高考英语考试大纲.docx

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高考英语考试大纲.docx

高考英语考试大纲

2018高考考试大纲

考核目标与要求

一、语言知识

要求考生掌握并能运用英语语音、词汇、语法基础知识以及所学功能意念和话题(见附录1至附录5),要求词汇量为3500左右。

二、语言运用

1.听力

要求考生能听懂所熟悉话题的简短独白和对话。

考生应能:

(1)理解主旨要义;

(2)获取具体的、事实性信息;

(3)对所听内容做出推断;

(4)理解说话者的意图、观点和态度。

2.阅读

要求考生能读懂书、报、杂志中关于一般性话题的简短文段以及公告、说明、广告等,并能从中获取相关信息。

考生应能:

(1)理解主旨要义;

(2)理解文中具体信息;

(3)根据上下文推断单词和短语的含义;

(4)做出判断和推理;

(5)理解文章的基本结构;

(6)理解作者的意图、观点和态度。

3.写作

要求考生根据提示进行书面表达。

考生应能:

(1)清楚、连贯地传递信息,表达意思;

(2)有效运用所学语言知识。

4.口语

要求考生根据提示进行口头表达。

考生应能:

(1)询问或传递事实性信息,表达意思和想法;

(2)做到语音、语调自然;

(3)做到语言运用得体;

(4)使用有效的交际策略。

附录1语音项目表

1.基本读音

(1)26个字母的读音

(2)元音字母在重读音节中的读音

(3)元音字母在轻读音节中的读音

(4)元音字母组合在重读音节中的读音

(5)常见的元音字母组合在轻读音节中的读音

(6)辅音字母组合的读音

(7)辅音连缀的读音

(8)成节音的读音

2.重音

(1)单词重音

(2)句子重音

3.读音的变化

(1)连读

(2)失去爆破

(3)弱读

(4)同化

4.语调与节奏

(1)意群与停顿

(2)语调

(3)节奏

5.语音、语调、重音、节奏等在口语交流中的运用

6.朗诵和演讲中的语音技巧

7.主要英语国家的英语语音差异

附录2语法项目表

1.名词

(1)可数名词及其单复数

(2)不可数名词

(3)专有名词

(4)名词所有格

2.代词

(1)人称代词

(2)物主代词

(3)反身代词

(4)指示代词

(5)不定代词

(6)疑问代词

3.数词

(1)基数词

(2)序数词

4.介词和介词短语

5.连词

6.形容词(比较级和最高级)

7.副词(比较级和最高级)

8.冠词

9.动词

(1)动词的基本形式

(2)系动词

(3)及物动词和不及物动词

(4)助动词

(5)情态动词

10.时态

(1)一般现在时

(2)一般过去时

(3)一般将来时

(4)现在进行时

(5)过去进行时

(6)过去将来时

(7)将来进行时

(8)现在完成时

(9)过去完成时

(10)现在完成进行时

11.被动语态

12.非谓语动词

(1)动词不定式

(2)动词的-ing形式

(3)动词的-ed形式

13.构词法

(1)合成法

(2)派生法

(3)转化法

(4)缩写和简写

14.句子种类

(1)陈述句

(2)疑问句

(3)祈使句

(4)感叹句

15.句子成分

(1)主语

(2)谓语

(3)表语

(4)宾语

(5)定语

(6)状语

(7)补语

16.简单句的基本句型

17.主谓一致

18.并列复合句

19.主从复合句

(1)宾语从句

(2)状语从句

(3)定语从句

(4)主语从句

(5)表语从句

20.间接引语

21.省略

22.倒装

23.强调

24.虚拟语气

附录3功能意念项目表

1.社会交往(SocialCommunications)

(1)问候(Greetings)

(2)介绍(Introduction)

(3)告别(Farewells)

(4)感谢(Thanks)

(5)道歉(Apologies)

(6)邀请(Invitation)

(7)请求允许(Askingforpermission)

(8)祝愿和祝贺(Expressingwishesandcongratulations)

(9)提供帮助(Offeringhelp)

(10)接受和拒绝(Acceptanceandrefusal)

(11)约会(Makingappointments)

(12)打电话(Makingtelephonecalls)

(13)就餐(Havingmeals)

(14)就医(Seeingthedoctor)

(15)购物(Shopping)

(16)问路(Askingtheway)

(17)谈论天气(Talkingaboutweather)

(18)语言交际困难(Languagedifficultiesincommunication)

(19)提醒注意(Reminding)

(20)警告和禁止(Warningandprohibition)

(21)劝告(Advice)

(22)建议(Suggestions)

2.态度(Attitudes)

(23)同意和不同意(Agreementanddisagreement)

(24)喜欢和不喜欢(Likesanddislikes)

(25)肯定和不肯定(Certaintyanduncertainty)

(26)可能和不可能(Possibilityandimpossibility)

(27)能够和不能够(Abilityandinability)

(28)偏爱和优先选择(Preference)

(29)意愿和打算(Intentionsandplans)

(30)希望和愿望(Hopesandwishes)

(31)表扬和鼓励(Praiseandencouragement)

(32)责备和抱怨(Blameandcomplaint)

(33)冷淡(Indifference)

(34)判断与评价(Judgementandevaluation)

3.情感(Emotions)

(35)高兴(Happiness)

(36)惊奇(Surprise)

(37)忧虑(Worries)

(38)安慰(Reassurance)

(39)满意(Satisfaction)

(40)遗憾(Regret)

(41)同情(Sympathy)

(42)恐惧(Fear)

(43)愤怒(Anger)

4.时间(Time)

(44)时刻(Pointoftime)

(45)时段(Duration)

(46)频度(Frequency)

(47)时序(Sequence)

5.空间(Space)

(48)位置(Position)

(49)方向(Direction)

(50)距离(Distance)

6.存在(Existence)

(51)存在与不存在(ExistenceandNon-existence)

7.特征(Features)

(52)形状(Shape)

(53)颜色(Colour)

(54)材料(Material)

(55)价格(Price)

(56)规格(Size)

(57)年龄(Age)

8.计量(Measurement)

(58)长度(Length)

(59)宽度(Width)

(60)高度(Height)

(61)数量(Number)

9.比较(Comparison)

(62)同级比较(Equalcomparison)

(63)差别比较(Comparativeandsuperlative)

(64)相似和差别(Similarityanddifference)

10.逻辑关系(Logicalrelations)

(65)原因和结果(Causeandeffect)

(66)目的(Purpose)

11.职业(Occupations)

(67)工作(Jobs)

(68)单位(Employer)

附录4话题项目表

1.个人情况(Personalinformation)

2.家庭、朋友与周围的人(Family,friendsandpeoplearound)

3.周围的环境(Personalenvironments)

4.日常活动(Dailyroutines)

5.学校生活(Schoollife)

6.兴趣与爱好(Interestsandhobbies)

7.个人感情(Emotions)

8.人际关系(Interpersonalrelationships)

9.计划与愿望(Plansandintentions)

10.节假日活动(Festivals,holidaysandcelebrations)

11.购物(Shopping)

12.饮食(Foodanddrink)

13.健康(Health)

14.天气(Weather)

15.文娱与体育(Entertainmentandsports)

16.旅游和交通(Travelandtransport)

17.语言学习(Languagelearning)

18.自然(Nature)

19.世界与环境(Theworldandtheenvironment)

20.科普知识与现代技术(Popularscienceandmoderntechnology)

21.热点话题(Topicalissues)

22.历史与地理(Historyandgeography)

23.社会(Society)

24.文学与艺术(Literatureandart)

附录5词汇表

A

a(an)art

abandonv

abilityn

ablea

abnormala

aboardprep

abolishv

abortionn

aboutad&prep

aboveprep,a&ad

abroadad

abrupta

absencen

absenta

absolutea

absorbv

abstracta&n

absurda

abundanta

abusev

academica&n

academyn

acceleratev

accentn

acceptv

accessn&v

accessiblea

accidentn

accommodationn

accompanyv

accomplishv

accountn

accountantn

accumulatev

accuracyn

accuratea

accusev

accustomeda

achev&n

achievev

achievementn

acida

acknowledgev

acquaintancen

acquirev

acquisitionn

acren

acrossprep

actn&v

actionn

activea

activityn

actorn

actressn

actuala

acutea

ADabbr

ad=advertisementn

adaptv

adaptationn

addv

addicteda

additionn

addressn

adequatea

adjustv

adjustmentn

administrationn

admirablea

admirev

admissionn

admitv

adolescencen

adolescenta&n

adoptv

adorev

adultn

advancev&n

advantagen

adventuren

advertisev

advertisementn

advicen

advisev

advocatev

affairn

affectv

affectionn

affordv

afraida

African

Africana&n

afterad,prep&conj

afternoonn

afterward(s)ad

againad

againstprep

agen

agencyn

agendan

agentn

aggressivea

agoad

agreev

agreementn

agriculturala

agriculturen

aheadad

aidn&v

AIDSn

aimn&v

airn

aircraftn

airlinen

airmailn

albumn

alcoholn

alcoholica&n

algebran

alikead

alivea

allad,a&pron

allergica

alleyn

allocatev

allowv

allowancen

almostad

alonea

alongad&prep

alongsidead

aloudad

alphabetn

alreadyad

alsoad

alternativea

althoughconj

altituden

altogetherad

aluminium

(Amaluminum)n

alwaysad

amv(be)

a.m./am,A.M./AMabbr

amateura

amazev

amazinga

ambassadorn

ambassadressn

ambiguousa

ambitionn

ambulancen

American

amongprep

amountn&v

amplea

amusev

amusementn

analysev

analysisn

ancestorn

anchorv&n

ancienta

andconj

anecdoten

angern

anglen

angrya

animaln

anklen

anniversaryn

announcev

annoyv

annuala

anothera&pron

Antarctica

antiquen

anxietyn

anxiousa

anypron&a

anybodypron

anyhowad

anyonepron

anythingpron

anywayad

anywheread

apartad&a

apartmentn

apologizev

apologyn

apparenta

appealv&n

appearv

appearancen

appendixn

appetiten

applaudv&n

applen

applicantn

applicationn

applyv

appointv

appointmentn

appreciatev

appreciationn

approachn&v

appropriatea

approvaln

approvev

approximatelyad

apronn

arbitrarya

archn

architectn

architecturen

Arctica

arev(be)

arean

arguev

argumentn

arise(arose,arisen)v

arithmeticn

armn&v

armchairn

armyn

aroundad&prep

arrangev

arrangementn

arrestv

arrivaln

arrivev

arrown

artn

articlen

artificiala

artistn

asad,conj&prep

ashn

ashameda

Asian

Asiana&n

asidead

askv

asleepa

aspectn

assessv

assessmentn

assistv

assistancen

assistantn

associatev

associationn

assumev

assumptionn

astonishv

astronautn

astronomern

astronomyn

atprep

athleten

athletica

Atlantica

atmospheren

atomn

attachv

attackv&n

attainv

attemptv&n

attendv

attentionn

attituden

attractv

attractionn

attractivea

audiencen

auntn

authentica

authorn

authorityn

automatica

autonomousa

autumnn

availablea

avenuen

averagea&n

avoidv

awake(awoke,awoken)v&a

awardn

awarea

awayad

awesomea

awfula

awkwarda

B

babyn

bachelorn

backad,a&n

backgroundn

backward(s)ad

baconn

bacterium(plbacteria)n

bad(worse,worst)a

badmintonn

bagn

baggagen

bakeryn

balancen

balconyn

balln

balletn

balloonn

bamboon

bann&v

bananan

bandn

bandagen

bankn

barn

barbecuen

barbern

barbershopn

barea

bargainn&v

barkv&n

barriern

basen

baseballn

basementn

basica

basinn

basisn

basketn

basketballn

batn

bathn

bathev

bathroomn

bathtubn

batteryn

battlen

bayn

BCabbr

be(am,is,are,was,

were,being,been)v

beachn

beann

beancurdn

bear1n

bear2v

beardn

beastn

beat(beat,beaten)v&n

beautifula

beautyn

becauseconj

become(became,become)v

bedn

beddingsn

bedroomn

been

beefn

beern

beforeprep,ad&conj

begv

begin(began,begun)v

behalfn

behavev

behavior(Ambehavior)n

behindprep&ad

beingn

beliefn

believev

belln

bellyn

belongv

belowprep

beltn

benchn

bend(bent,bent)v

beneathprep

beneficiala

benefitn&v

benta&n

besideprep

besidesprep&ad

betrayv

betweenprep

beyondprep

bicyclen

bidv&n

biga

bike=bicyclen

billn

bingon

biochemistryn

biographyn

biologyn

birdn

birthn

birthdayn

birthplacen

biscuitn

bishopn

bitn

bite(bit,bitten)v

bittera

blacka&n

blackboardn

blamen&v

blankn&a

blanketn

bleedv

blessv

blinda

blockn&v

bloodn

blousen

blow(blew,blown)v

bluen&a

boardn&v

boatn

bodyn

boilv

bombn&v

bondn&v

bonen

bonusn

bookn&v

boomn&v

bootn

boothn

bordern

boreda

boringa

borna

borrowv

bossn

botanical

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