sat 真题.docx

sat 真题.docx

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sat真题

Qusetions6-9arebasedonthefollowingpassages.

Passage1

Liarsmaybetraythemselvesthroughlinguistic

mistakes,butthemainsourcesofbetrayalaretheemotions.

Emotionrevealsitself,sometimesincontradictoryways,

invoice,bodyandface.Deceptionstypicallyinvolveline

tryingtoconcealfeelingsthatareinappropriateortrying5

coverupthefear,guilt,anddistressthatmaybeprovoked

whenoneattemptstogetawaywithalie.Whenaperson

liesandhasanemotionalinvestmentinthesituation,a

perfectperformanceishardtocarryoff.Nonverbalclues

todeceptionleakout.Whatissurprisingisthatfewpeople10

makeuseofthesecluesandthusliarsgoundetected.

Passage2

Humanbeingsareterribleliedetectors.Instudies,

subjectsaskedtodistinguishtruthfromliesanswer

correctlyapproximatelyhalfthetime.Peopleareoften

ledastraybyanerroneoussenseofhowaliarhehaves.15

“Peopleholdastereotypeoftheliar–astormented,

anxious,andconscience-stricken,”researchersBella

DePauloandCharlesBondwrite.Clumsydeceivers

aresometimesvisiblyagitated,butingeneralthereisno

suchthingas“typical”deceptivebehavior.AsDePaulo20

says,“Tobeagoodliar,youdon’tneedtoknowwhat

behaviorsreallyseparateliarsfromtruthtellers,but

whatbehaviorspeoplethinkseparaatethem.”

6.Whichbestdescribestherelationshipbetweenthepassage?

（A）Passage1discusseslyingfromamoralstance,whereasPassage2examinesitfromalegalviewpoint.

（B）Passage1viewslyingasaskillthatislearned,whereasPassage2considersitaninstinctiveimpulse.

（C）Passage1claimsthatlyingischaracterizedbycertaindistinctivebehaviors,whereasPassage2largelyrejectsthatnotion.

（D）Passage1takesascientificapproachtolying,whereasPassage2discussesitfromananecdotalperspective.

（E）Passage1focusesontheeffectsoflying,whereasPassage2examinesitscauses.

7.Lines1-2,Passage1（“Liarsmay…emotions”）,andlines18-20,Passage2（“Clumsy…behavior”）,bothcontaininstancesof

（A）Simile

（B）paradox

（C）euphemism

（D）qualification

（E）understatement

8.TheauthorofPassage2wouldmostlikelydescribetheclaimabout“fear,guilt,anddistress”（lines6,Passage1）asa

（A）conventionalbutinaccurateperception

（B）plausibletheorythatmayprovetobecorrect

（C）misconceptionoflittlesignificance

（D）nonstandardviewthatisbasedonfaultyscience

（E）widespreadandwell-substantiatedbelief

9.Lines20-23（“As…them”）suggestthatBellaDePaulowouldmostlikelymaintainthatPassage1

（A）overlooksthebehaviorpatternsofthosewhotellthetruth

（B）presentstheverymisconceptionsthatpeopleoftenhaveaboutliars

（C）offersaperceptivepsychologicalanalysisofliars’deceptivebehaviors

（D）takesaoverlysympatheticviewofdeceptivebehavior

（E）overemphasizestheroleoflinguisticpatternsinlying

Questions16-24arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

ThispassageisadaptesfromtheautobiographicalcacountofajournalisttravelingthroughAfricatoreseachchimpanzees.

Ourwalkthroughtheforestwaslikeajourneythrough

anextendedundergroundcavern..Wewoundthrough

obscurepassages,outintosmallopeningsorgreatrooms,

andthentunneledbackintowindingpassageways.Towardline

theendoftheafternoon,wefollowedwhatseemedtobea5

largemovementofchimpanzeesintoonegreatopenroom

intheforest,relativelyclearexceptforcolumnsofnut

trees.Soonaboutadozenchimpswerehammeringaway,

usingloghammersonlogorrootanvils.

Wehadenteredafactory,butitwasalsoanursery.I10

turnedtowatchamotherplayingwithinfant,tickling

histoeswithplayfullittlenibblesandthenlookinginto

hislaughingfaceandeyeswiththemostamazinggaze

ofadoration.Elsewhere,threeadultfemaleshadsituated

themselvesinatreeandwerekissingandticklinganinfant,15

whowrithedwithapparentpleasure.Suddenly,theirfaces,

whichhadtakenonremarkableglowingexpressionsof

adoration,registeredinmymindasentirely

comprehensible,Iwaslookingatintelligentfaces

experiencinganemotinIcouldonlyimaginetobelove.20

Onecommentatorhassaidthatthebigdifference

betweenhumansandchimps（intelligentthoughthose

apesmaybe）isthathumanscaninventgreatwonders

oftechnology.“Iconsideredthedifferencebetween

menandanimals,”thispersonwrote.“Somewerevast.25

Achimpanzeecouldbetaughttodriveacar.Itcould

evenbetaughttobulidpartsofit.Butitcouldnotbegin

todesignit….Ourintellectisincomparablymore

sophisticatedthan[thatof]anyanimals.”Onehearsthis

sortofargumentoften,and,tomymind,itismere30

self-strokingpuffery.CouldyouorIbegintodesigna

car?

Hasanysinglehumanactuallydesignedacars?

Could

anyonepersonabandonedatbirthonadesertisland

somewhere–withoutpictures,communication,education,

orartifacts–eveninventatricycleorachild‘skiteora35

mousetrap?

Obviouslynot.Leftatbirthonadesertisland,

youandIandthatcommentatorwouldbeliftingand

droppingchunksofwoodorroundedstonesontohard

nuts–andbegladwefiguredthatoneout.

ThegreataccomplishmentofHemosapiensisnot40

Technology,whichhasbecomebiggerandscarierthan

weare,amixedblessing.Thegreataccomplishmentis

language,whichhasenabledustoaccumulateand

coordinateourachievements,insights,andminicreations.

Ourbigtechnologiesarecollectiveefforts,cultural45

Products,allandalwaysmadepossiblebylanguage.

Eventhesupposed“milestones”oftechnological

Advancement–theuseofmovabletype,totakeone

example–werecollectiveevents.JohannesGutenberg*

didn’tthinkupmovabletypewhole,inanisolatedstroke50

ofgenius.Hispartnerwasagoldsmith,hisfatherwasa

mintemployee,entirelyfamiliarwithsoftmetals.Printing

presseswereallaroundEuropebythen.Gutenberg’sgreat

geniuswastoassemble,revise,andmodifyalready

long–establishedtraditionsinmetallurgy,goldsmithing,55

andwoodblockprinting,nottomentionpapermakingand

pressdesign.

Ouronegreataccomplishmentislanguage,butourgreat

hopeistheinternalcompassthatmayenableustoguide

ourselvesandourtechnologicalpowersintothefuture:

our60

glowingcapacityforvaluingourownkindandforatleast

someempathybeyondourkind.Thehandliftingand

droppingthestoneislessimpressivethantheeyethatgazes

withlove.

*Gutenberg’stypesettingprocessmadethemassproductionoftextpossible.

16.Itcanbeinferredthatthe“chimps”mentionedinline8are

（A）usingsimpletoolstocrackopennuts

（B）expressingthemselvesbymakingalotofnoise

（C）taakingouttheiraggressionsonthenuttrees

（D）workingcooperativelyondifferenttasks

（E）mimickingtheworkhabitsofhumanbeings

17.Theauthorusestheword“factory”（line10）primarilytosuggestthat

（A）somechimpanzeesliveahighlyregimentedlife

（B）thesoundcreatedbythechimpanzees’activityisloudenoughtoimpairhearing

（C）thechimoanzeesaredoingproductiveworkcollectively

（D）onlythosechimpanzeeswhowanttoparticipateincommunalactivitiesdoso

（E）theactivityofthemalechimpanzeesdifferssignificantlyfromthatofthefemales

18.Inlines30-31（“it…puffery”）,theauthorcharacterizesthecommentaor’sargumentas

（A）uselessflattery

（B）exaggeratedself-regard

（C）wittyrepartee

（D）self-conscioushyperbole

（E）deliberatedistortion

19.Thequestionsinlines31-36serveprimarilyto

（A）suggestideasforfurtherresearch

（B）provideanexamplefomissingdata

（C）pointtoanalternativeexplanation

（D）debatewhetherknowledgeisincomplete

（E）implythatanargumentisflawed

20.Inlines40-42（“Thegreat…blessing”）,theauthercharacterizestechnologyas

（A）theaccomplishmentthatdistinguishesHomosapiensfromchimpanzees

（B）aphenomenonthathascometoovershadowthosewhodevelopedit

（C）aninevitablestepinthedevelopmentofhumanbeingsandtheirsocienties

（D）anachievementthathasgrownimpressivelyinimportanceovertime

（E）aforcethatisultimatelyshapedbythefearsofthosewhocreatedit

21.Accordingtotheauthor,the“greataccomplishmentislanguage”（lines42-43）becauseitallowshumanbeingsto

（A）combinesmall,individualadvancesintosomethinglargerandmoerpowerful

（B）expresstheiremotionsandshowtheirfeelingtowardoneanother

（C）workwitheachothersothatdangerousconflictscanbeavoided

（D）expressinconcreteformnotionsthatwouldotherwiseseemvagueandabstract

（E）demonstratethattheyaremoreintelligent,andthusmorecapable,thanchimpanzees

22.Theautherusestheword”supposed”inline47primarilyto

（A）signalaclaimthatiscounterintuitiveformostpeople

（B）makereferencetoaviewpointthatisknowntobecontroversial

（C）suggestthatacertainconceptmaynotbeentirelyaccurate

（D）indicateacompleteandtechnicallycorrectdefinition

（E）bolstertheclaimsofauthoritieswhoareoftencited

23.Whichbestdescribestherelationshipbetweenthe“internalcompass”（line59）andthecharacterizationofchimpanzeebehaviorsinthesecondparagraph（line10-20）?

（A）Oneshowsasophisticatedunderstanding,whiletheothershowsaless-developedcapacityforunderstanding

（B）Onedealswithnonverbalcommunication,whiletheotherdealswithcommunicationthroughlanguage

（C）Oneisanexampleofauniquelyhumanability,whiletheotherisanexampleforanabilitythatchimpanzeesmayormaynothave.

（D）Bothrepresenttheabilitytoh