高三英语定语从句复习题.docx
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高三英语定语从句复习题
定语从句
一、考点梳理:
考点1:
先行词为物时,一般只用that引导从句的情况:
(1)限制性定语从句中,当先行词被any,every,each,few,little,no,some,theonly,thevery,justthe等修饰时;
(2)先行词是不定代词all,few,little,much,something,nothing,anything等时;
(3)先行词被序数词或形容词的最高级所修饰时;
(4)先行词既有人又有物时;
(5)主句中有疑问词which时,为避免重复;
Whichofthepicturesthatarehangingonthewallisdrawnbyyourbrother?
(6)在限制性定语从句中,当先行词在定语从句中作表语时,只用that;
Myhometownisnottheonethatsheusedtobe.
考点2:
先行词为物时,一般只用which引导从句的情况:
(1)引导非限制性定语从句(which指前面的某名词或它前面的整个主句);
(2)介词后接which(注:
先行词为人的话用whom);
(3)当先行词为集体名词时,着眼于整体,用which(如着眼于
各个成员,用who);
Behindthecoachwalkthefootballteam,whowereallwearinguniforms
注:
(非限制性定语从句里)先行词为表示职业的名词时用
which而不是who;
Jack'sfatherwasapilotbeforehewasretired,whichJackalwayswantstobe.
(4)先行词后有插入语时,用which而不用that;在分隔式定语从句中也用which;
ThisisthediscoverywhichIthinkisofgreatimportanceinhistory.
ThedaysaregonewhichIspenttogetherwithmycousins.
考点3:
先行词为人时,只用who/whom的情况:
(1)当先行词为one,he,those,anyone及people并且前面那些代词指人时;
Thosewhobreakthelawwillbepunished.
Anyonewhobreaksthelawwillbepunished.
Hewhodoesn'retachtheGreatWallisnotatrueman.
(2)表示人的先行词后有插入语时及在分隔式定语从句中先行词为人的话用who/whom而不用that;
Thisistheboywhoeverybodyknowshaswonthefirstplaceinthecompetition.
Anewteacherwillcometomorrowwhowillteachyoumaths.
考点4:
先行词为人时,只用that的情况:
(1)主句中有疑问词who时,为避免重复;
WhoisthemanthatistalkingtoMr.Smithatthegate?
(2)在限制性定语从句中,当先行词在定语从句中作表语时,只用that;
Sheisn'tthelittlegirlthatshewas20yearsago.
考点5:
由as引导的定语从句的几种常见情况:
(1)as引导非限制性定语从句,说明整个主句的内容,可置于句首或句中。
有“正如”之意(asismentioned/shown/known,asisthecase,asfollows等),而which则没有此意,并且which只能用于逗号后面;
(2)as表示“正如”,所以当从句中表示否定时或有否定前缀时,
用which而不用as:
Heislateagain,whichwasnotexpected.
(3)thesame⋯..that(同⋯一物)与thesame⋯..as(⋯相似物)区别(但注意分析成分)
Iwanttobuythesamecomputeryouareusing,forit'sos
lovely.
ThisisthesamepenIlost.Look,thereismynameonit.
Hereturnedtothesameplacehehadwitnessedtheaccident.
(4)so/such⋯.与ass⋯o/such⋯.th区at别:
前者为定语从句,as
作关系代词在定语从句中充当主语、宾语或表语,后者为结果状语从句,从句中主、宾或表完整;
考点6:
当way作先行词时,在从句中作状语时,可用that,inwhich或省略引导定语从句;
当reason作先行词时,在从句中作状语时,用why/forwhich;
句型:
Thereasonwhy/forwhich⋯..isthat⋯⋯⋯.
考点7:
当先行词situation,case,point(地步),job,condition,scene,activity,system,address,strategy(策略),scene(场景,场面),platform,project等在从句中作状语时,常用where引导定从。
occasion,phase(阶段,时期),interval,break(短暂休息),period,time,age,stay(逗留)在从句中作状语时用when;
Istillrememberthescenewherepeoplewereeatenbythetigers.
考点8:
介词from后可接where表示“从某个地方”,since后可跟when”自从⋯时候起”
Heisstandingontopofthebuilding,fromwherehecangetabetterviewofthecity.
考点9:
定语从句中谓语动词为不及物动词如:
lie/stay/live/sit/stand等时,那么这些词前面应用where或介词+which来表示地点,实际上是全倒装结构中的地点状语置于句首这种情况;
I'llgotoGuangzhoutospendmysummerholidaywsh,erelivemyparentsandsisters.
考点10:
定语从句中一致性原则:
(1)当先行词为oneofthe+复数名词时,并且在定语从句中充当主语时,定语从句的谓动用复数;当先行词为the(only)oneofthe+复数名词时,定语从句的谓动用第三人称单数形式;
Heisoneofthestudentswhowanttoapplyfortheposition.
Heisthe(only)oneofthestudentswhowantstoapplyforthe
position.
(2)句型:
Thosewhowanttogoforapicnicmustgettothegateby6:
10.
Anyonewhowantstogoforapicnicmustgettothegateby6:
10.
Hewhodoesn'retachtheGreatWallisnotatrueman.
I,whoamyourbestfriend,willtrymybesttohelpyouwhenyou'reintrouble.
考点11:
区分句型:
Asisknowntoall,/It'sknowntoatllhat/What'sknowntoallisthat
考点12:
标点:
(区分非限制性定语从句、句子结束、停顿、并列及非谓语结构)
在下列横线上填whom,them:
(1)Hehastwosisters,bothofarelivingabroad.
(2)Hehastwosisters;bothofarelivingabroad.
(3)Hehastwosistersandbothofarelivingabroad.
(4)Hehastwosisters.Bothofarelivingabroad.
(5)Hehastwosisters,bothoflivingabroad.
注意:
关注句子谓语部分是否完整来确定是定语从句还是短语(非句子)进而选择关系代词who,whom,which等或人称代词them,us等;或关注人称代词或关系代词来选择非谓语部分或是完整谓语结构;
(6)Hewrotealotofnovels,manyoftranslatedintoaforeign
language.(them/which)
(7)Wegotnearagarden,itsownerinit.(sitting/wassitting)
考点13:
介词+关系代词中几个特定的介词
degree/extent----–tosituation/casein
point/temperature/speed/rate-/--atoccasion---–--on
A.their
D.which
B.whom
C.whose
答案】C
不会这么优秀。
“,C先w。
i行thout
的【解高析中】老考查师介,词没+有关系他代们词的引帮导的助定,语我从句。
句意:
_词_是__“___m_y__h_ig_h_shcehlpoolwteoaucldhner,s关'系t词be在s从”o句ex中c是e作ll一e定n个t语,故
2.It'sstronglyadvisedthatsmokersnotbeallowedtosmokeinanyroombabiescurrentlyoccupy.
A.where
D.as
【答案】C
【解析】考查定语从句。
句意:
强烈建议不允许吸烟者在婴儿目前占用的任何房间吸烟。
“babiescurrentlyoccup是y.一个定语从”
句,先行词是“anyroom,关”系词在从句中作宾语,指物,故选C。
3.ManyteacherslikesurfingtheInternet,theymayfindalot
ofusefulvideosaboutteaching.
A.which
D.that【答案】B会【发解现析很】多考查有定用的语教从学句视。
频句。
意:
这许是多个老定师语喜从欢句上,网先,行在词网是上“他们th可eI能nterne,t表地点,从句缺少状语,因此可以判定使用“where引”导,故选B。
4.Ascientistat'temspttoproducetheworld'fisrstgene-editedbabies
areimmunetoHIVhassparkedcontroversyinacademiaandthepublic.
A.asB.whoC.whomD.whose
答案】B【定对语解H从析IV句】有的考免先查疫行定力词语的为从基句因“。
编b句辑a意b婴ie为,儿s:
且,”一从这位句在科缺学学少术家主界试语和图,公培故众育用中出关引世系发界代了上词争首议个“。
who引导从句。
故选B。
5.—Whendidyougettoknowyourgirlfriend?
—Itwasin2015shewasworkingasavolunteerinAfrica.
A.thatB.whichC.whenD.
then
者—的—时你候什认么识时的候。
认本识句你为女定朋语友
句中做时间状语,故用关系副
【答案】C【解析】考查定语从句连接词。
句意:
的?
——是在2015年她到非洲做志愿者的时候认识的从句修饰先行词“2015,”且先行词在从词when。
故选C。
6.【2019·江苏·单项选择】Wehaveenteredintoanagedreams
havethebestchanceofcomingtrue.
答案】C
时【代解析梦】想实考现查定的语机从会最句。
大句。
句意:
中先我行们词已为经进入“到a了na一g(个e一时”个代时,代在)这,个且先行词在从句中作时间状语,所以关系词用when。
故选C。
7【.2019·天津·单项选择】Theirchildisatthestageshecansay
individualwordsbutnotfullsentences.
A.why
D.what【答案】B【解析】考查定语从句。
句意:
他们的孩子正处于能说单个单词而不能说完整句子的阶段。
句中“shceansayindividualwordsbutnotfulls中e作nte地nc点e状s是语”一,个用定关语系从副句词,先w行he词re是,故“选thBe。
stage,关”系词在定语从句
8.Kate,sisterIsharedaroomwhenwewereatcollege,hasgone
toworkinAustralia.
A.withwhomB.whomC.withwhoseD.whose
【答案】C
【解析】这是一个复合句,主句是“KatehasgonetoworkinAustrali,a从句是“sisterIsharedaroomwhenwewereatcolle,ge从句修饰
“Kate,”是定语从句,关系词在从句中作定语,修饰“sister,词”组sharesthwithsb.故用withwhose。
本题目要克服思维定势介+which/whom
9.WeallChinesepeoplearecalledontolearnfromLeiFeng
wethinksetagoodexampletoallofus.
A.whosewhom【答案】B【解析】考查定语从句。
句意:
我们所有的中国人都应该向雷锋学习,我们认为他为我们树立了一个好榜样。
先行词是“LeFieng”,表人,关系词在从句中作主语,因此只能用“从句中有插入语Wethink只能用who”,故选B。
10.Agoodgovernmentisnottopicktechnologies,buttoestablishconditionsinnovationissupportedandencouragedintothe
marketplace.
A.whenB.thatC.asD.where
【答案】D【解析】考查定语从句。
句意:
一个好的政府不是挑选技术,而是建立一个支持和鼓励创新进入市场的条件。
句中包含定语从句,先行词是“conditions指物,”在定语从句中作地点状语,用关系副词“where引导,故选D。
11.Weclimbeduptothetopofahill,wegotagoodview
ofthewholeforestpark.
A.whichB.fromwhereC.when
D.that
答案】B
【解析】考查定语从句。
句意:
我们爬上了山顶,在那里我们可以看到整个森林公园的美景。
此处“thetopofahil是l先行词,指”地点,后面的非限制性定语从句不缺主谓宾语,缺一个地点状语,解释为“从
那儿”,故选B
12.OntheDoubleNinthFestival,manyoldpeoplewillgettogether,
talkingaboutthepeopleandthethingstheycameacrossmany
yearsago.
A.whatB.whichC.whoD.that
答案】D
解析】考查定语从句。
句意:
在重阳节,很多老人会聚在一起,谈
theycameacrossmanyyearst,hin故g,用s先关行系词代即词”有“人又th有a引t”
13.Sheandherfamilybicycletowork,helpsthemkeepfit.
A.whichB.whoC.asD.that
【答案】A
从句___引语“,定。
句性康主制健个限制持健整个非保饰查们修考她句】于从析助该解有,【这句
_句h意elp:
s她the和m家k人ee骑p自f是it行非车限去制上性班定”,语从词在从句中做主语,故该从句应用关
14.---HowCanIgetintouchwiththetravelagency,Robin?
---JustsurftheInternetandthencallonethetelephonenumberis
provided.
A.withwhichB.inwhichC.ofwhichD.bywhich【答案】C
【解析】本题考查定语从句。
先行词one指代atravelagency,ofwhichthetelephonenumber相当于whosetelephonenumber故,选C。
15.Suchimportantreformpoliciesassociatedwiththeinterestsofthe
generalpublicwereintroducedinChinaalmosteachperson
couldbenefitfrominlife.
A.whenB.thatC.whereD.as【答案】D
【解析】本题考查定语从句。
句意:
中国引进了如此重要的与大众利益密切相关的改革政策,该政策将使每个人受益。
先行词为Suchimportantreformpolicies,在从句中充当benefitfrom后面的宾语,因
三、定语从句巩固练习:
1.Weshouldbeawarethatthedegreeourdietissuccessful
dependsonourwillpower.
A.thatB.whichC.towhichD.onwhom
2.AtthewebsiteWordSpy,fappy,isshortforfatandhappy,is
definedasoverweightandhappywithone'slife.
A.whereB.whenC.whatD.
which
3.
Withcomputersreplacinghumansinmanyindustries,therehavebeenmanyreportsinrecentyearswarnoffuturejoblosses.
4.Thenewgraduatehasstartedseveralmicr-oenterpriseswithhisfriends,allofarewellmanagedandorganized.
A.whomB.thoseC.whichD.
them
5.Agrandcelebrationalongwiththemilitaryparadewasbroadcast
liveat11am,millionsoffamiliesweresittinginfrontofthe
television,watchingit.
A.whichthat
6.Askilledworkforceisessential,iswhyourtrainingprogramissoimportant.
A.thatB.whichC.such
D.what
7.TikTok,knownasDouyininChina,isasocialmediaplatform
shortvideoscanbeeditedanduploadedeasily.
A.thatB.whichC.whereD.when
8.PresidentXimentionedthattheChina-Ustradeisnotawin-losegame,
butonebothcanbecomewinners.
A.whichB.whereC.that
D.what
9.5Gcommercialservice'sbeingofficiallylaunchedhasopenedanew
digitalage,notonlytechnologybutalsopeople'wsork
capacityandlifestylewillbeupgraded.
A.asB.whereC.whenD.which
10.Reducingthefigureoffishingcansafeguardthefuturesustainability
ofsmall-scalefisheriesandthecommunitieslivelihoodis
dependentonthem.
A.