英语听力教程第三版张民伦主编Unit10AGlimpseoftheAge听力原文.docx
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英语听力教程第三版张民伦主编Unit10AGlimpseoftheAge听力原文
Unit10AGlimpseoftheAge
PartIGettingready
In1969,oneofthegreatesttechnologicalachievementsofthehumanracewasaccomplished.Ahumanfirstsetfootonanothercelestialbody.
Audioscript:
Thirty-fiveyearsago,onJuly20.1969.humansfirstsetfootonanotherworld.U.S.Apollo11astronautNeilArmstrongdescendedfromalandingcraftnamed"Eagle"tobecomethefirstpersontosteponthemoon,amomentouseventheeloquentlyconsecrated.
"That'sonesmallstepforaman,onegiantleapformankind."
Duringtheirtwo-and-a-halfhourmoonwalk,theApollocrewmenplantedtheU.S.flaginthesoilandreceivedaphonecallfromPresidentRichardNixon,whopaidtributetowhathecalledtheirimmensefeat.
"Becauseofwhatyouhavedone,theheavenshavebecomeapartofman'sworld.Foronepricelessmomentinthewholehistoryofman,allthepeopleonthisEartharetrulyone,oneintheirprideinwhatyouhavedone."
21.5hoursafterdescent,astronautsArmstrongandAldrinfiredtheirascentrocketsandrejoinedMichaelCollinsaboardtheorbiting"Columbia"commandmodulefortheflighthome,establishingforeverwhatMr.ArmstronghascalledApollo11'slastinglegacy.
"TheimportantachievementofApollowasademonstrationthathumanityisnotforeverchainedtothisplanet,andourvisionsgoratherfurtherthanthatandouropportunitiesareunlimited."
PartIIStandingonthemoon
AlanShepardisaU.S.astronaut,whowalkedonthemoonin1971.Inaninterview,AlanShepardreminiscedabouthisexperienceonthemoon.
Audioscript:
OnFebruary4,1971,AlanShepard,commanderoftheApollo14spacemission,becamethefifthpersontowalkonthemoon.HeandfellowastronautEdgarMitchellspentninehoursand23minutesinspacesuitsonthelunarsurface.Theirmajorjobwastogatherandphotographsamplesofthematerialsonthemoon'ssurface,includingrocksandstones,totakebacktogeologistsonearth.
Whenhewasaskedabouthislunarexperience,Mitchellsaid,"Whatitdidformeisreallyforcemetogetapictureoftheuniversefromatotallydifferentperspectiveandthenstarttoquestionourconventionalwaysoflookingatourselves,ourplaceintheuniverse,ourplaceinlife,whatit'sallabout."
Ayearandahalfearlier,onJuly20,1969,theastronautsofApollo11hadmadethefirstlandingonthemoon.Atthattime,CommanderNeilArmstrongwasthefirstpersontowalkonthemoon.Ashetookhisfirststepoutofthelunarmodule,heradioedthesewordstotheearth:
"That'sonesmallstepforaman;onegiantleapformankind."
InaJuly1994interviewwithawriterfortheNewYorkTimes,AlanShepardtalkedaboutlookingatearth:
"Irememberbeingstruckbythefactthatitlookssopeacefulfromthatdistance,butrememberingontheotherhandalltheconfrontationgoingonalloverthatplanetandfeelingalittlesadthatpeopleonplanetEarthcouldn'tseethatsamesightbecauseobviouslyallthemilitaryandpoliticaldifferencesbecomesoinsignificantseeingitfromthedistance."
Audioscript:
T--TerryGrossA--AlanShepard
T:
Whatsurprisedyoumostabouthowthesurfaceofthemoonlooked?
A:
Idon'tthinkwehadanysurprisesabouttheactualsurfaceofthemoon--aboutthebarrenness.Wehadlookedatpicturesofourlandingsitetakenbypreviousmissions.Wehadworkedwithmodelsthatweremadefromthosepictures.Weknewthegeneralconfigurationofwherethecratersweresupposedtobe.WeknewtheobjectiveofConeCrater,whichwastheoneweclimbedupthesideoftogetrocksamples.Thereweren'tanysurprisesthere.ThesurpriseIhadwasstandingonthesurfaceafterwe'dbeenthereforafewminutes,havingachancetorestalittlebit,andlookingupattheearthforthefirsttime--youhavetolookupbecausethat'swhereitis.Andtheskyistotallyblack,andhereyouhaveaplanetwhichisfourtimesthesizeofthemoonaswelookatitfromtheearth,andyoualsohavecolor.Youhaveablueocean(s)andthebrownlandmasses--thebrowncontinents--andyoucanseeiceontheicecapsontheNorthPole,andsoon.It'sjustanabsolute,incredibleview,andthenyousay--ah--hey--um--thatlooksalittlesmalltome.Itlookslikeit--itdoeshavelimits.It'salittlefragile.Youknow,downherewethinkit'sinfinite.Wedon'tworryaboutresourcesum.Upthereyou'resaying,"Gosh,youknow,it'sashamethosefolksdowntherecan'tgetalongtogether--ah--andthinkabouttryingtoconserve,tosavewhatlimitedresourcestheyhave."Andit'sjustveryemotional.Iactuallyshedacoupleoftearslookingupattheearthandhavingthosefeelings.
PartIIINelsonMandela--TheFatherofSouthAfrica
"AsIwalkedoutthedoortowardthegatethatwouldleadtomyfreedom,IknewifIdidn'tleavemybitternessandhatredbehind,I'dstillbeinprison,"Mandelasaidafterhewasfreedin1990.Theprisoner-turned-presidentreconciledSouthAfricaaftertheendoftheapartheid.Heheldaspecialplaceintheconsciousnessofthenationandtheworld.Ontheeveningof5December,2013,NelsonMandelajoinedtheancestors.
Audioscript:
JustbeforemidnightlocaltimeinSouthAfrica,PresidentJacobZumaappearedonnationaltelevisiontoannouncethatthefatherofmodernSouthAfricahaddied.NelsonMandelawas95.
JacobZuma:
FellowsofAfricans,ourbelovedNelsonRolihlahlaMandela,thefoundingpresidentofourdemocraticnation,hasdeparted.
NelsonMandelahadbeensufferingfromalunginfectionforsometime.HespentthreemonthsinhospitalearlierthisyearbeforebeingallowedhomefortreatmentinSeptember.Thenewsofhisdeathmayhavebeenexpected,butthatdidn'tsoftentheblowformanySouthAfricans.
TheSouthAfricanpresidentJacobZumamadeatelevisedspeechannouncingdetailsofMrMandela'sfuneral.
JacobZuma:
He'llbelaidtorestonthe15thofDecemberinQunuintheEasternCapeProvince.Weshouldallworktogethertoorganizethemostbefittingfuneralforthisoutstandingsonofourcountryandthefatherofouryoungnation.
NelsonMandelaspent27yearsinjail,imprisonedbythewhiteminoritygovernmenttoservehiseffortstofightinjusticeofapartheid.Bythetimehegainedhisfreedomin1990,he'dcapturedtheimaginationofpeoplearoundtheworld.HisgreatestachievementwastothentakeSouthAfricaintoanewerawithoutthewidespreadbloodshedthathadbeenfeared.
ThememorialserviceforformerSouthAfricanPresidentNelsonMandelaissettobeoneofthelargestgatheringsofitskindingenerations.Tensofthousandsofmournersandalmost100foreignleadersareexpectedtoattendtheeventattheFNBstadiuminJohannesburg.
Audioscript:
ThepersonIadmiremostintheworldisNelsonMandela.HewasthePresidentofSouthAfricaduringthe1990s,butbeforethathespentmorethan25years,Ithink,inprison.Hewasputinprisonbecauseofhispoliticalbeliefs.HewantedtogetequalrightsforblackpeopleinSouthAfrica,andthegovernmentputhiminprisonbecauseofhispoliticalviews...um...hewasalawyerbeforehewenttoprisonandherepresentedhimselfathistrial.Someofthethingshesaidduringhistrialwereamazing.They'restillfamousspeeches,Ithink.
ThereasonthatIadmirehimisthatinspiteofthefactthathespentsuchalongtimeinprisonheneverchangedhisviews.Itwould'vebeenquiteeasyforhimtoperhapsstopcampaigningfortherightsofblackpeople,butheneverdidthat.Rightuntiltheendofhistimeinprison,hewasstillcampaigning.WhenIwenttoSouthAfrica,Imetsomebodywhowasinprisonwithhimanditwasamazingtohearabouthowtheywere...theyfounditsoeasytoforgivethegovernmentandthepeoplewho'dputtheminprison,theyweren'tbitterorangryaboutit.
Ithinkhe'sreallyinfluencedthewaypeoplethinkabouthowtheycanmakechanges,politicalchanges,bystandingbywhattheybelieveinandstatingtheirbeliefsveryclearly.
PartIVMoreaboutthetopic:
WorldWarIandII
Whatdowarsbringtopeople?
Death,suffering,destruction,atrocities.TwoWorldWarsinthetwentiethcenturywerecontinuousinbothtimeandspace.Theywerefoughtdayandnight,winterandsummer,overweeksandmonthsatatime.Intermsofliveslostandmaterialdestruction,WorldWarIIisthemostdevastatingwarinhumanhistory.
Audioscript:
TheshotsthatrangoutonthestreetsofSarajevoinJune1914weretochangetheworld.OnthatdayayoungSerbianassassinatedArchdukeFranzFerdinand,heirtothethroneofAustria-Hungary.Inretaliation,Austria-HungarydeclaredwaronSerbia.Decadesofsimmeringnationalistichostilitiesquicklywereunleashed.TheprincipalbelligerentsononesidewereAustria-HungaryandGermany,ontheother,Britain,France,Russia,andin1917,theUnitedStates.Itwascalledthewartoendallwars:
WorldWarI.
Forfouryearstheconflictraged,intrenchesandintheair,withbullets,grenadesandpoisongas.Bythesummerof1918,Germanforceswereundefeatedinthefield,althoughthealliednationshadhadsomesignificantsuccesses.ButthenGermany'sKaiserWilhelmIIabdicatedandGermanpoliticianswerelefttosueforpeace.
Morethan8millionsoldierswerekilledordiedduringthehostilities.Anestimated12millionciviliansalsoperished.Intheaftermathofthewar,hugechangesoccurred.ThecenterofwealthtransferredfromEuropetotheUnitedStates;thepoliticalmapofEuropewassignificantlyredrawn;andGermanywasleftinfinancialshambles,itspeopledriventothebrinkofstarvation,asituationthathelpedleadtotheriseofAdolfHitlerand,ultimately,WorldWarII