英语单词中最常见词根和重要后缀总结.docx
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英语单词中最常见词根和重要后缀总结
英语单词中最常见词根和重要后缀总结
备注：
词根表仅仅作为工具书辅助记忆词汇，请结合考试词汇的中文意思和课堂上老师讲解学习。
acid,acr=sour,sharpact=toact
agogue=leaderal,ol,ul=tonourish（滋补，滋养）
alt=highalter,ali=other
am=toloveangl,angul=angle（角度）
anim=breath,mind
ann=yearanthrop=human
apt=fit（适合的）aqua=water
arm=weaponsart=skill,art
aud=tohearaug=toincrease,tomake,togrow
avi=bird
band,bond=tobindbar=bar
bat=tobeatbat,bas=togo
bell=war
bio=lifebiologybiologist
autobiography
semi-autobiography
pneumonoultramicroscopicsilicovolcanoconiosis
brev=shortcad,cid,cas=tofall
calc=limecamp=field
cand=white,brightcant,chant,cent=tosing
cap=head，totake，tocatch
car=car,toruncarn=flesh
cast=throwcav=hollow
cede,ceed,cess=togo,toyieldceive,cept,cip,cipate=totake
celer=swiftcent=hundred
centr=centercern,cret=toseparate
cert=surechron=time
cide,cise=tocutcirc,cyc=ring
cite=tocall,tourgeclaim,clam=tocry
clin=tobendclud=toshut
coct=tocookcognis,gnos=toknow
commun=commoncord=heart
corp=bodycosm,cosmo=universe
count=tocountcover=tocover
cre,cresc=tomake,togrowcred=tobelieve
crim=accusation,crimecrit=tojudge
cruc=crossculp=blame,guilt
cult=totillcumb=toliedown
cur,course=toruncure=totakecare
cuss=tostrike,toshakedeb,du=toowe
dei=goddem=people
dent=tooth
例如：
dentist牙医-ist表示人；dent=tooth
derm,derma,dermat=skin
dic=toproclaimdict,dit=tosay
dign=worthydivid,divis=todivide
doc=toteachdom=house
dom=totame,toruledon,dot,dow=togive
dorm=tosleepdox,dogma=opinion
draw=todraw,topulldrom=torun,course（process）
duce,duct=toleaddur=tolast
dyn,dynam=powereco=houseego=I,self
electr=electricem,empt=totake,tobuyequ=equal
err=towander,toerress,est=tobe
fa,fabl,fabul=tospeakfac,front=face,forehead
fac,fect=tomake,todofare=togo
fend,fest=tostrikefer=tocarry,tobear,totolerate
ferv=toboilfess=tospeak
fest=festivalfict,fig=tofeign
fid=totrustfigure=toshape,figure（n.）,form（n.）
fil=thread,tospinfin=toend
fix=tofastenflat=toblow
flect,flex=tobendflict=tostrike
flor=flowerflu=toflow
foli=leafform=toform,form,shape
fort=strongfound,fund=base
fract,frag=tobreakfug=toflee
fuse,found=topourgam=marriage
gener,gen,gent=toproduce,race（n.）ger,gest=tocarry
grad,gress=towalkgram,graph=towrite
grand=grandgrat=toplease
grav=heavygregat=tocollect
hab,hibit=tohaveherb=grass
here,hes=tostick，her=heir
horr=totremblehum,hom=man
hum=groundhydr=water
hypno=sleepidio=personal,distinct
it=togo
ject,jac=tothrowjoin,junct=tojoin
journ=dayjud=tojudge
jur=toswearjust,juris=law,right,justice
labor=toworklaps=toslip,toglide
late=tobring,tobearlater=side
lav,lau=towashlax,lyse=toloosen
lect,leg=tochoose,togather,toreadleg=toappoint,tosend
leg=lawlev=toraise,light（adj.）
liber=freelibr,lib=book
lic=tobepermittedlig=tobind
lingu=tongue,languageliqu=fluid
liter=letterloc=place
log,loqu,locut=tospeaklong=long
lud=toplaylumin=light
lust,luc=bright
magn,maj,max=greatmanu,man=hand
mand,mend=toorder,toentrustmari=sea
mark=tomark,boundarymatr=mother
mechan=machinemed=toheal
medi=middlemelan=black
memor=torememberment=tothink,mind（n.）
mere=totrade,reward（n.）merge,mers=tosink,todip
meter=tomeasuremigr=toremove,towander
milit=soldier,tofightmin=tojut,toproject
min=smallmir=towonder,tobehold
miss,mit=tosend,tothrowmix=tomix
mod=mannermon=toadvise,toremind
monstr=toshowmor=custom
morph=formmort=death
mount=mountain,toascendmov,mob,mot=tomove
muni=servicemur=wall
mut=tochangemyst=mystery
nat=bornnau,nav=ship
necro=death,deadnect,nex=tobind
neg=todenyneur,neuro,nerv=nerve
neutr=neithernihil=nothing
noc,nox=toharmnoct,nox=night
nomin,nom=namenorm=rule,norm
not=tomarknounce,nunci=toreport
nov=newnul,null=nothing
number,numer=number,tocountnutri=tonourish
ocul=eyeonym=name
oper=towork,workopt=towish
opt,opto=eye,sightora=tospeak,topray
order,ordin=orderori=torise,tobegin
orn=todecorate,tofurnishortho=straight,right
oss,osteo=bonepact=toagree,tofasten
pan=breadpar=toprepare
par=equalpar=toappear
par=tobear,togivebirthtopart=apart,topart
pass=topasspassi,pati,path=tosuffer,feelings
part=fatherped=foot
ped=childpel,puls=todrive
pen,pun=topunishpend,pens=tohang,toweigh
peri=togothroughpet=tofly,toseek
petr,petro=stone,rockphan,fan=appearance
phon=sound;phe=tospeakphoto=light（n.）
pict=topaint,pictureplac,pleas=toplease
plain,plaint=tobeatthebreastplant=toplant,plant（n.）
plaud,plode=tostrike,toclap
plen,plete,ple,pli,ply=tofill,full（adj.）
plore=toflowoutply,pli,ple=tofold
polis=citypolit,poli=state,country
pon,pound=toputpopul,publ=people
port=tocarryport=gate
pos=toplace,toputpotent=powerful
prec=topraypreci=price
preda=prey（n.）,toplunderpress=topress
prim,prin,prem=firstpris,prehend=toseize
priv=private（adj.）todepriveproach,proxim=near
prob,prov=totest,totry,toexamineproper,propri=proper,one’sown
psych,psycho=soulpugn=tofight
punct=toprickpur=pure
purg=topurifypute=tothink
quer=tocomplainqui,quiet=calm,rest（n.）
quire,quisit,quest=toseekquit=tofree,torelease
radi=root
radi=rayrap,rav=tosnatch
rat,ratio=toreckon,reason（n.）rect=right,straight
reg=torule,king（n.）rot=wheel（n.）,toturn
rud=rawrupt=tobreak
sacr,sanct,secr=sacred
sal=saltsal,sult=toleap
sal,san=wholesangui=blood
sat=fullscan,scend,scal=toclimb
sci=toknowscribe,script=towrite
sect=tocutsed,sess,sid=tosit
semin=seedsen=old
sens,sent=tofeelsequ,secut,su=tofollow
sert=tojoin,toputserv=toserve,tokeep
sign=tomarksimil,sembl=like（prep.）,same
sinu=curve,sinussist,stitut,sta,st=tostand
soci=companion,toassociatesol=alone
sol=sun
somn=sleepson=sound
soph=wise,wisdomsort=kind
spec,spect=tosee,tolooksper=hope
spers=toscatterspher=ball
spir=tobreathesplend=toshine
spond,spons=topromisestell=star
stinct,sting=toprick
string,strict,strain,stress=todrawtightstru,struct=tobuild
suade=toadvisesume,sumpt=totake
summ=sum,highestsur=sure,secure
tail=tocuttang,tact=totouch
tain,ten,tin=tohold,tokeeptechn（o）=art,skill
tect=tocovertemper=tomoderate
tempor=timetempt,tent=totry
tend,tens,tent=tostretchtenu=thin
term=boundaryterr=earth
terr=tofrightentest=witness
text=toweavethe（o）=god
thes,thet=toplace,toputtim=tofear
ton=tonetort=totwist
tour,torn=toturntox=poison
tract,treat=todrawtribut=topay,tobestow
trop=toturntrud,trus=tothrust,topush
tum=toswellturb=todisturb
ultim=lastumbr=shadow
urb=cityus,uti=touse
vac,van,void=emptyvade=togo
vaga=towanderval,vail=strong,worth
var（i）=diverse,tochangevelop=towrap
ven,vent=tocomeven=vein
venge=toavengevent=wind
ver=trueverb=word
verg=toinclinevers,vert=toturn
vest=toclothe,garment
vi,voy=wayvict,vinc=toconquer
vid,vis=toseevig,veg=lively
viv=tolivevoc,voke=tocall,voice
volve,volut=toroll
vor=toeat
C）常见的后缀（suffix）
★1.名词后缀
（1）具有某种职业或动作的人
1）-an,-ian,表示"……地方的人，精通……的人”American,historian
2）-al,表示"具有……职务的人"principal,
3）-ant,-ent表示"……者”merchant,agent,servant,student
4）-ar表示"……的人”scholar,liar
5）-ard,-art表示"做……的人”coward
6）-arian表示"……派别的人，……主义的人”vegetarian
7）-ary表示"从事……的人"secretary
8）-ate表示"具有……职责的人"candidate,graduate
9）-ator表示"做……的人"educator
10）-crat表示"某种政体，主义的支持者"democrat
11）-ee表示"动作承受者"employee,examinee
12）-eer表示"从事于……人"engineer,volunteer
13）-er表示"从事某种职业的人,某地区，地方的人"banker,observer,Londoner,villager
14）-ese表示"……国人，…..地方的人”Japanese,Cantonese
15）-ess表示"阴性人称名词"actress,hostess,manageress
16）-yer表示"从事……职业者”lawyer
17）-ian表示"……地方人，信仰…….教的人，从事……职业的人”physician（内科医生），musician
18）-ician表示"精通者，……家，”electrician,magician,technician
19）-icist表示"……家，…….者,…….能手”physicist
20）-ic表示"……者，……师"mechanic,critic
21）-ster表示"做…….事情的人”youngster,gamester（赌徒），songster
22）-ier表示"从事……职业”clothier
23）-ine,ian表示"阴性人称名词"heroine,ballerina
24）-ist表示"从事……研究者，信仰……主义者"pianist,communist,dentist,artist,chemist,violinist
25）-ive表示"动作者，行为者”native,captive
26）-logist表示"……学家，研究者"biologist,geologist（地质学家）
27）-or表示"……者"author,doctor,operator,
★
（2）.构成，具有抽象名词的含义
1）-hood,表示"资格，身份,年纪，状态"childhood,manhood
2）-age,表示"状态，行为，身份及其结果，总称"courage,storage,marriage
3）-al,
a）表示"事物的动作，过程”refusal,arrival,survival
b）表示具体的事物manual,signal,editorial,journal
4）-ance,-ence表示"性质，状况，行为，过程，总量，程度”endurance,
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