电梯发展史Elevator development history.docx

电梯发展史Elevator development history.docx

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电梯发展史Elevatordevelopmenthistory

电梯发展史（Elevatordevelopmenthistory）

电梯发展史（Elevatordevelopmenthistory）

Thefirstsectionoftheelevatorindustrydevelopment

Longago,peoplehaveusedsomeoftheoriginalliftingtoolfortransportingpeopleandgoods.Around1100BC,ourancestorsinventedthewheel,itusesrotatingdrumtofinishtheliftingmovement,thusincreasingtheliftheight.In236BC,theGreekmathematicianArchimedesdesignedliftingdeviceiscomposedofawinchandpulleyblock.Thedrivingforceoftheliftingtoolishumanoranimal.AtthebeginningofnineteenthCentury,inEuropeandtheUnitedStatesbegantousethesteamengineaspowerliftingtool.In1845,William?

Thomsondeveloped1setsofhydraulicelevatordrive,thehydraulicmediumiswater.Althoughtheliftingtoolisagenerationofinnovativeengineersforcontinuousimprovement,however,isnotwidelyrecognizedbyindustrylifts,firstliftsuntilthe1852worldsafebirth.

In1889,theelevatorbeganusingpowerdrivenrealelevator.TheelevatorinthedevelopmentofdrivingcontroltechnologythroughthecontrolofDCmotordrivecontrol,driveACsinglespeedmotordrivecontrol,ACdoublespeedmotor,dcgear,gearwithoutspeeddrivecontrol,ACvariablevoltagevariablespeeddrivecontrol,VVVFdrivecontrol,ACpermanentmagnetsynchronousmotordrivecontrolstage.

AttheendofnineteenthCentury,withWardLeonard-liftDCdrivecontrolsystem,theperformanceoftheelevatorsignificantlyimproved.AtthebeginningoftwentiethCentury,begantoliftdrivingACinductionmotor,thengroovewheel（i.e.tractiondrive）insteadoftheelevatorliftdrumdrumdrive,

whichlaidthefoundationforthelongstrokeandhighsecurityofmodernelevator.ThefirsthalfoftwentiethCentury,DCspeedcontrolsysteminalargeproportionofmediumandhighspeedelevator.

In1967,thethyristorforelevatordrive,ACvoltageregulatingdrivecontroloftheelevatorthere.In1983,theelevatorVVVFcontroloccurs,becauseofitsgoodspeedperformance,comfortandenergysavingquicklybecomeamainstreamproductintheelevator.

In1996,nomachineroomlesselevatortractionmachinegeardrivenACpermanentmagnetsynchronous,andaninnovationofelevatortechnology.Thetractionmachineandcontrolcabinetinwells,eliminatingtheindependentroom,saveconstructioncosts,increasetheeffectiveareaofthebuilding,improvethebuildingofarchitecturalaestheticsdesignfreedom.Thiselevatorhastheadvantagesofenergysaving,nooilpollution,nomaintenanceandhighsafety.

Thedevelopmentoftheelevatorcontrolmodethroughthehandleswitch,buttoncontrol,signalcontrol,setselectioncontrolprocessformultielevatorhasparallelcontrol,intelligentcontrol.

Now,theelevatorcompaniesaroundtheworldconstantlyliftthedevelopmentofnewproductsandthemaintenanceservicesystem,andstrivetomeetthepeopleofmodernarchitecturetheincreaseoftrafficdemand.

Thedevelopmentstatusofthesecondworldelevatorindustry

inrecentyears

InMay2000,SchindlerreleasedtheEuroliftmachineroomlesselevatorelevatorcompany.Itusesthehighstrengthnonsteelwireropecoresyntheticfiberropetractioncar

"SchindlerAramid".Permanentmagnetmotorgearlessmachinedrive.Eachtractionropecomprisesabout300thousandstrandsoffibers,thetractionropeis4timeslighterthantraditionalwirerope,

Graphitefiberropeconductorsembeddedinslightwearmakesitpossibletomonitorthechangeoftractionrope.

InMay2000,accordingtoElevatorWorldreports,ItalyMasperoelevatorcompanyinstalledarampelevatorinItalyBernsubwinterskiing,carininclinedshaftmovealongtheguiderail,rampelevatorisaramptraffictool.

In2000,Gen2releasedtheOTISelevatorwithoutmachineroom.Itusesflatwireropereinforcementtapetractionelevatorwireropereinforcementtape（coatedwithpolyurethaneflexiblematerial）.Gearlessmachinehasanelongatedshape,smallsize,easytoinstallonthetopsideofthesteelshaft.

From17toApril200220,MITSUBISHIMotorCompanyinthefifthsessionoftheinternationalChineseliftonexhibitionmodelescalatorhighspeedtiltsection.Candrivetherackstructurehingedtelescopicthestepintervalchangeatruntime,sothatthespeedchanges.Theinclinedsectionisabout1.5timesfasterthanthespeedoftheflatandslobber,soastoshortenthepassengerridingtime,butalsoimprovethesafetyand

stabilityofthepassengersontheescalator.

In2002,theTaipeiinternationalWorldFinancialCentreunderconstructionisexpectedtobecompletedin2004willinstallToshibaelevatorcompanyspeedof1010m/min（16.8m/s）ultrahighspeedelevator.Theelevatorisconnectedunderground1layerandeighty-ninthlayersightseeing,liftingheightis388m.

InFebruary2003,thecompanyreleasedanewOtisescalator,itusesNextStep?

Guarded?

Pedal,pedalandapronplatecascadeintoasinglemodulecoordinatedoperation;italsousessomeothernewtechnologiestoimprovetheescalatorsafety,anewescalator.

Thethirdsectionoftheworlddevelopmenttrendofelevatorindustry

Thenextroomelevatordemandwillbecomeabrightspotinthedevelopmentoftheelevator,therewillbemoredeveloperschoosemachineroomlesselevator,andthereisnoroomorliftpricestability,especiallythesafeandreliableofthefourthgenerationofelevatorwithoutmachineroom,willbecomeahotbuy.Atthesametime,liftthecooperationbetweenenterpriseswillhaveabettertrend.

Two,sightseeingelevatorstylewillbechangedinthepasthalfcircleanddiamondsituation,liketheWALESSplanesightseeingelevatoronlyintheoriginalpriceincreaseof8000yuanaremorepopularwithusers,andtheWALESS1/4Parksightseeingelevatorwithoutmachineroomcanmakethebuildingdesignand

constructionofmoresimple,morelowcost,hasbecomeverypopularinthefuturetourismelevator.Thereforeinthefuturesightseeingelevatorstylefromtheoriginal2increasedto5-6,sothattheusercanselectmoresightseeingstyle,andmeettheuserstochoosecheapsightseeingelevatoranddemandvillasightseeingelevator.

Three,residentialelevatordiversityandcomprehensivecostoptionsforthefuturedevelopmenttrend.Inthefuturethediversityofresidentialelevatorinaroomwithnorealliftandliftcoexist;cheapresidentialhigh-gradeelevatorcoexist;ordinaryresidentialandresidentialelevatorsightseeingelevatorcoexist.Atthesametime,developersinordertodevelopinterest,consideringintheelevatorshaftcivildesignandconstructionandinstallation,elevatorequipmentprocurementinmanyaspects,thereforenolongeronlyliftthepriceoftheequipment,andconsideringthecostwillgraduallybecomeoneofthebasicrequirementsforresidentialelevator.

Four,thefutureofelevatorcompaniesadvertisingcostswillbeincreasedthanbefore,

Itwillgivemoreconsiderationtothepracticalityandeffectivenessofadvertising.

Five,elevatorstandardizationproductionwillbeimplementedinsomeenterprises,throughthestandardizationofproductiontoreducetheproductioncostofserviceusers,improvethequalityofproductsisalsoatrendofelevatorproductdevelopment,andthistrendislikelytostartfromChinesego

global.

Six,installationandservicequalitycustomerservicewillbecomeanotherimportanttoimprovethefuturetrend,butalsoattachesgreatimportancetothetrainingandinstallationteamwillbeinthenextfewyearsoneoftheimportantteachingpoints.

Seven,andIthinkthatinthefuturesomeoftheoriginalbrandwillbeabrandnewtechnologyemergingthreats,Chineseelevatorindustrywillbemoreinvolvedininternationalcompetition,moreandmoreinvestorswillsharethecakeelevator.

Eight,energy-savingelevatoristhemaintrendofdevelopmentinthenextfewyears.Thedevelopmenttrendofelevatorindustryalsoforcedthepurchasingtrendchangeinpurchasingtrendswillalsoforcetheupdatedevelopmenttrendofelevatorindustryinlinewiththeneedtopurchaseinthenextfewyears,whetheritisthedevelopmentoftheindustryandprocurementtrends,willbecomethemaintrendofenergy-savingelevator.

ThedevelopmenttrendofthefourthsectionChinaelevatorindustry

Before1979,30yearssincethefoundingofnewChina,thenationalproductionofabout10thousandunitselevatorinstallation.TheelevatorismainlyDCandACdoublespeedelevatorelevator.Thedomesticelevatormanufacturersaround10.

InJuly4,1980,ChineseConstructionMachineryCorporation,SchindlerLimitedbyShareLtd,HongkongJardineSchindler（FarEast）3partyLimitedbyShareLtdjointventureChineseSchindlerElevatorCo.ltd..ThisisthefirstsinceChina'sreformandopeningupthemachineryindustryjointventure.ThejointventureincludingShanghaielevatorfactoryandBeijingelevatorfactory.Chineseelevatorindustrysincetheintroductionofforeigncapitalhavesetoffaboom

Chinaelevatorindustryintheintroductionofforeigncapitaltoenterthebigdevelopmentstageofthereal,Chinaelevatorindustrydevelopmenthistoryafter80scanbesaidthatthedevelopmenthistoryisaforeigninvestment,fromtheforeigncapitaltoentertheChineseelevatorindustryprocess,Sinoforeignjointventuresintheelevatorhasexperiencedthefollowingfourstages:

Sinoforeignjointventures,Chineseforeignholdingsgraduallybeganholding,basicallybyforeignholdings,allforeignholdingsorsoleproprietorship.Thespecifictimeandsignasshowninthefollowingtable:

Table1ofChina'sannualgrowthofmilepostlift

China'sannualoutputgrowthofmilepostlift

Particularyear

Milepost

Thea