SAT官方指南OG 解析1整理版.docx

SAT官方指南OG 解析1整理版.docx

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SAT官方指南OG解析1整理版

SECTION1

SampleEssay-Scoreof6

Whatmotivatespeopletochangeisarelentlessandinnatedesireforself-improvement.Rarelyeverhashistoryseenamanorsocietykickback,relax,andsay“Wellthataboutdoesit.Notmuchelsetodohere!

”Withineverypersonisthepotentialtoachievegreatnessinsomeform;beitathletically,mentally,spiritually.Thisinherentpotentialdemandsthatpeoplecontinuetoexploreandchangeboththeirenvironmentsandthemselvesthroughouttheirlife’scourse.Nevershouldamanbeidlefortoolong.Afteracknowledgingthechangesamanhasalreadymadetohisenvironment,thepursuitofself-improvementwillonceagainstirwithinhissoulandcallhimtoaction.Thisinternaldesire,thispursuitofchallengeandperfection,doesnotprohibitmanfrombeinghappywithhisstatusandachievements.Onthecontrary,thedeviceservesmoretoallowthemantoconstantlystriveforgreaterchange,newerinnovation.Whatmotivatespeopletochangeistheongoingneedtoredefinepeople’slivesandidentities–toelevatethemtohigherlevelsofeminenceandsucess.

Agoodexampleofthiscanbeseeninclinicalpsychology.Whenpatientsseektherapyfordifficultiesthathaveencumberedtheirdailyfunctioning,theymostoftenarrivefortreatmentvoluntarilyandwillingly-theyconsciouslyacceptthenecessityoftherapyandsoparticipatewithoutanyduress.Duringthecourseofclinicaltherapy,thepatient’sconcerns,anxieties,ideas,emotions,andfearsarebroughttolight.However,thecliniciandoesnottrytoalterthebeliefs,feeling,andsentimentsofhisclient;rather,hesimplyilluminatestheminordertoprovidethepatientwithanaccurateviewofhimself.Theprocess,ofraisingconcernsandideastothesurfaceofconsciousawareness,isknownasclarification.ModernpsychologyisafarthrowfromthepsychoanalysisofFreud’stime,inwhichpsychologistsattemptedto“interpret”pre-andunconsciousfeelingsthathadbeenrepressedbythepatient.Becausecliniciansonlyclarify,andnotdissect,alter,orinterpretaclient’sinnerdesiresandemotions,theclienthimselfisresponsibleforinstitutingchange.Ifheistochange,hemustdictatethecourseoftherapy,andmaketheconsciouschoicetoimprovehimself.Thiswidelyusedapproachiscalled“clientcenteredtherapy.”Iftheclient’sennuiorillfeelingsareduetosituationalfactorsorinternaldesigns（asopposetobiologicalchangesthatwouldqualifyforadiagnosisofpsychopathology（mentaldisorder））,hemustchangethemonhisownaccordtoprecipitatechangewithinhimself.Thetherapistwillnot“cure”himinanyway.Healonemustanswerthecallwithinhimselftorefineandredefinehisidentityandplaceinsociety.Thisneed,ofself-improvement,alsoinitiallybroughthimtothetherapist.Hewasabletorecognizethedisorderofhisenvironmentandacknowledgehisownnegativefeelings.Thisinturnbroughthimtotherapy,wherehewasguidedthroughaprocessofintrospectionthatultimatelyenabledhimtoimprovehimself,assuagehisanxieties,andrightfullycontinueonhislifelongpursuitofevengreaterachievements.

SECTION2

1.ANSWERSANDEXPLANATIONS

ExplanationforCorrectAnswer D:

Choice（D）iscorrect.“Setting”meanstheplaceinwhichadramaoccurs.Ifoneweretoinsertthistermintothetext,thesentencewouldread,“ThesettingofMariaIreneFornes’playMud—arealisticroomperchedonadirtpile—challengesconventionalinterpretationsofstagescenery.”Stagesceneryisthekeycomponentofaplay’s“setting,”andthissceneryor“setting”isclearlyunconventional.

ExplanationforIncorrectAnswer A:

Choice（A）isincorrect.“Appeal”meansattractionorinterest.Ifoneweretoinsertthistermintothetext,thesentencewouldread,“TheappealofMariaIreneFornes’playMud—arealisticroomperchedonadirtpile—challengesconventionalinterpretationsofstagescenery.”Itisnottheattractionoftheplaythatchallengesconventionalinterpretations;itisthe“setting”oftheplaythatdoesso.

ExplanationforIncorrectAnswer B:

Choice（B）isincorrect.The“plot”istheplanofactionofaplay.Ifoneweretoinsertthistermintothetext,thesentencewouldread,“TheplotofMariaIreneFornes’playMud—arealisticroomperchedonadirtpile—challengesconventionalinterpretationsofstagescenery.”Thephrase“arealisticroomperchedonadirtpile”describesa“setting,”nota“plot.”

ExplanationforIncorrectAnswer C:

Choice（C）isincorrect.“Mood”meansastateofmindorfeeling.Ifoneweretoinsertthistermintothetext,thesentencewouldread,“ThemoodofMariaIreneFornes’playMud—arealisticroomperchedonadirtpile—challengesconventionalinterpretationsofstagescenery.”Nothinginthesentenceindicatestheplay’s“mood.”

ExplanationforIncorrectAnswer E:

Choice（E）isincorrect.A“rehearsal”isapracticerunofashowinpreparationforapublicperformance.Ifoneweretoinsertthistermintothetext,thesentencewouldread,“TherehearsalofMariaIreneFornes’playMud—arealisticroomperchedonadirtpile—challengesconventionalinterpretationsofstagescenery.”Itisthe“setting”oftheplay,notapracticerun-throughoftheplay,thatchallengesconventionalinterpretationsofstagescenery.

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2.ANSWERSANDEXPLANATIONS

ExplanationforCorrectAnswer B:

Choice（B）iscorrect."Overabundance"meansanamountthatismorethanwhatisneeded,and"thrive"meanstogroworprosper.Ifoneweretoinsertthesetermsintothetext,thesentencewouldread"Ironically,anaffluentsocietythatpurchasesmuchmorefoodthanitactuallyneedssuffersbecauseofthatoverabundance,sinceinconditionsofaffluencediseasesrelatedtoovereatingandpoornutritionseemtothrive."Inthissentence"thatoverabundance"refersbacktothephrase"morefoodthanitactuallyneeds."Itmakessensethatdiseasesrelatedtoovereatingwould"thrive,"orprosper,intheseconditions.Therelationshipbetweenthetwoclausesisfurthersignaledbytheword"ironically,"whichmeanstheoppositeofwhatwouldbeexpected.Itisironicthatanoverabundanceoffood,aconditionthatwouldappeartoresultingoodnutrition,actuallyleadstoanincreaseindiseasesrelatedtopoornutrition.

ExplanationforIncorrectAnswer A:

Choice（A）isincorrect."Lavishness"meansexcessivespending,and"adapt"meanstochangetofitnewcircumstances.Ifoneweretoinsertthesetermsintothetext,thesentencewouldread"Ironically,anaffluentsocietythatpurchasesmuchmorefoodthanitactuallyneedssuffersbecauseofthatlavishness,sinceinconditionsofaffluencediseasesrelatedtoovereatingandpoornutritionseemtoadapt."Althoughthefirsttermfitsinwellwiththeoverallsenseofthesentence,thesecondtermdoesnot.Diseasesareknownto"adapt"orchangetofitmanydifferentcircumstances;itwouldnotbeironicorunexpectedforachangetooccurinthissituation.

ExplanationforIncorrectAnswer C:

Choice（C）isincorrect."Corpulence"meansobesityorexcessiveweight,and"vex"meanstoannoy.Ifoneweretoinsertthesetermsintothetext,thesentencewouldread"Ironically,anaffluentsocietythatpurchasesmuchmorefoodthanitactuallyneedssuffersbecauseofthatcorpulence,sinceinconditionsofaffluencediseasesrelatedtoovereatingandpoornutritionseemtovex.""Corpulence"isatermthatrefersmoreproperlytopeoplethantosocialconditions,anddiseasesaregenerallymorelikelytocausemajordiscomfortthanminorannoyance.

ExplanationforIncorrectAnswer D:

Choice（D）isincorrect."Practicality"meansusefulnessorefficiency,and"awaken"meanstowakeuporbecomeactive.Ifoneweretoinsertthesetermsintothetext,thesentencewouldread"Ironically,anaffluentsocietythatpurchasesmuchmorefoodthanitactuallyneedssuffersbecauseofthatpracticality,sinceinconditionsofaffluencediseasesrelatedtoovereatingandpoornutritionseemtoawaken."Althoughthesecondtermcouldfitinwellwiththeoverallmeaningofthesentence,thefirsttermisinappropriate.Buyingmorefoodthanisnecessaryisnot"practical"atall;itiswasteful.

ExplanationforIncorrectAnswer E:

Choice（E）isincorrect."Commonness"meanstypicalbehavior,and"abound"meanstobepresentinlargenumbers.Ifoneweretoinsertthesetermsintothetext,thesentencewouldread"Ironically,anaffluentsocietythatpurchasesmuchmorefoodthanitactuallyneedssuffersbecauseofthatcommonness,sinceinconditionsofaffluencediseasesrelatedtoovereatingandpoornutritionseemtoabound."Althoughthesecondtermcouldfitinwellwiththeoverallmeaningofthesentence,thefirsttermdoesnot.Asocietythatbuysmorethanisnecessaryisnotatypicalsociety;relativelyfewsocietiessufferfrom"overabundance."

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3.ANSWERSANDEXPLANATIONS

ExplanationforCorrectAnswer E:

Choice（E）iscorrect."Therapeutic"meanshavinghealingorcuringpowers.Ifoneweretoinsertthistermintothetext,thesentencewouldread"Becauseofthetherapeuticeffectsofthehotsprings,touristssufferingfromvariousailmentsflockedtothevillage’sthermalpools."Peoplesufferingfromanillnessnaturallytrytofindwaystogetbetter,sohotspringsthatareknowntocurediseasesoreasepainwouldsurelyattractpeoplewithvariousailments.

ExplanationforIncorrectAnswer A:

Choice（A）isincorrect."Succulent"meansjuicy.Ifoneweretoinsertthistermintothetext,thesentencewouldread"Becauseofthesucculenteffectsofthehotsprings,touristssufferingfromvariousailmentsflockedtothevillage’sthermalpools."Springsorpoolsofw