职称英语考试综合A试题与答案.docx
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职称英语考试综合A试题与答案
2021年职称英语《综合类》试题A及答案
下面共有15个句子，每一个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线，请从每一个句子后面所给的4个选项当选择1个与划线部份意义最相近的词或短语。
1 Thenurseryis bright andcheerful.
ApleasantBclean CpeacefulDlarge
2Thiskindofmaterialwas seldom usedinbuildinghousesduringtheMiddleAges.
AneverBrarely CoftenDonly
3Peoplefrommanyplaceswere drawn tothecitybyitsgrowingeconomy.
AfetchedBcarried CattractedDpushed
4Thesoldier displayed remarkablecourageinthebattle.
AplacedBshowed CpointedDdecided
5 Howdoyou accountfor yourabsencefromtheclasslastThursday?
AexplainBexamine
CchooseDexpand
6 About onequarter oftheworkersinthecountryareemployedinfactories
AthirdBfourth
CtenthDfifteenth
7Shewas grateful tohimforbeingsogoodtoher.
AcarefulBhateful
CbeautifulDthankful
8Thereareonlyfiveminutesleft,butthe outcome ofthematchisstillindoubt.
AresultBjudgement
CestimationDevent
9Heis certain thatthedictionaryisjustwhatIwant.
AsureBangry
CdoubtfulDworried
10The last fewweekshavebeenenjoyable.
AcloseBnear
CpastDseveral
11Whatwerethe consequences ofthedecisionshehadmade?
AreasonsBresults
CcausesDbases
12Theydidn't realize howserioustheproblemwas
AknowBforget
CdoubtDremember
13Weshallkeepthemoneyina secure place
AcleanBsecret
CdistantDsafe
14Thegreatchangesofthecity astonished everyvisitortothatcity.
AattackedBsurprised
CattractedDinterested
15Thecityhasdecidedto doawaywith alltheoldbuildingsinitscentre
AgetridofBsetup
CrepairDpaint
参考答案：
2.B 3.C 4.B 5.A
6.B 7.D 8.A 9.A 10.C
11.B 12.A 13.D 14.B 15.A
阅读判定（第16～22题，每题1分，共7分）
阅读下面这篇短文，短文后列出了7个句子，请依照短文的内容对每一个句子做出判定。
若是该句提供的是正确信息，请在答题卡上把A涂黑;若是该句提供的是错误信息，请在答题卡上把B涂黑;若是该句的信息文章中没有提及，请在答题卡上把C涂黑。
TheIndustrialAgeandEmployment
Theindustrialagehasbeentheonlyperiodofhumanhistoryinwhichmostpeople'sworkhastakentheformofjobs.Theindustrialagemaynowbecomingtoanend,andsomeofthechangesinworkpatternswhichitbroughtmayhavetobereversed.Thisseemsadauntingthought.But,infact,itcouldoffertheprospectofabetterfutureforwork.Universalemployment,asitshistoryshows,hasnotmeanteconomicfreedom.
Employmentbecamewidespreadwhentheenclosuresofthe17thand18thcenturiesmademanypeopledependentonpaidworkbydeprivingthemoftheuseoftheland,andthusofthemeanstoprovidealivingforthemselves.Thenthefactorysystemdestroyedthecottageindustriesandremovedworkfrompeople'shomes.Later,astransportimproved,firstbyrailandthenbyroad,peoplecommutedlongerdistancestotheirplacesofemploymentuntil,eventually,manypeople'sworklostallconnectionwiththeirhomelivesandtheplacesinwhichtheylived.
Meanwhile,employmentputwomenatadisadvantage.Inpre-industrialtimes,menandwomenhadsharedtheproductiveworkofthehouseholdandvillagecommunity.Nowitbecamecustomaryforthehusbandtogoouttopaidemployment,leavingtheunpaidworkofthehomeandfamiliestohiswife.Taxandbenefitregulationsstillassumethisnormtoday,andrestrictmoreflexiblesharingofworkrolesbetweenthesexes.
Itwasnotonlywomenwhoseworkstatussuffered.Asemploymentbecamethedominantformofwork,youngpeopleandoldpeoplewereexcluded-aproblemnow,asmoreteenagersbecomefrustratedatschoolandmoreretiredpeoplewanttoliveactivelives.
Allthismaynowhavetochange.Thetimehascertainlycometoswitchsomeeffortandresourcesawayfromtheidealistgoalofcreatingjobsforall,totheurgentpracticaltaskofhelpingmanypeopletomanagewithoutfull-timejobs.
16Theestablishedworkpatternsmaybechangedwiththeclosingoftheindustrialage.
A RightB WrongC Notmentioned
17Universalemploymenthasbroughtabouteconomicfreedom.
A RightB WrongC Notmentioned
18Manypeopledependedonthelandforalivingbeforethe17thcentury.
A RightB WrongC Notmentioned
19Improvedtransportenabledpeopletotravellongerdistancestotheirworkplaces.
A RightB WrongC Notmentioned
20Employedwomenofequalqualificationsarepaidlessthanmen.
A RightB WrongC Notmentioned
21Alargenumberofteenagerswillquitschoolnextyear.
A RightB WrongC Notmentioned
22Nowisthetimetohandletheissueofemploymentinapracticalmanner.
A RightB WrongC Notmentioned
16.A 17.B 18.A 19.A20.C
21.C 22.A
归纳大意与完成句子（第23～30题，每题1分，共8分）
阅读下面这篇短文，短文后有2项测试任务：
（1）第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2～5段每段选择1个正确的小题目;
（2）第27～30题要求从所给的6个选项当选择4个正确选项，别离完成每一个句子。
请将答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上.
SearchingforSmiles
1 Askmostpeopleanywhereintheworldwhattheywantoutoflifeandthereplywillprobablybe:
"tobehappy."EdDeiner,anAmericanpsychologyprofessor,hasspenthis
wholeprofessionallifestudyingwhatmakespeoplehappy,comparinglevelsofhappinessbetweenculturesandtryingtofindoutexactlywhyweenjoyourselves.
2 Manypeoplewouldsaythatthisquestiondoesnotneedananswer.ButProfessorDeinerhasoneanyway."Ifyou'reacheerful,happyperson,yourmarriageismorelikelytolast,andyou'remorelikelytomakemoneyandbesuccessfulatyourjob.Onaverage,happypeoplehavestrongerimmune（免疫的）systems,andthereissomeevidencethattheylivelonger."
3 Sowhoaretheworld'shappiestpeople?
Itdependsonhowthewordisdefined.Thereisindividualhappiness,thesenseofjoywegetwhenwedosomethingwelike.Butthereisalsothefeelingofsatisfactionwegetwhenweknowthatothersrespectusandapproveofhowwebehave.AccordingtoProfessorDeiner,theWesternworldpursuesindividualhappinesswhileAsiaprefersmutualsatisfaction.
4 "IntheWest,theindividualistic（本位主义的）culturemeansthatyourmoodmattersmuchmorethanitdoesintheEast.Peopleaskthemselves,whatcanIdothat'sfunorinteresting?
Theybecomeunhappywhentheycan'tdoanyofthesethings.IfyouaskpeoplefromJapanorChinaiftheyarehappy,theytendtolookatwhathasgonewrongintheirlives.Ifnotmuchhasgonewrong,thentheyaresatisfied."
5 PeoplefromSpainandotherSpanish-speakingcountrieshadthehappiestculture,ProfessorDeinerfound."Thebiggestculturaldifferenceistodowithprideandshame.Hispanic（西班牙语言的）culturesreportmuchmoreprideandmuchlessshamethanothers."
6 Incomealsomadeabigdifferencetopeople'shappiness,butonlyatthelowestlevels.AverageincomeearnersintheUSweremuchhappierthanpeopleinpoverty.Butmillionaireswereonlyalittlebithappierthanpeopleonaverageincomes.Itseemsthatmoneymakesushappywhenwehaveenoughtofeelsecure.
7 Butcanwebetoohappy?
"Yougetpeoplewhoareactuallyhappy,buttheythinkhappinessissoimportantthattheytrytobeevenhappier.Thisdesiretobealwayshappyisaproductofindividualism,wheretheemphasisisonyouindividually,youremotionsandfeelinggood.Peoplecanendupfeelingunhappybecauseordinaryhappinessisnotgoodenoughforthem."
1 Paragraph2__________.
2 Paragraph3__________.
3 Paragraph4__________.
4 Paragraph5__________.
AHappiestCulture
BAnUnhappyPerson
CDefinitionofHappiness
DCulturalDifferencesinHappiness
EReasonstoBeHappy
FIndividualandOrdinaryHappiness
5 ProfessorDeinerhasspentmanyyearsstudying__________inhappiness.
6 ProfessorDeinerbelievesthatahappypersonislessprone（易患）to__________.
7 Oncewehavegotenoughtofeelsafe,moneydoesnotmake__________differencetoourhappiness.
8 AccordingtoProfessorDeiner,somepeoplefeelunhappybecausetheycannotappreciate__________.
A aquestion
B ordinaryhappiness
C individualism
D culturaldifferences
E much
F illnesses
23.E24.C25.D26.A27.D
28.F29.E30.B
阅读明白得（第1～15题，每题3分，共45分）
下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题，每道题后面都有4个选项。
请认真阅读短文并依照短文回答其后面的问题，从4个选项当选择1个最正确答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。
第一篇
SleepNecessaryforMemories
Burningthemidnightoilbeforeanexamorinterviewdoesharmtotheperformanceaccordingtoarecentresearchwhichfoundthatsleepisnecessaryformemoriestobetakenbackintothebrain.Agoodnight'ssleepwithin30hoursoftryingtorememberanewtaskisarequiredconditionofhavinggoodrecallintheweeksahead,scientistshavefound.
Theresearch,publishedintheDecemberissueofNatureNeuroscience,showedthatitwastheactofsleep,ratherthanthesimplepassageoftime,thatwascriticalforlong-termmemoryformation.
"Wethinkthatgettingthatfirstnight'ssleepstartstheprocessofmemoryconsolidation（巩固）,"saidRobertStickgold,asleepresearcheratHarvardMedicalSchoolwhoconductedthelateststudy.
"Itseemsthatmemoriesnormallywashoutofthebrainunlesssomeprocessnailsthemdown.Mysuspicionisthatsleepisoneofthosethingsthatdoestheflailingdown,"ProfessorStickgoldsaid.
Withaboutoneinfivepeopleclaimingthattheyaresochronicallyshortofsleepthatitaffectstheirdailyactivities,thelatestworkemphasizesthelesswell-understoodsideeffect-seriousmemoryimpairment（损害）.
Volunteersinanexperimentfounditeasiertorememberamemorytaskiftheywereallowedtosleepthatnight.Butforthosekeptawake,noamountofsubsequentsleepmadeupfortheinitialloss.
ProfessorStickgold'steamtrained24peopletoidentifythedirectionofthreediagonal（斜线形的）barsflashedforasixtiethofasecondonacomputerscreenfullofhorizontal（水平的）stripes.
Halfofthesubjectswerekeptawakethatnight,whiletheot
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