英语修辞集锦.docx

英语修辞集锦.docx

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英语修辞集锦

Antithesis

1.单词平行对照

Knowledgemakehumble,ignorancemakesproud.

2.短语平行对照

Onehundredyearslater,theNegrolivesonalonelyislandofpovertyinthemidstofavastoceanofmaterialprosperity.

3.从句平行对照

Theworldwilllittlenote,notlongrememberwhatwesayherebutitcanforgetwhatwedidhere.

4.句子平行对照

Amisergrowsrichbyseemingpoor.

Anextravagantmangrowspoorbyseemingrich.

Moneyisagoodservantbutabadmaster.

Workhasabitterfootbutasweetfruit.

Thelifeofthewolfisthedeathofthelamb.

Lifecanonlybeunderstoodbackwards,butitmustbelivedforwards.

Wherethereisamarriagewithoutlove,therewillbelovewithoutmarriage.（ParodyandAntithesis）

Contrast

语义上的相对或者相反就被称作对照。

1.Caesar:

Cowardsdiemanytimesbeforetheirdeath;

thevaliantnevertasteofdeathbutonce.

2.Tobepreparedforwarisoneofthemosteffectualmeansofpreservingpeace.

3.Menalwayswanttobeawoman’sfirstlove;womenhaveamoresubtleinstinct,whattheylikeistobeaman’slastromance.

4.Amothertakestwentyyearstomakeamanofherboy,andanotherwomanafoolofhimintwentyminutes.

5.Abankisaplacewheretheyleanyouanumbrellainfairweatherandaskforitbackagainwhenitbeginstorain.

Hyperbole

Hyperboleisawayofdescribingsomethinginordertomakeitsoundbigger,smaller,better,worse,etc.thanitreallyis.分为ExtendedHyperbole和ReducedHyperbole

e.g.1.Hiseloquencecouldsplitrocks.

2.Itisthelaststrawthatbreaksthecamel'sback.

1.数词夸张

e.g.1.Onefatherismorethanathousandteachers.

2.Thismakeshimroarlikeathousandbulls.

2.通过其他词汇夸张

a.通过动词夸张

e.g.Initswake,budgetcutsandfoodshortageshavehitthenewnationofRussiaandpresshaveshotoutoftheworld.

b.通过名词夸张

e.g.1.It'sacrimetostayinsideonsuchagoodday.

2.Iwasbeatenmyselfintoallthecolorsofrainbows.

c.通过形容词夸张

e.g.1.Divorcehasbecomealucrativeprocess,simpletoarrangeandeasytoforget,andambitiousfemalescanrepeatitasoftenastheypleaseandparlaytheirwinningstoastronomicalfigures.

2.AndIwillluvetheestill,mydear,

Tilltheseasgangdry,

Andtherocksmeltwi'thesun,

OIwillluvetheestill,mydear,

whilethesandso'lifeshallrun.

3.Shehasthateverlastingrotationoftonguethatanechomustwaittillshediebeforeitcancatchherlastword.

3.用虚拟语气夸张

e.g.1.Somemoviestarsweartheirsunglasses,eveninchurch,theyareafraidGodmightrecognizethemandaskforautograph.

2....andthefattestwomenIhaveeverseeninmylifedozinginastraight-backchair.Itwasasifasackofgrainweresupportedbyamatchbox.

4.用形容词比较级和最高级夸张

e.g.Themosteffectivewaterpower—women'stears.

5.用其他辞格表示夸张

e.g.1.Adropofinkmaymakeamillionthink.（Metonymy,ContrastandHyperbole）

2.Aliecantravelhalfwayaroundtheworldwhilethetruthisputtingonhisshoes.（Personification,ComparisonandHyperbole）

Inversion

Inversioncanbedividedintotwodifferenttypes:

grammaticalinversionandrhetoricalinversionrespectively.Butthefunctionsvaryduetodifferentpurposes:

1Togiveemphasistoapartofthesentence.

2Toachievesentencebalance.

3Toachievemetricalpattern.

4Toachievecoherence.

Nowlet’slearnthefollowingexamplesaccordingtothefourfunctions.

1.Mosttrueisitthat“beautyisintheeyeofthegazer.”

2.Risingbehindthecitywasthe4000-footMountVesurius,agrasscoveredslopewheretheshepherdsofPompeiitooktheirgoats,tograze.

3.TheSunisnotabedwhenI

Atnightuponmypillowlie;

Androundtheearthhiswayhetakes,

Andmorningaftermorningmakes,

Whilehereathome,inshiningday,

Weroundthesunnygardenplay,

EachlittleIndiansleepyhead,

Isbeingkissedandputtobed.

4.Myopinionofthecoaltradeonthatriveristhatitmayrequiretalent,butitcertainlyrequirescapital.Talent,Mr.Micauberhas;capitalMr.Micauberhasnot.

Metaphor

Metaphorisanimpliedcomparisonoracondensedsimileforitomitsthewordasorlike.

1.of短语型

a）.a/the+n.+of+n.

e.g.thebridgeoffriendship

b）.a+n.+of+a+n.

e.g.afoxofaman;agirlofaboy

Apolicemanwavedmeoutofthesnakeoftrafficandflaggedmetostop.

2.名词型

e.g.1.Alltheworldisstage,andallmenandwomenmerelyplayer.

2.Educationisnotthefillingofapail,butthelightingofafire.

3.动词型

e.g.1.Theboywolfeddownthefoodthemomenthegrabbedit.

2.ThecasesnowballedintooneofthemostfamoustrialsinUShistory.

3.Hethatcannotforgiveothersbreakthebridgeoverwhichhemustpasshimselfforeveryonehastheneedtobeforgiven.

4.形容词型

e.g.1.Shehasaphotographicmemoryfordetails.

2.Hehasthemicrowavesmilethatwarmsotherswithoutheat.

Metonymy

Metonymyisafigureofspeechinwhichonewordorphraseissubstitutedforanotherwith