheyarebuyingandconsuming.

　　EnglishorganicwineproducerOxneyEstate'sNoirRosérecentlywontheWaitroseprizeforthemostoutstandingroséwineatthecompetition.AspokeswomanforWaitrosesaid:

"Organicwineisagrowingtrendgloballyandwehaveseensalesincreaseby16%inthelastyear."

1.Salesoforganicwineareincreasingprobablybecause________.

A.consumersarenowmoreenvironmentallyaware

B.itoffersaverydifferenttastefromtraditionalwine

C.consumersaretiredofhangoversafterdrinking

D.itcontainsnosulphurdioxideorpesticide

2.What'sthemainideaofparagraph4?

________

A.UKsupermarketswelcomeorganicwineandspirits.

B.Onlineshoppingpromotesthesalesoforganicwine.

C.There'renotenoughsuppliesoforganicwineintheUK.

D.Supermarketsshouldgoonlinetosellmorewine.

3.Thewritingpurposeofthetextisto________.

A.persuadereaderstogogreenwhiledrinking

B.compareorganicwineandtraditionalwine

C.sharewithreaderswineswithouthangovers

D.introduceanewconsumingtrendintheUK.

Passage4

AgroupofscientistsisgatheringtodayintheU.K.todiscussathickpieceoficethat’scrackinginAntarctica,whichisofthesizeofDelaware.

TheiceshelfiscalledLarsenC,anditnowhasa90-milecrackrunningthroughit.Thebigrift（裂缝）isslicingtheiceshelffromtoptobottom.Butthisisnotjustanothersadclimatechangestory.It’smorecomplicated.“Alotofthingsaregoingondeepinsidetheice,”saysAdrianLuckman,aglaciologist.

Luckmansaysclimatechangeiscertainlyinfluencingthisregion.LarsenCusedtohavetwoneighborstothenorth,LarsenAandLarsenB.Astheairandwaterwarmed,thoseiceshelvesstartedmeltingandthendisappearedin1995and2002.ButthecrackinLarsenCseemstohavehappenedonitsown,fordifferentreasons.

LarsenChasmanycracks.Alliceshelvesdo.Thisparticularcrackhasbeenaroundsinceatleastthe1960s.Theunusualpartisthatin2014,thiscrack—andonlythiscrack—startedgrowingquickly.Why?

“Well,thatisalittlebitofamysteryandthat'swhyitdrewitselftoourattention,”