高考外研版高中英语一轮复习讲义必修5 Module 1 British and American English.docx

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高考外研版高中英语一轮复习讲义必修5 Module 1 British and American English.docx

高考外研版高中英语一轮复习讲义必修5Module1BritishandAmericanEnglish

Module1 BritishandAmericanEnglish

[单词 拼写应用]

核心单词

1.accentn.口音

2.comparevt.比较

3.steadilyadv.不断地;持续地

4.rapidlyadv.迅速地

5.announcementn.声明;宣告

6.presentvt.陈述;提出(观点、计划等)

7.attemptn.努力;尝试

8.lookn.外观;外表;样子

9.criticisevt.批评

10.standardadj.标准的

[语境运用] 用所给词的适当形式填空。

1.Englishspeakersespeciallyfindforeignlanguagesandaccents(accent)veryattractiveandlovetohearthem.

2.Ineverchosepeoplejustbecauseoftheirlooks(look).

3.Theclimbersattempted(attempt)toreachthetopofthemountain,butfailed.

4.Heisplanningtopresent(present)hisopinionatthemeetingtobeheldnextweek.

5.Idon'tmindhercriticising(criticise)me,butitishowshedoesitthatIobjectto.

拓展单词

1.obviousadj.显然的,显而易见的→obviouslyadv.显然地,明显地

2.confusevt.使困惑→confusingadj.令人困惑的;难懂的→confusedadj.感到困惑的→confusionn.困惑

3.varyv.改变;使变化→varietyn.种类→variousadj.各种各样的

4.differvi.不同,有区别→differencen.不同;区别→differentadj.不同的,有区别的

5.remarkn.&v.评论;讲话→remarkableadj.显著的;非凡的

6.simpleadj.简单的→simplyadv.简单地;仅仅;不过→simplifyvt.简化

7.combinev.结合;联合→combinationn.组合;结合

8.referv.参考;查阅;提到→referencen.参考;查阅

[语境运用] 用所给词的适当形式填空。

1.Hemadesimpleremarksonherremarkablechievements.(remark)

2.Thereferencebooktheteacherreferredtojustnowissaidtobepopularamongstudents.(refer)

3.Leavesarefoundonvarietiesoftrees,buttheyvarygreatlyinsizeandshape.(vary)

4.Thebookexplainsgrammarsimplyandclearly,becausetheauthorusedsimpleexamplesentencestosimplifyabstractconcepts.(simple)

5.Theyconfusedmebyaskingsomanyconfusingquestions.Iwastotallyconfused,standingthereinconfusion,notknowingwhattodo.(confuse)

6.Fromtheappearance,wecannottellthedifferencebetweenthetwins,thoughtheyalwayshavesomedifferentideas.Asforthisphenomenon,ideasdifferamongmanypeople.(differ)

阅读单词

1.motorwayn.(英)高速公路

2.undergroundn.(英)地铁

3.subwayn.(美)地铁

4.queuevi.(英)排队(等候)

5.settlern.移民;定居者

6.satelliten.卫星

7.structuren.结构;体系

8.editionn.(广播、电视节目的)期;版

9.distinctiveadj.与众不同的

拓展联想

1.过去式和过去分词需双写最后一个辅音字母的常见动词

①admit—admitted—admitted

②prefer—preferred—preferred

③refer—referred—referred

2.“评论”名词一览

①remark评论;讲话

②criticism批评;评论

③comment评论;意见

④review复习;评论

3.-ify结尾动词清单

①beautify美化;使美丽

②classify分类

③clarify澄清

④identify鉴定;识别

[短语 多维运用]

高频短语

1.makeadifference有影响,使不相同

2.getaround四处走动(旅行)

3.queueup/standinline排队

4.pickup学会;拾起,捡起;收听(广播);恢复

5.thanksto多亏;幸亏

6.afterall毕竟,终究

[语境运用] 选用左面短语的适当形式填空。

Theoldmanlikes①gettingaroundinthetown.Butonedaywhile②queuingup/standinginlineforthebus,hesuddenlylosthisconsciousness.③Thankstothehelpofthepeoplepresent,hewassenttothenearesthospital.Nowhishealth④haspickedup.Soitcanbeconcludedthatgivingahelpinghandwill⑤makeadifference.

7.have...incommon有相同的特点

8.besimilarto与……相似

9.leadto引起;导致

10.infavourof支持;同意

11.referto...as...称……为……

[语境运用] 选用左面短语的适当形式填空。

Theyaregoodfriendsand⑥havemuch⑦incommon.Inotherwords,they⑧aresimilartoeachotherinmanyways.Theybothbelievethathardwork⑨leadstosuccess,and⑩refertoit⑪astheirmotto.

拓展联想

1.to为介词的短语荟萃

①objectto反对

②devote...to献身于

③be/getusedto习惯于

④beaccustomedto习惯于

2.“in+n.+of”短语大比拼

①inviewof鉴于,考虑到

②inmemoryof纪念……

③intermsof就……而言

④inchargeof主管,掌管

3.“make+a+n.”短语荟萃

①makeacontribution做贡献

②makeamistake犯错误

③makeanoise发出噪音

[句式 结构仿写]

教材原句背诵

句式仿写应用

1.while作并列连词,表对比,意为“而,却”。

TheBritishsayHaveyougot...?

whileAmericanspreferDoyouhave...?

东南部雨量充足,而西北部则很少下雨。

Thereisplentyofraininthesoutheast,whilethere'slittleinthenorthwest.

2.havedifficulty(in)doingsth.做某事有困难。

ALondonerhasmoredifficultyunderstandingaScotsmanfromGlasgowthanunderstandingaNewYorker.

由于缺乏独立,目前大部分学生很难适应大学生活。

Forlackofindependence,moststudentshavegreatdifficultyadaptingtocollegelifeatpresent.

3.v.-ing短语作结果状语。

Bythe1850sitwassellingonemillioncopiesayear,makingitoneofthemostpopularschoolbooksever.

昨天我碰到了交通阻塞,所以延误了。

Mycarwascaughtinatrafficjamyesterday,thuscausingthedelay.

精讲4个考纲单词

1.comparev.比较,比喻,对照n.比较,对照

(1)单句语法填空

①Ateacherisoftencomparedtoacandle.That'sbecausetheirdevotiontoworkisbeyond/withoutcompare.

②Ihavehadsomedifficulties,buttheywerenothingcompared(compare)toyours.

(2)[链接写作]——句式升级

普通表达:

Ifyoucompareherworkwithhiswork,you'llfindhersismuchbetter.

①高级表达:

Comparingherworkwithhiswork,you'llfindhersismuchbetter.(现在分词短语作状语)

②高级表达:

Compareherworkwithhiswork,andyou'llfindhersismuchbetter.(祈使句+and+陈述句)

先理解再牢记

(1)compare...with...和……比较……

compare...to...把……比作……

comparedto/with与……相比(通常置于句首作状语)

(2)comparenotes交换意见

(3)beyond/withoutcompare无与伦比

[佳句背诵] ThepairgottogetherinParistocomparenotesoncurrentresearch.

2.differvi.不同,有区别

(1)单句改错

①Beforebirth,babiescantelladifferencebetweenloudsoundsandvoices.a→the

②Hannahisoneofmanyexamplesofyoungpeoplewhoaremakingdifferenceintheworld.Youcan,too!

making后加a

(2)[链接写作]——一句多译

英国英语和美国英语在语言的拼写方面有明显的区别。

①BritishEnglishdiffersobviouslyfromAmericanEnglishinpronunciationandspelling.(differ)

②BritishEnglishisobviouslydifferentfromAmericanEnglishinpronunciationandspelling.(different)

③ThereareobviousdifferencesbetweenBritishEnglishandAmericanEnglishinpronunciationandspelling.(difference)

先理解再牢记

(1)differfrom...in...与……在……方面不一样

(2)differencen.不同;区别

tellthedifferencebetween...and...区分……与……的差别

(3)differentadj.不同的;相异的

bedifferentfrom...in...在……方面不同;与……不同

[佳句背诵] —Onlythosewhohavealotincommoncangetalongwell.

—Ibegtodiffer.Oppositessometimesdoattract.

 

3.presentn.现在,目前;礼物vt.陈述;提出(观点、计划等);赠送adj.出席的,在场的;现在的,当前的

(1)写出下列句中present的词性及含义

①Thecompanypresentedamedaltohimonthedaywhenheretired.v.赠予

②Thepresentsituationistakingaturnforthebetter.adj.当前的

③Allthepeoplepresentatthepartywerehissupporters.adj.出席的

④Iwasextremelyinterestedintheideashepresentedinclass.vt.陈述;提出

⑤Wheneveryoubuyapresent,youshouldthinkaboutitfromthereceiver'spointofview.n.礼物

(2)[链接写作]——句式升级

普通表达:

Manyteachersandparentswerepresentatthegraduationceremonyof2018.

高级表达:

Presentatthegraduationceremonyof2018weremanyteachersandparents.(倒装句)

先理解再牢记

(1)presentsb.withsth.=presentsth.tosb.把某物赠给某人

(2)bepresentat...出席……

(3)atpresent现在;目前

forthepresent眼前;暂时

[佳句背诵] Happinessisnotsomethingyoupostponeforthefuture;itissomethingyoudesignforthepresent.—JimRohn

[名师点津] present用作形容词,表示“出席的;在场的”时,通常作表语或后置定语;表示“现在的;当前的”时,常用作前置定语。

4.attemptvt.企图,尝试n.努力,尝试

(1)单句语法填空

①Foryearsresearchershaveattemptedtoshow(show)thattelevisionisdangeroustochildren.

②Don'texpecttopassthedrivingtestatthefirstattempt.Afterall,you'vebeenlearningtodriveforonlyacoupleofdays.

(2)[链接写作]——一句多译

他试图通过考试,但是最后还是失败了。

①Heattemptedtopass/atpassingtheexam,buthefailedintheend.(attemptv.)

②Hemadeanattemptatpassing/topasstheexam,buthefailedintheend.(attemptn.)

先理解再牢记

(1)attempttodosth.尝试做某事

(2)makeanattemptatdoing/todosth.尝试做某事

atone'sfirstattempt第一次尝试

(3)attempted未遂的

[佳句背诵] Inanattempttoattractmorecustomers,theytookavarietyofmeasures.

诠释1个核心短语

leadto引起;导致;通向

(1)单句语法填空

①AsfarasIknow,itwasthecaraccidentduetodrunkdrivingthatledtohisbeingkilled(kill).

②Hisamazingintelligenceledhimtomake(make)manygreatdiscoveries.

(2)[链接写作]——完成句子

由一位向导带路,我们到达了西藏的一个小村庄。

在那里,我们发现当地人过着幸福的生活。

Withaguideleadingtheway,wearrivedatavillageinTibet,wherewefoundthelocalpeopleleadingahappylife.

先理解再牢记

(1)leadsb.to+n.带领某人到……;使某人得出(观点)

leadsb.todosth.使某人做某事

(2)leada...life过着……的生活

leadtheway引路,带路

[佳句背诵] Asweallknow,successliesinhardworkwhilelazinessleadstofailure.

[名师点津] leadto中的to为介词,后接名词、代词或v.-ing形式。

表示导致的词汇还有:

cause,resultin,bringabout。

突破1个高考句型

(教材P2)ALondonerhasmoredifficultyunderstandingaScotsmanfromGlasgowthanunderstandingaNewYorker.

伦敦人要听懂来自格拉斯哥的苏格兰人说话比听懂纽约人说话更难。

[句型公式] havedifficulty(in)doingsth.做某事有困难。

(1)单句语法填空

①—Didyouhavedifficultyfinding(find)Ann'shouse?

—Notreally.Shehadgivenuscleardirectionsandwewereabletofinditeasily.

②Youhavenodifficultyremembering(remember)thenewwordssoyoucan'timaginethedifficultyIhavelearning(learn)thembyheart.

③Wheneverwehavetroublewithourstudies,ourteachersalwayshelpuspatiently.

(2)[链接写作]——词汇升级

普通表达:

Theyhaddifficultyworkingouttheproblem.Youcan'timaginethedifficulty.

高级表达:

Youcan'timaginewhatdifficultytheyhadworkingouttheproblem.(用定语从句并用感叹句)

先理解再牢记

表示“做某事(没)有困难”的常见结构:

havedifficulty/troublewithsth.

havetrouble/problems/ahardtime(in)doingsth.

There'sdifficulty/troublewithsth./(in)doingsth.

[佳句背诵] Ihadconsiderabledifficulty(in)persuadinghertoleave.

Ⅰ.单句语法填空

1.Whencompared(compare)withthesizeofthewholeearth,thehighestmountaindoesn'tseemhighatall.

2.ThevisitingMinisterexpressedhissatisfactionwiththetalks,adding(add)thatheenjoyedhisstayhere.

3.Weshouldputasideourdifferencesanddiscussthethingswehaveincommon.

4.Studieshaveshownthattoomuchcontrolofemotioncanleadtobloodpressure,hearingproblemsandotherillnesses.

5.Morehigh-speedrailshavebeenbuiltinChinasince2018,making(make)itmucheasierforpeopletotravelfromoneplacetoanother.

6.Manychildrenseldomcommunicatewithadults,makingitdifficultfortheirparentstoknow(know)whattheyarethinkingabout.

7.Youcanhardlyimaginethedifficultythepoorwomanhadbringing(bring)upherth

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