题型练阅读七选五行文结构分类练练技法明规律.docx
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题型练阅读七选五行文结构分类练练技法明规律
阅读七选五行文结构分类练
(一)——总分总类
A
(2019·绍兴模拟)Whathappenswhenyouwanttogofromoneplacetoanother,butthere'swaterintheway?
That'stheproblempeoplefacedforhundredsofyearsintheareathatisnowNewYorkCity.Inthecity,thereisanaturalcanal(运河)calledtheNarrows,separatingBrooklynononesidefromStatenIslandontheother.
ButtheNarrowsisn'treallysonarrow.Thewaterisalmostamilewide,andit'smorethan100feetdeep.__1__Whentheywantedtotalktoeachother,theyclimbedintotheirboatsandsailedacross.
Bythelate1800s,circumstanceshadchangeddramatically.PopulationgrowthmeanttherewerenowmanypeopleneedingtotravelbetweenStatenIslandandBrooklynforwork.__2__
Between1888and1920thereweretwomajoreffortstobuildatraintunneltoconnecttheareas.__3__Proposalstobuildaconnectingbridgemadeduringthe1910salsoendedinfailureduetooppositionfromtheUSNavy.
Finally,afterWorldWarⅡ,thereweresomanypeoplelivinginNewYorkCitythatleadersdecidedBrooklynandStatenIslandneededadirectconnection.Sincetunnelsweretooexpensive,theydecidedtobuildabridge.Thedesignselectedhadtwoseparateroadwaysstacked(叠放)ontopofeachother.__4__Construction,whichtookfiveyears,wascompletedin1964andcostD|S320million.Todayabout190,000carsandtruckscrossthebridgeeveryday.
__5__ButinthecaseoftheNarrows,figuringoutagoodsolutiontookhundredsofyears.
A.Sometimesgettingfromoneplacetoanotherisveryeasy.
B.Bothwerequicklyabandonedhoweverduetothehighcostsinvolved.
C.Neitherroadwaslargeenoughtosatisfytheexistingtransportdemands.
D.Itwasanticipatedthatthenewtrainsystemwouldhelptheareasgrowevenfaster.
E.Takingaboateverytimewasveryslow,expensiveand,inbadweather,unreliable.
F.Bothwouldhangintheairfromthicksteelcables,supportedbytwogiantsteeltowers.
G.Foralongtimethatwasn'taproblem,becauseonlyafewpeoplelivedinBrooklynandStatenIsland.
语篇解读:
本文主要讲了纽约市TheNarrows两岸的交通问题的解决。
1.选G 根据空前一句“Thewaterisalmostamilewide,andit'smorethan100feetdeep.”和空后一句“Whentheywantedto...andsailedacross.”可推知,G项“很长时间以来那不是一个问题,因为只有少数人住在Brooklyn和StatenIsland”符合语境,所以选G项。
2.选E 空前一句是说人口增长意味着有许多人为了工作奔波于两地之间,根据空处下一段可知,人们想要建造一个火车隧道来连接两地;由此可推知,空处应是说乘船往返于两地的缺点,所以选E项。
3.选B 根据空前一句中的“twomajorefforts”和空后一句“Proposalstobuildaconnectingbridgemadeduringthe1910salsoendedinfailureduetooppositionfromtheUSNavy.”可知,空处应该是讲两次努力都没有成功,故选B项。
4.选F 根据空前一句中的“twoseparateroadwaysstacked(叠放)ontopofeachother”可知,F项中的“Both”与之呼应,且F项的句意与语境相符,故选F项。
5.选A 根据空后的转折句“ButinthecaseoftheNarrows,figuringoutagoodsolutiontookhundredsofyears.”可知,空处的句子应与此句形成逻辑上的转折关系,所以A项“有时从一个地方到另一个地方是很容易的”符合语境。
B
(2019·济宁模拟)Collegelifeiscolorful.__1__Howevercollegestudentshaveaburdenofstudying.Howdotheymanagetocompleteahugenumberofassignmentsandstillfindthetimetohavefun?
Herearesomeeffectivetimemanagementtipsthatcanbeusedoutsideofcollege.
__2__Let'ssay,yourfriendissickandmissesaveryimportantclass.Youcanhelphimbytellingsomethingyou'velearnedthereandlendinghimyournotes.Nexttimeyouhavenotimetoreadabookyouneedtoreadandthisveryfriendcanretellittoyouhighlightingthekeypoints.
Usetechnologies.Manymodernstudentscanbackupthefactthattechnologiesmakestudyingeasierandfaster.Youdon'talwayshavetowastetimetogotoalibrarywhenyoucanfindeverythingonline.Youcansavetimeoncalculatingthingsandsolvingdifferentproblems.__3__Usingtechnologiesforworkisalsoamustifyouwanttoimproveyourproductivity.
Giveyourselfatreat.__4__Forexample,ifyouhaveataskforanhour,promiseyourselftohavecoffeeandbiscuitsifyoumanagetodothatintime.__5__
Allinall,collegetimeisaveryspecialperiodwhenyoulearnalotofthingsincludingtimemanagementtechniques.Ifyoutakethemseriously,youcanusetheminyourfutureandmakeyourworkandlifemoreproductiveandorganized.
A.Helpeachother.
B.Helptotakenotes.
C.Therearemanyfunthingstodo.
D.Youcanseemanycolorfulthings.
E.Therearenowmanyappsforthat.
F.Itisanicemotivationtobeproductive.
G.Youcangiveyourselfsomesmalltreatsforfinishingsmalltasks.
语篇解读:
本文是一篇说明文。
文章主要介绍了大学生有效管理时间的技巧。
1.选C 根据空前一句“Collegelifeiscolorful.”可知,大学生活是丰富多彩的,并由与下文中的“Howdotheymanagetocompleteahugenumberofassignmentsandstillfindthetimetohavefun?
”呼应可知,C项“有很多有趣的事情可以做”符合语境。
2.选A 根据文章结构和空处所在位置可知,空处为主题句,通读该段可知,本段主要讲的是大学里朋友间互相帮助的行为,故A项“互相帮助”符合语境。
3.选E 根据本段主题句“Usetechnologies.”,并结合该段中的“Youdon'talwayshavetowastetimetogotoalibrarywhenyoucanfindeverythingonline.”可推知,利用网络科技可以解决不同的学习问题,与选项E呼应,故选E项。
4.选G 由与本段主题句“Giveyourselfatreat.”呼应可推知,选项G符合语境。
5.选F 空处承接上文“Forexample,ifyouhaveataskforanhour,promiseyourselftohavecoffeeandbiscuitsifyoumanagetodothatintime.”,表示犒劳自己是使工作高效的好动机,故选F项。
C
(2019·聊城模拟)Somepeopleputtheirbicyclesawayoncetheylearnhowtodriveacar.Formanypeople,bicyclingisnotjustaneasywayofgettingaroundtownbutalsoanexcitingsport.__1__.
Onekindofraceisthetimetrial.Eachracerleavesthestartinglineatadifferenttimeandheadshardforthefinishline.Thecyclistwhocoversthedistanceintheshortestamountoftimewinstherace.__2__,becausethebicyclesarespreadoutandarenotlikelytorunintoeachother.
Anotherkindofraceismoredifficult.Afewcityblocksareclosedtotraffic.Thenalltheracerslineupinatightpackandbeginracingatthesametime.__3__.Theracerequiresmorethanspeed.Italsorequiresskilfulhandlingofthebicycleasitrunsatfullspeedaroundotherbicycles.Theracerwhocompletesallthelapsfirstisthewinner.
__4__.Racershavetocoveranywherefrom35milestoalmost3,000miles.Theracecoursemaybeastraightstretchofroadoralongseriesofroadsacrossthecountry.Theprizegoestothefirstpersonwhocrossesthefinishline.
Betweenracescyclistsstayingoodconditionbydoingexercisethatbuildsuptheirstrengthsothattheycankeepridingforlongperiodsoftime.__5__,theyoftenjoinbicyclinggroupsandbecomelicensedracers.Thentheycanenterspecialracesalloverthecountry.Ifyou'reacyclist,keeppracticing.Youcouldbecomeastar.
A.Ascyclistsbecomemoreexperienced
B.Atimetrialisaverysaferaceforbeginners
C.Seriouscyclistsoftenarrangetotakepartinraces
D.Roadracesareusuallythelongestcyclingcontests
E.Mostpeoplewillseizepossiblechancestogetaroundtown
F.Theycovermanylaps(一圈),goingaroundandaroundthecityblocks
G.Whencyclistsstillneedtobuildthemselvesupforthosespecialraces
语篇解读:
本文是一篇说明文。
文章详细介绍了几种骑自行车的比赛。
1.选C 根据空处所在的位置可知,该句承上启下;由下文介绍的几种骑自行车比赛可知,C项“热衷骑自行车的人经常筹备参加骑自行车比赛”符合语境。
2.选B 根据空后的“becausethebicyclesarespreadoutandarenotlikelytorunintoeachother”可知,由于自行车是分散的,不太可能互相碰撞;故对于新手来说这种比赛是安全的,故B项正确。
3.选F 根据空处上下文可知,空处承接上文,继续介绍这种难度较大的骑自行车比赛具体的比赛内容,故F项正确。
且F项中的“thecityblocks”与该段中的“Afewcityblocks”呼应。
4.选D 根据空后一句“Racershavetocoveranywherefrom35milestoalmost3,000miles.”可知,参赛者必须骑35英里到近3000英里的路程;又结合本段第三句的内容可知,D项“道路比赛通常是路程最长的骑自行车比赛”符合语境。
5.选A 根据空后的“theyoftenjoinbicyclinggroupsandbecomelicensedracers”可知,他们经常参加自行车团体,并成为有执照的参赛者;据此可推知,空处是说当这些骑自行车者越来越有经验时,故A项正确。
D
(2019·镇海中学模拟)You'venodoubtheard“lessismore”overandoveragain.Lessisbetterbecauseitisgoodforyourbankaccountandyourwaistline(腰围).Butinsomeareasofourlives,wecanbenefitfrom“more”insteadof“less”.__1__
Givemore.
Ifyouseesomethingbeautifulinsomeone,sayit.Whyareyouholdingbackacompliment,akindwordofencouragementorsupportorsomewelldeservedpraise?
Givingisagifttothegiverandreceiver.__2__Onceyoustartdoingthis,peoplewillonlywantyouaroundmore.
Supportothersmore.
Speakingofencouragement,whocoulduseyoursupportrightnow?
__3__Someonewhoisstruggling?
Reachout!
You'llbegladyoudid.
__4__
Whenwepushbackagainstthingswedon'twant(“Ican'tbelieveCatherinecopiedmyclothesagain!
”),ourresistancestillholdsusclosetothethingthathurtsus.Whenwearemoreacceptingoflife'supsanddowns,wefindpeace.
Findmorerolemodels.
Whodoyouwanttobelike?
Findrolemodelswhoinspireyou.Readaboutthem.Buytheirbooks.Diveintoonlineinterviews.__5__
Alifeofrichnesscanbedefinedinamillionways.Andguesswhat?
It'swaitingforyoutoliveit—assoonasyouopenyourselfup.
A.Acceptmore.
B.Getmentalpeace.
C.Doiteverysingleday.
D.Afriendgoingthroughalossorabigchange?
E.Hereishow“more”canbeagoodthinginyourlife.
F.Lettheirsuccessbeanexampleofwhat'spossibleforyou,too.
G.Maybesomeonewhoisalwaysthesupportofyouwhenyouareintrouble?
语篇解读:
本文是一篇说明文。
在生活中,我们能从“更多”中而不是从“更少”中受益。
1.选E 空处承上启下,空前一句是说在我们生活的一些方面,我们能从“更多”而不是“更少”中受益,并结合下文列举的例子可知,E项衔接上下文,符合语境,故选E。
2.选C 空后一句是说一旦你开始这样做,人们就会想让你更多地陪伴在身边,故C项“每天都这样做”符合语境。
3.选D 空前一句是说谈到鼓励,谁可能现在需要你的支持?
并结合空后一句可知,D项“一个正经历损失或重大改变的朋友?
”符合语境,故选D。
4.选A 根据空处所在位置和文章结构可知,空处为段落小标题,该段主要讲的是在生活中我们要接受更多,故选A。
5.选F 本段主要讲找到更多的榜样,空处前三句是说读有关他们的故事,买关于他们的书,看网上的采访,F项“让他们的成功成为你也可能成功的榜样”符合语境,故选F。
阅读七选五行文结构分类练
(二)——总分总类
A
(2019·杭州模拟)Idon'tknowwhatthatdreamthatyouhaveis.Idon'tcarehowdisappointingitmightbeasyou'reworkingtowardthatdream.Butthatdreamyou'reholdinginyourmindispossible.Someofyoualreadyknowthatit'shard.It'shardtochangeyourlife.Intheprocessofachievingyourdreams,__1__.
Therewillbemomentswhenyouaregoingtodoubtyourself.You'llsay,“Why?
Whyisthishappeningtome?
”Forthoseofyouwhohaveexperienced