高考英语阅读理解精读基础版二.docx

高考英语阅读理解精读基础版二.docx

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高考英语阅读理解精读基础版二

Passage1

FarfromthelandofAntarctica（南极洲）,ahugeshelfoficemeetstheocean.Attheundersideoftheshelftherelivesasmallfish,theAntarcticcod.

Forfortyyearsscientistshavebeencuriousaboutthatfish.Howdoesitlivewheremostfishwouldfreezetodeath?

Itmusthavesomesecret.TheAntarcticisnotacomfortableplacetoworkandresearchhasbeenslow.Nowitseemswehaveananswer.

Researchwasbegunbycuttingholesintheiceandcatchingthefish.Scientistsstudiedthefish’sbloodandmeasureditsfreezingpoint.

Thefishweretakenfromseawaterthathadatemperatureof-1.88°Candmanytinypiecesoficefloatinginit.Thebloodofthefishdidnotbegintofreezeuntilitstemperaturewasloweredto-2.05°C.Thatsmalldifferenceisenoughforthefishtoliveatthefreezingtemperatureoftheice-saltmixture.

Thescientists’nextresearchjobwasclear:

Findoutwhatinthefish’sbloodkeptitfromfreezing.Theirsearchledtosomereallystrangethingmadeupofaprotein（蛋白质）neverbeforeseeninthebloodofafish.Whenitwasremoved,thebloodfrozeatseawatertemperature.Whenitwasputback,thebloodagainhaditsantifreezequalityandaloweredfreezingpoint.

Studyshowedthatitisanunusualkindofprotein.Ithasmanysmallsugarmolecules（分子）heldinspecialpositionswithineachbigproteinmolecule.Becauseofitssugarcontent,itiscalledaglycoprotein.Soithascometobecalledtheantifreezefishglycoprotein,orAFGP.

1.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?

A.TheterribleconditionsintheAntarctic.

B.Aspecialfishlivinginfreezingwaters.

C.TheiceshelfaroundAntarctica.

D.ProtectionoftheAntarcticcod.

2.WhycantheAntarcticcodliveatthefreezingtemperature?

A.Theseawaterhasatemperatureof-1.88°C.

B.itlovestoliveintheice-saltmixture.

C.Aspecialproteinkeepsitfromfreezing.

D.Itsbloodhasatemperaturelowerthan-2.05°C.

3.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”inParagraph5referto?

A.Atypeofice-saltmixture.

B.Anewlyfoundprotein.

C.Fishblood.

D.Sugarmolecule.

4.Whatdoes“glyco-”intheunderlinedword“glycoprotein”inthelastparagraphmean?

A.sugar

B.ice

C.blood

D.molecule

Passage2

IfyourbossasksyoutoworkinMoscowthisyear,he’dbetterofferyoumoremoneytodoso—orevendoublethatdependingonwhereyoulivenow.That’sbecauseMoscowhasjustbeenfoundtobetheworld’smostexpensivecityforthesecondyearinarowbyMercerHumanResourcesConsulting.

UsingthecostoflivinginNewYorkasabase,MercerdeterminedMoscowis34.4percentmoreexpensiveincludingthecostofhousing,transportation,food,clothing,householdgoodsandentertainment（娱乐）.

Atwo-bedroomflatinMoscownowcosts$4,000amonth;aCD$24.83,andaninternationalnewspaper$6.30,accordingtoMercer.Bycomparison,afastfoodmealwithahamburger（汉堡包）isastealat$4.80.

LondontakestheNo.2place,upfromNo.5ayearago,thankstohighercostofhousingandastrongerBritishpoundrelativetothedollar.Mercerestimates（估算）Londonis26percentmoreexpensivethanNewYorkthesedays.FollowingLondoncloselyareSeoulandTokyo,bothofwhichare22percentmoreexpensivethanNewYork,whileNo.5HongKongis19percentmorecostly.

AmongNorthAmericancities,NewYorkandLosAngelesarethemostexpensiveandaretheonlytwolistedinthetop50oftheworld’smostexpensivecities.Butbothhavefallensincelastyear’sstudy—NewYorkcamein15th,downfrom10thplace,whileLosAngelesfellto42ndfrom29thplaceayearago.SanFranciscocameinadistantthirdatNo.54,down20placesfromayearearlier.

Toronto,meanwhile,isCanada’smostexpensivecitybutfell35placestotake82ndplaceworldwide.InAustralia,SydneyisthepriciestplacetoliveinandNo.21worldwide.

5.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“asteal”inParagraph3mean?

A.anactofstealing

B.somethingdelicious

C.somethingverycheap

D.anactofbuying

6.Londonhasbecomethesecondmostexpensivecitybecauseof__________.

A.thehighcostofclothing

B.thestrongerpoundagainstthedollar

C.itsexpensivetransportation

D.thehighpricesoffastfoodmeals

7.Whichcityisthethirdmostexpensiveonthelist?

A.Tokyo.

B.HongKong.

C.Moscow.

D.Sydney.

8.WhichcityhasdroppedmostonthelistinNorthAmerica?

A.NewYork.

B.LosAngeles.

C.SanFrancisco.

D.Toronto.

Passage3

ItalianLakesandGreekIslands（12Days）

Pricesstartingfrom$1,999

YourtourbeginsinMilan,Italy,andmovesontotheprettyItalianLakeDistrictandtheattractiveresort（胜地）ofStresa,yourhomefortwonights.ColletteVacationshascarefullychosentheCostaVictoriaasyourhomeawayfromhomeforyour7-nightjourneyalongthewaterwaysoftheMediterranean.ThecruiseshipisfilledwiththewarmthandcultureofItalyandisrichlydesignedwithentertainment（娱乐）areasandverygoodlivingconditions.Itwilltakeyoutotheplacesofyourdreams.

You'llspend4daystouringGreekcitiesyou'vealwaysheardabout.InKatakolon,youwillhavetheonlyunguidedtourtonearbyOlympiaonthewholejourney.ThenwithalocalguideyouwillvisittheGreekislandsofSantorini,whichisoftenrelatedtothestoryofthelostcityofAtlantis,andMykonos,awonderfulislandwithbeautifulbeaches.

YourjourneyendsinVerona,homeofthelovestoryRomeoandJuliet,withafun-filledfarewelldinner—aperfectendingtoapleasantjourney.

12Day,25Meals:

10Breakfasts,6Lunches,9Dinners

Day1

OvernightflighttoItaly

Day2-3

ReginaPalace,Stresa,Italy

Day4-10

CostaVictoria（Costacruises）

Day11

HotelLeopardi,Verona,Italy

Day12

Leaveforhome

PleaseNote:

Leavingdate

Priceforoneperson

April7

$2,099

June2

$2,199

October6

$2,099

November3

$1,999

9.Howisthejourneyplanned?

A.ItstartsandendsinItaly. 

B.ItstartsandendsinGreece.

C.ItstartsinItalyandendsinGreece.  

D.ItstartsinGreeceandendsinItaly.

10.Whatcanbeinferredfromthetravelplan?

A.Thepricemaygetlowerthanthoseintheplan.

B.Thepricesincludethreemealsaday.

C.Thepriceisthehighestinsummer.

D.Thepricesincludeentertainmentservice.

11.Whatdoestheunderlinedpart“theCostaVictoria”mostprobablyreferto?

A.Afamoushotel.

B.Abeautifulresort.

C.Acomfortableship.

D.Along-distancebus.

12.Touristswilltravelontheirownin__________.

A.Stresa

B.Olympia

C.Mykonos

D.Verona

Passage4

Whattimeisit?

Mostpeopleareprettyaccurateintheiranswer.Andifyoudon’tknowforsure,it’sverylikelythatyoucanfindout.Theremaybeawatchonyourwrist;theremaybeaclockonthewall,desk,orcomputerscreen;ormaybeyou’reridinginacarthathasaclockinthedashboard（仪表板）.

Evenifyoudon’thaveatimepieceofsomesortnearby,yourbodykeepsitsownbeat.Humanshaveaninternalclockthatregulates（调节）thebeatingofourheart,thepaceofourbreathing,thedischarge（排出）ofchemicalswithinourbloodstream,andmanyotherbodilyfunctions.

Timeissomethingfromwhichwecan’tescape.Evenifweignoreit,it’sstillgoingby,tickingaway,secondbysecond,minutebyminute,hourbyhour.Sothemainissueinusingyourtimewellis,“Who’sincharge?

”Wecanallowtimetoslipbyandletitbeourenemy.Orwecantakecontrolofitandmakeitourally.

Bytakingcontrolofhowyouspendyourtime,you’llincreaseyourchancesofbecomingamoresuccessfulstudent.Perhapsmoreimportantly,thebetteryouareatmanagingthetimeyoudevotetoyourstudies,themoretimeyou’llhavetospendonyouroutsideinterests.

Theaimoftimemanagementisnottoscheduleeverymomentsowebecomeslavesofatimetablethatgovernseverywakingmomentoftheday.Instead,theaimistomakeinformedchoicesastohowweuseourtime.Ratherthanlettingthedaygoby,largelywithoutourawareness,whatwearegoingtodiscussnextcanmakeusbetterabletocontroltimeforourownpurposes.

13.Theunderlinedword“ally”inPara.3mostlikelymeanssomebodyorsomethingthatis__________.

A.yourslaveandservesyou

B.yoursupporterandhelpsyou

C.underyourcontrolandobeysyou

D.underyourinfluenceandfollowsyou

14.Theauthorintendstotellusthattime_____________.

A.couldberegulatedbyatimepiecesuchasaclockorawatch

B.couldbemanagedbytheinternalclockofhumanbodies

C.shouldbewellmanagedforourowninterest

D.shouldbesavedforoutsideinterests

15.Inthenextpart,theauthorwouldmostprobablydiscusswithyou___________.

A.howtokeepupwiththetimes

B.howtomakeupforlosttime

C.howtohaveagoodtime

D.howtomakegooduseoftime

Passage5

Foryearswehavebeentoldthatencouragingachild’sself-respectisimportanttohisorhersuccessinlife.Butchildexpertsarenowlearningthattoomuchpraisecanleadtotheoppositeeffect,Praise-aholickidswhoexpectitateveryturnmaybecometeenswhoseekthesamekindofapprovalfromtheirfriendswhenaskediftheywanttogointhebackseatofthecar.

Theimplication（含义）ofsaying“Youaretheprettiestgirlinclass,”ortalkingaboutthegoalsshescoredbutnotheroveralleffort,isthatyouloveheronlywhenshelooksthebest,scoresthehighest,achievesthemost.Andthiscarriesovertotheclassroom.

SocialpsychologistCarolDweck,PhD,testedtheeffectsofoverpraiseon400fifthgraderswhileshewasatColumbiaUniversity.Shefoundthatkidspraisedfor“tryinghard”didbetterontestsandweremorelikelytotakeondifficultassignmentsthanthosepraisedfo