高考英语考试大纲.docx
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高考英语考试大纲
2018高考考试大纲
考核目标与要求
一、语言知识
要求考生掌握并能运用英语语音、词汇、语法基础知识以及所学功能意念和话题(见附录1至附录5),要求词汇量为3500左右。
二、语言运用
1.听力
要求考生能听懂所熟悉话题的简短独白和对话。
考生应能:
(1)理解主旨要义;
(2)获取具体的、事实性信息;
(3)对所听内容做出推断;
(4)理解说话者的意图、观点和态度。
2.阅读
要求考生能读懂书、报、杂志中关于一般性话题的简短文段以及公告、说明、广告等,并能从中获取相关信息。
考生应能:
(1)理解主旨要义;
(2)理解文中具体信息;
(3)根据上下文推断单词和短语的含义;
(4)做出判断和推理;
(5)理解文章的基本结构;
(6)理解作者的意图、观点和态度。
3.写作
要求考生根据提示进行书面表达。
考生应能:
(1)清楚、连贯地传递信息,表达意思;
(2)有效运用所学语言知识。
4.口语
要求考生根据提示进行口头表达。
考生应能:
(1)询问或传递事实性信息,表达意思和想法;
(2)做到语音、语调自然;
(3)做到语言运用得体;
(4)使用有效的交际策略。
附录1语音项目表
1.基本读音
(1)26个字母的读音
(2)元音字母在重读音节中的读音
(3)元音字母在轻读音节中的读音
(4)元音字母组合在重读音节中的读音
(5)常见的元音字母组合在轻读音节中的读音
(6)辅音字母组合的读音
(7)辅音连缀的读音
(8)成节音的读音
2.重音
(1)单词重音
(2)句子重音
3.读音的变化
(1)连读
(2)失去爆破
(3)弱读
(4)同化
4.语调与节奏
(1)意群与停顿
(2)语调
(3)节奏
5.语音、语调、重音、节奏等在口语交流中的运用
6.朗诵和演讲中的语音技巧
7.主要英语国家的英语语音差异
附录2语法项目表
1.名词
(1)可数名词及其单复数
(2)不可数名词
(3)专有名词
(4)名词所有格
2.代词
(1)人称代词
(2)物主代词
(3)反身代词
(4)指示代词
(5)不定代词
(6)疑问代词
3.数词
(1)基数词
(2)序数词
4.介词和介词短语
5.连词
6.形容词(比较级和最高级)
7.副词(比较级和最高级)
8.冠词
9.动词
(1)动词的基本形式
(2)系动词
(3)及物动词和不及物动词
(4)助动词
(5)情态动词
10.时态
(1)一般现在时
(2)一般过去时
(3)一般将来时
(4)现在进行时
(5)过去进行时
(6)过去将来时
(7)将来进行时
(8)现在完成时
(9)过去完成时
(10)现在完成进行时
11.被动语态
12.非谓语动词
(1)动词不定式
(2)动词的-ing形式
(3)动词的-ed形式
13.构词法
(1)合成法
(2)派生法
(3)转化法
(4)缩写和简写
14.句子种类
(1)陈述句
(2)疑问句
(3)祈使句
(4)感叹句
15.句子成分
(1)主语
(2)谓语
(3)表语
(4)宾语
(5)定语
(6)状语
(7)补语
16.简单句的基本句型
17.主谓一致
18.并列复合句
19.主从复合句
(1)宾语从句
(2)状语从句
(3)定语从句
(4)主语从句
(5)表语从句
20.间接引语
21.省略
22.倒装
23.强调
24.虚拟语气
附录3功能意念项目表
1.社会交往(SocialCommunications)
(1)问候(Greetings)
(2)介绍(Introduction)
(3)告别(Farewells)
(4)感谢(Thanks)
(5)道歉(Apologies)
(6)邀请(Invitation)
(7)请求允许(Askingforpermission)
(8)祝愿和祝贺(Expressingwishesandcongratulations)
(9)提供帮助(Offeringhelp)
(10)接受和拒绝(Acceptanceandrefusal)
(11)约会(Makingappointments)
(12)打电话(Makingtelephonecalls)
(13)就餐(Havingmeals)
(14)就医(Seeingthedoctor)
(15)购物(Shopping)
(16)问路(Askingtheway)
(17)谈论天气(Talkingaboutweather)
(18)语言交际困难(Languagedifficultiesincommunication)
(19)提醒注意(Reminding)
(20)警告和禁止(Warningandprohibition)
(21)劝告(Advice)
(22)建议(Suggestions)
2.态度(Attitudes)
(23)同意和不同意(Agreementanddisagreement)
(24)喜欢和不喜欢(Likesanddislikes)
(25)肯定和不肯定(Certaintyanduncertainty)
(26)可能和不可能(Possibilityandimpossibility)
(27)能够和不能够(Abilityandinability)
(28)偏爱和优先选择(Preference)
(29)意愿和打算(Intentionsandplans)
(30)希望和愿望(Hopesandwishes)
(31)表扬和鼓励(Praiseandencouragement)
(32)责备和抱怨(Blameandcomplaint)
(33)冷淡(Indifference)
(34)判断与评价(Judgementandevaluation)
3.情感(Emotions)
(35)高兴(Happiness)
(36)惊奇(Surprise)
(37)忧虑(Worries)
(38)安慰(Reassurance)
(39)满意(Satisfaction)
(40)遗憾(Regret)
(41)同情(Sympathy)
(42)恐惧(Fear)
(43)愤怒(Anger)
4.时间(Time)
(44)时刻(Pointoftime)
(45)时段(Duration)
(46)频度(Frequency)
(47)时序(Sequence)
5.空间(Space)
(48)位置(Position)
(49)方向(Direction)
(50)距离(Distance)
6.存在(Existence)
(51)存在与不存在(ExistenceandNon-existence)
7.特征(Features)
(52)形状(Shape)
(53)颜色(Colour)
(54)材料(Material)
(55)价格(Price)
(56)规格(Size)
(57)年龄(Age)
8.计量(Measurement)
(58)长度(Length)
(59)宽度(Width)
(60)高度(Height)
(61)数量(Number)
9.比较(Comparison)
(62)同级比较(Equalcomparison)
(63)差别比较(Comparativeandsuperlative)
(64)相似和差别(Similarityanddifference)
10.逻辑关系(Logicalrelations)
(65)原因和结果(Causeandeffect)
(66)目的(Purpose)
11.职业(Occupations)
(67)工作(Jobs)
(68)单位(Employer)
附录4话题项目表
1.个人情况(Personalinformation)
2.家庭、朋友与周围的人(Family,friendsandpeoplearound)
3.周围的环境(Personalenvironments)
4.日常活动(Dailyroutines)
5.学校生活(Schoollife)
6.兴趣与爱好(Interestsandhobbies)
7.个人感情(Emotions)
8.人际关系(Interpersonalrelationships)
9.计划与愿望(Plansandintentions)
10.节假日活动(Festivals,holidaysandcelebrations)
11.购物(Shopping)
12.饮食(Foodanddrink)
13.健康(Health)
14.天气(Weather)
15.文娱与体育(Entertainmentandsports)
16.旅游和交通(Travelandtransport)
17.语言学习(Languagelearning)
18.自然(Nature)
19.世界与环境(Theworldandtheenvironment)
20.科普知识与现代技术(Popularscienceandmoderntechnology)
21.热点话题(Topicalissues)
22.历史与地理(Historyandgeography)
23.社会(Society)
24.文学与艺术(Literatureandart)
附录5词汇表
A
a(an)art
abandonv
abilityn
ablea
abnormala
aboardprep
abolishv
abortionn
aboutad&prep
aboveprep,a&ad
abroadad
abrupta
absencen
absenta
absolutea
absorbv
abstracta&n
absurda
abundanta
abusev
academica&n
academyn
acceleratev
accentn
acceptv
accessn&v
accessiblea
accidentn
accommodationn
accompanyv
accomplishv
accountn
accountantn
accumulatev
accuracyn
accuratea
accusev
accustomeda
achev&n
achievev
achievementn
acida
acknowledgev
acquaintancen
acquirev
acquisitionn
acren
acrossprep
actn&v
actionn
activea
activityn
actorn
actressn
actuala
acutea
ADabbr
ad=advertisementn
adaptv
adaptationn
addv
addicteda
additionn
addressn
adequatea
adjustv
adjustmentn
administrationn
admirablea
admirev
admissionn
admitv
adolescencen
adolescenta&n
adoptv
adorev
adultn
advancev&n
advantagen
adventuren
advertisev
advertisementn
advicen
advisev
advocatev
affairn
affectv
affectionn
affordv
afraida
African
Africana&n
afterad,prep&conj
afternoonn
afterward(s)ad
againad
againstprep
agen
agencyn
agendan
agentn
aggressivea
agoad
agreev
agreementn
agriculturala
agriculturen
aheadad
aidn&v
AIDSn
aimn&v
airn
aircraftn
airlinen
airmailn
albumn
alcoholn
alcoholica&n
algebran
alikead
alivea
allad,a&pron
allergica
alleyn
allocatev
allowv
allowancen
almostad
alonea
alongad&prep
alongsidead
aloudad
alphabetn
alreadyad
alsoad
alternativea
althoughconj
altituden
altogetherad
aluminium
(Amaluminum)n
alwaysad
amv(be)
a.m./am,A.M./AMabbr
amateura
amazev
amazinga
ambassadorn
ambassadressn
ambiguousa
ambitionn
ambulancen
American
amongprep
amountn&v
amplea
amusev
amusementn
analysev
analysisn
ancestorn
anchorv&n
ancienta
andconj
anecdoten
angern
anglen
angrya
animaln
anklen
anniversaryn
announcev
annoyv
annuala
anothera&pron
Antarctica
antiquen
anxietyn
anxiousa
anypron&a
anybodypron
anyhowad
anyonepron
anythingpron
anywayad
anywheread
apartad&a
apartmentn
apologizev
apologyn
apparenta
appealv&n
appearv
appearancen
appendixn
appetiten
applaudv&n
applen
applicantn
applicationn
applyv
appointv
appointmentn
appreciatev
appreciationn
approachn&v
appropriatea
approvaln
approvev
approximatelyad
apronn
arbitrarya
archn
architectn
architecturen
Arctica
arev(be)
arean
arguev
argumentn
arise(arose,arisen)v
arithmeticn
armn&v
armchairn
armyn
aroundad&prep
arrangev
arrangementn
arrestv
arrivaln
arrivev
arrown
artn
articlen
artificiala
artistn
asad,conj&prep
ashn
ashameda
Asian
Asiana&n
asidead
askv
asleepa
aspectn
assessv
assessmentn
assistv
assistancen
assistantn
associatev
associationn
assumev
assumptionn
astonishv
astronautn
astronomern
astronomyn
atprep
athleten
athletica
Atlantica
atmospheren
atomn
attachv
attackv&n
attainv
attemptv&n
attendv
attentionn
attituden
attractv
attractionn
attractivea
audiencen
auntn
authentica
authorn
authorityn
automatica
autonomousa
autumnn
availablea
avenuen
averagea&n
avoidv
awake(awoke,awoken)v&a
awardn
awarea
awayad
awesomea
awfula
awkwarda
B
babyn
bachelorn
backad,a&n
backgroundn
backward(s)ad
baconn
bacterium(plbacteria)n
bad(worse,worst)a
badmintonn
bagn
baggagen
bakeryn
balancen
balconyn
balln
balletn
balloonn
bamboon
bann&v
bananan
bandn
bandagen
bankn
barn
barbecuen
barbern
barbershopn
barea
bargainn&v
barkv&n
barriern
basen
baseballn
basementn
basica
basinn
basisn
basketn
basketballn
batn
bathn
bathev
bathroomn
bathtubn
batteryn
battlen
bayn
BCabbr
be(am,is,are,was,
were,being,been)v
beachn
beann
beancurdn
bear1n
bear2v
beardn
beastn
beat(beat,beaten)v&n
beautifula
beautyn
becauseconj
become(became,become)v
bedn
beddingsn
bedroomn
been
beefn
beern
beforeprep,ad&conj
begv
begin(began,begun)v
behalfn
behavev
behavior(Ambehavior)n
behindprep&ad
beingn
beliefn
believev
belln
bellyn
belongv
belowprep
beltn
benchn
bend(bent,bent)v
beneathprep
beneficiala
benefitn&v
benta&n
besideprep
besidesprep&ad
betrayv
betweenprep
beyondprep
bicyclen
bidv&n
biga
bike=bicyclen
billn
bingon
biochemistryn
biographyn
biologyn
birdn
birthn
birthdayn
birthplacen
biscuitn
bishopn
bitn
bite(bit,bitten)v
bittera
blacka&n
blackboardn
blamen&v
blankn&a
blanketn
bleedv
blessv
blinda
blockn&v
bloodn
blousen
blow(blew,blown)v
bluen&a
boardn&v
boatn
bodyn
boilv
bombn&v
bondn&v
bonen
bonusn
bookn&v
boomn&v
bootn
boothn
bordern
boreda
boringa
borna
borrowv
bossn
botanical