考研英语阅读.docx

考研英语阅读.docx

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考研英语阅读

2015年Text1

1---①KingJuanCarlosofSpainonceinsisted“kingsdon’tabdicate,theydieintheirsleep.”②ButembarrassingscandalsandthepopularityoftherepublicanleftintherecentEuro-electionshaveforcedhimtoeathiswordsandstanddown.

③So,doestheSpanishcrisissuggestthatmonarchyisseeingitslastdays?

④DoesthatmeanthewritingisonthewallforallEuropeanroyals,withtheirmagnificentuniformsandmajesticlifestyle?

2---①TheSpanishcaseprovidesargumentsbothforandagainstmonarchy.②Whenpublicopinionisparticularlypolarised,asitwasfollowingtheendoftheFrancoregime,monarchscanriseabove“mere”politicsand“embody”aspiritofnationalunity.

3---①Itisthisapparenttranscendenceofpoliticsthatexplainsmonarchs’continuingpopularityasheadsofstate.②Andalso,theMiddleEastexcepted,Europeisthemostmonarch-infestedregionintheworld,with10kingdoms（notcountingVaticanCityandAndorra）.

③ButunliketheirabsolutistcounterpartsintheGulfandAsia,mostroyalfamilieshavesurvivedbecausetheyallowvoterstoavoidthedifficultsearchforanon-controversialbutrespectedpublicfigure.

4---①Evenso,kingsandqueensundoubtedlyhaveadownside.②Symbolicofnationalunityastheyclaimtobe,theirveryhistory—andsometimesthewaytheybehavetoday—embodiesoutdatedandindefensibleprivilegesandinequalities.

③AtatimewhenThomasPikettyandothereconomistsarewarningofrisinginequalityandtheincreasingpowerofinheritedwealth,itisbizarrethatwealthyaristocraticfamiliesshouldstillbethesymbolicheartofmoderndemocraticstates.

5---①Themostsuccessfulmonarchiesstrivetoabandonorhidetheiroldaristocraticways.②Princesandprincesseshaveday-jobsandridebicycles,nothorses（orhelicopters）.

③Evenso,thesearewealthyfamilieswhopartywiththeinternational1%,andmediaintrusivenessmakesitincreasinglydifficulttomaintaintherightimage.

6---①WhileEurope’smonarchieswillnodoubtbesmartenoughtosurviveforsometimetocome,itistheBritishroyalswhohavemosttofearfromtheSpanishexample.

7---①ItisonlytheQueenwhohaspreservedthemonarchy’sreputationwithherratherordinary（ifwell-heeled）grannystyle.②ThedangerwillcomewithCharles,whohasbothanexpensivetasteoflifestyleandaprettyhierarchicalviewoftheworld.

③Hehasfailedtounderstandthatmonarchieshavelargelysurvivedbecausetheyprovideaservice—asnon-controversialandnon-politicalheadsofstate.④CharlesoughttoknowthatasEnglishhistoryshows,itiskings,notrepublicans,whoarethemonarchy’sworstenemies.

21、Accordingtothefirsttwoparagraphs,kingJuanCarlofspan__________.

[A]easedhisrelationshipwithhisrivals

[B]usedtoenjoyhighpublicsupport

　　[C]wasunpopularamongEuropeanroyals

　　[D]endedhisregininembarrassment

22、MonarchsarekeptasheadofstateinEuropeanmostly__________.

　　[A]togivevotersmorepublicfigurestolookupto

[B]toachieveabalancebetweentraditionandreality

[C]owingtotheirundoubtedandrespectablestatus

　　[D]duetotheireverlastingpoliticalembodiment

23.Whichofthefollowingisshowntobeodd,accordingtoParagraph4?

　　[A]Aristocrats’excessiverelianceoninheritedwealth.

　　[B]Theroleofthenobilityinmoderndemocracies.

[C]Thesimplelifestyleofthearistocraticfamilies.

　　[D]Thenobility’sadherencetotheirprivileges.

24.TheBritishroyals“havemosttofear”becauseCharles__________.

　　[A]failstoadapthimselftohisfuturerole.

　　[B]failstochangehislifestyleasadvised.

　　[C]takesrepublicansashispotentialallies.

　　[D]takesatoughlineonpoliticalissues.

25.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleofthetext?

　　[A]Carlos,GloryandDisgraceCombined

[B]Charles,AnxioustoSucceedtotheThrone

[C]Carlos,aLessonforAllEuropeanMonarchs

　　[D]Charles,SlowtoReacttotheComingThreats

2015年Text2

1---①JusthowmuchdoestheConstitutionprotectyourdigitaldata?

②TheSupremeCourtwillnowconsiderwhetherpolicecansearchthecontentsofamobilephonewithoutawarrantifthephoneisonoraroundapersonduringanarrest.

2---①Californiahasaskedthejusticestorefrainfromasweepingruling,particularlyonethatupsetstheoldassumptionthatauthoritiesmaysearchthroughthepossessionsofsuspectsatthetimeoftheirarrest.②Itishard,thestateargues,forjudgestoassesstheimplicationsofnewandrapidlychangingtechnologies.

3---①ThecourtwouldberecklesslymodestifitfollowedCalifornia’sadvice.②Enoughoftheimplicationsarediscernable,evenobvious,sothatthejusticescanandshouldprovideupdatedguidelinestopolice,lawyersanddefendants.

4---①TheyshouldstartbydiscardingCalifornia’slameargumentthatexploringthecontentsofasmartphone—avaststorehouseofdigitalinformation—issimilarto,say,goingthroughasuspect’spurse.

②Thecourthasruledthatpolicedon’tviolatetheFourthAmendmentwhentheygothroughthewalletorpocketbookofanarresteewithoutawarrant.③Butexploringone’ssmartphoneismorelikeenteringhisorherhome.

④Asmartphonemaycontainanarrestee’sreadinghistory,financialhistory,medicalhistoryandcomprehensiverecordsofrecentcorrespondence.⑤Thedevelopmentof“cloudcomputing,”meanwhile,hasmadethatexplorationsomuchtheeasier.

5---①Americansshouldtakestepstoprotecttheirdigitalprivacy.②Butkeepingsensitiveinformationonthesedevicesisincreasinglyarequirementofnormallife.

③CitizensstillhavearighttoexpectprivatedocumentstoremainprivateandprotectedbytheConstitution’sprohibitiononunreasonablesearches.

6---①Assooftenisthecase,statingthatprincipledoesn’teasethechallengeofline-drawing.②Inmanycases,itwouldnotbeoverlyburdensomeforauthoritiestoobtainawarranttosearchthroughphonecontents.

③TheycouldstillinvalidateFourthAmendmentprotectionswhenfacingsevere,urgentcircumstances,andtheycouldtakereasonablemeasurestoensurethatphonedataarenoterasedoralteredwhilewaitingforawarrant.

④Thecourt,though,maywanttoallowroomforpolicetocitesituationswheretheyareentitledtomorefreedom.

7---①ButthejusticesshouldnotswallowCalifornia’sargumentwhole.②New,disruptivetechnologysometimesdemandsnovelapplicationsoftheConstitution’sprotections.

③OrinKerr,alawprofessor,comparestheexplosionandaccessibilityofdigitalinformationinthe21stcenturywiththeestablishmentofautomobileuseasavirtualnecessityoflifeinthe20th:

Thejusticeshadtospecifynovelrulesforthenewpersonaldomainofthepassengercarthen;theymustsortouthowtheFourthAmendmentappliestodigitalinformationnow.

26.TheSupremecourtwillworkoutwhether,duringanarrest,itislegitimateto__________.

　　[A]preventsuspectsfromdeletingtheirphonecontents

[B]searchforsuspects’mobilephoneswithoutawarrant

　　[C]checksuspects’phonecontentswithoutbeingauthorized

　　[D]prohibitsuspectsfromusingtheirmobilephones

27.Theauthor’sattitudetowardCalifornia’sargumentisoneof__________.

　　[A]disapproval[B]indifference　[C]tolerance　　[D]cautiousness

28.Theauthorbelievesthatexploringone’sphonecontentiscomparableto__________.

　[A]goingthroughone’swallet

[B]handlingone’shistoricalrecords

　　[C]scanningone’scorrespondences

　[D]gettingintoone’sresidence

29.InParagraph5and6,theauthorshowshisconcernthat__________.

　　[A]principlesarehardtobeclearlyexpressed

　　[B]thecourtisgivingpolicelessroomforaction

　　[C]phonesareusedtostoresensitiveinformation

　　[D]citizens’privacyisnoteffectiveprotected

30.OrinKerr’scomparisonisquotedtoindicatethat__________.

[A]theConstitutionshouldbeimplementedflexibly

[B]principlesoftheConstitutionshouldneverbealtered

　[C]California’sargumentviolatesprinciplesoftheConstitution

　[D]newtechnologyrequiresreinterpretationoftheConstitution

2015年Text3

1---①ThejournalScienceisaddinganextraroundofstatisticalcheckstoitspeer-reviewprocess,editor-in-chiefMarciaMcNuttannouncedtoday.

②Thepolicyfollowssimilareffortsfromotherjournals,afterwidespreadconcernthatbasicmistakesindataanalysisarecontributingtotheirreproducibilityofmanypublishedresearchfindings.

2---①“Readersmusthaveconfidenceintheconclusionspublishedinourjournal,”writesMcNuttinaneditorial.②WorkingwiththeAmericanStatisticalAssociation,thejournalhasappointedsevenexpertstoastatisticsboardofreviewingeditors（SBoRE）.

③Manuscriptswillbeflaggedupforadditionalscrutinybythejournal’sinternaleditors,orbyitsexistingBoardofReviewingEditorsorbyoutsidepeerreviewers.④TheSBoREpanelwillthenfindexternalstatisticianstoreviewthesemanuscripts.

3---①Askedwhetheranyparticularpapershadimpelledthechange,McNuttsaid:

“Thecreationofthe‘statisticsboard’wasmotivatedbyconcernsbroadlywiththeapplicationofstatisticsanddataanalysisinscientificresearchandispartofScience’soveralldrivetoincreasereproducibilityintheresearchwepublish.”

4---①GiovanniParmigiani,abiostatisticianattheHarvardSchoolofPublicHealth,amemberoftheSBoREgroup,saysheexpectstheboardto“playprimarilyanadvisoryrole.”

②Heagreedtojoinbecausehe“foundtheforesightbehindtheestablishmentoftheSBoREtobenovel,uniqueandlikelytohavealastingimpact.

③ThisimpactwillnotonlybethroughthepublicationsinScienceitself,buthopefullythroughalargergroupofpublishingplacesthatmaywanttomodeltheirapproachafterScience.”

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