题型练阅读七选五行文结构分类练练技法明规律.docx
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题型练阅读七选五行文结构分类练练技法明规律
阅读七选五行文结构分类练
（一）——总分总类
A
（2019·绍兴模拟）Whathappenswhenyouwanttogofromoneplacetoanother,butthere'swaterintheway?
That'stheproblempeoplefacedforhundredsofyearsintheareathatisnowNewYorkCity.Inthecity,thereisanaturalcanal（运河）calledtheNarrows,separatingBrooklynononesidefromStatenIslandontheother.
ButtheNarrowsisn'treallysonarrow.Thewaterisalmostamilewide,andit'smorethan100feetdeep.__1__Whentheywantedtotalktoeachother,theyclimbedintotheirboatsandsailedacross.
Bythelate1800s,circumstanceshadchangeddramatically.PopulationgrowthmeanttherewerenowmanypeopleneedingtotravelbetweenStatenIslandandBrooklynforwork.__2__
Between1888and1920thereweretwomajoreffortstobuildatraintunneltoconnecttheareas.__3__Proposalstobuildaconnectingbridgemadeduringthe1910salsoendedinfailureduetooppositionfromtheUSNavy.
Finally,afterWorldWarⅡ，thereweresomanypeoplelivinginNewYorkCitythatleadersdecidedBrooklynandStatenIslandneededadirectconnection.Sincetunnelsweretooexpensive,theydecidedtobuildabridge.Thedesignselectedhadtwoseparateroadwaysstacked（叠放）ontopofeachother.__4__Construction,whichtookfiveyears,wascompletedin1964andcostD|S320million.Todayabout190,000carsandtruckscrossthebridgeeveryday.
__5__ButinthecaseoftheNarrows,figuringoutagoodsolutiontookhundredsofyears.
A．Sometimesgettingfromoneplacetoanotherisveryeasy.
B．Bothwerequicklyabandonedhoweverduetothehighcostsinvolved.
C．Neitherroadwaslargeenoughtosatisfytheexistingtransportdemands.
D．Itwasanticipatedthatthenewtrainsystemwouldhelptheareasgrowevenfaster.
E．Takingaboateverytimewasveryslow,expensiveand,inbadweather,unreliable.
F．Bothwouldhangintheairfromthicksteelcables,supportedbytwogiantsteeltowers.
G．Foralongtimethatwasn'taproblem,becauseonlyafewpeoplelivedinBrooklynandStatenIsland.
语篇解读：
本文主要讲了纽约市TheNarrows两岸的交通问题的解决。
1．选G 根据空前一句“Thewaterisalmostamilewide,andit'smorethan100feetdeep.”和空后一句“Whentheywantedto...andsailedacross.”可推知，G项“很长时间以来那不是一个问题，因为只有少数人住在Brooklyn和StatenIsland”符合语境，所以选G项。
2．选E 空前一句是说人口增长意味着有许多人为了工作奔波于两地之间，根据空处下一段可知，人们想要建造一个火车隧道来连接两地；由此可推知，空处应是说乘船往返于两地的缺点，所以选E项。
3．选B 根据空前一句中的“twomajorefforts”和空后一句“Proposalstobuildaconnectingbridgemadeduringthe1910salsoendedinfailureduetooppositionfromtheUSNavy.”可知，空处应该是讲两次努力都没有成功，故选B项。
4．选F 根据空前一句中的“twoseparateroadwaysstacked（叠放）ontopofeachother”可知，F项中的“Both”与之呼应，且F项的句意与语境相符，故选F项。
5．选A 根据空后的转折句“ButinthecaseoftheNarrows,figuringoutagoodsolutiontookhundredsofyears.”可知，空处的句子应与此句形成逻辑上的转折关系，所以A项“有时从一个地方到另一个地方是很容易的”符合语境。
B
（2019·济宁模拟）Collegelifeiscolorful.__1__Howevercollegestudentshaveaburdenofstudying.Howdotheymanagetocompleteahugenumberofassignmentsandstillfindthetimetohavefun?
Herearesomeeffectivetimemanagementtipsthatcanbeusedoutsideofcollege.
__2__Let'ssay,yourfriendissickandmissesaveryimportantclass.Youcanhelphimbytellingsomethingyou'velearnedthereandlendinghimyournotes.Nexttimeyouhavenotimetoreadabookyouneedtoreadandthisveryfriendcanretellittoyouhighlightingthekeypoints.
Usetechnologies.Manymodernstudentscanbackupthefactthattechnologiesmakestudyingeasierandfaster.Youdon'talwayshavetowastetimetogotoalibrarywhenyoucanfindeverythingonline.Youcansavetimeoncalculatingthingsandsolvingdifferentproblems.__3__Usingtechnologiesforworkisalsoamustifyouwanttoimproveyourproductivity.
Giveyourselfatreat.__4__Forexample,ifyouhaveataskforanhour,promiseyourselftohavecoffeeandbiscuitsifyoumanagetodothatintime.__5__
Allinall,collegetimeisaveryspecialperiodwhenyoulearnalotofthingsincludingtimemanagementtechniques.Ifyoutakethemseriously,youcanusetheminyourfutureandmakeyourworkandlifemoreproductiveandorganized.
A．Helpeachother.
B．Helptotakenotes.
C．Therearemanyfunthingstodo.
D．Youcanseemanycolorfulthings.
E．Therearenowmanyappsforthat.
F．Itisanicemotivationtobeproductive.
G．Youcangiveyourselfsomesmalltreatsforfinishingsmalltasks.
语篇解读：
本文是一篇说明文。
文章主要介绍了大学生有效管理时间的技巧。
1．选C 根据空前一句“Collegelifeiscolorful.”可知，大学生活是丰富多彩的，并由与下文中的“Howdotheymanagetocompleteahugenumberofassignmentsandstillfindthetimetohavefun？
”呼应可知，C项“有很多有趣的事情可以做”符合语境。
2．选A 根据文章结构和空处所在位置可知，空处为主题句，通读该段可知，本段主要讲的是大学里朋友间互相帮助的行为，故A项“互相帮助”符合语境。
3．选E 根据本段主题句“Usetechnologies.”，并结合该段中的“Youdon'talwayshavetowastetimetogotoalibrarywhenyoucanfindeverythingonline.”可推知，利用网络科技可以解决不同的学习问题，与选项E呼应，故选E项。
4．选G 由与本段主题句“Giveyourselfatreat.”呼应可推知，选项G符合语境。
5．选F 空处承接上文“Forexample,ifyouhaveataskforanhour,promiseyourselftohavecoffeeandbiscuitsifyoumanagetodothatintime.”，表示犒劳自己是使工作高效的好动机，故选F项。
C
（2019·聊城模拟）Somepeopleputtheirbicyclesawayoncetheylearnhowtodriveacar.Formanypeople,bicyclingisnotjustaneasywayofgettingaroundtownbutalsoanexcitingsport.__1__.
Onekindofraceisthetimetrial.Eachracerleavesthestartinglineatadifferenttimeandheadshardforthefinishline.Thecyclistwhocoversthedistanceintheshortestamountoftimewinstherace.__2__，becausethebicyclesarespreadoutandarenotlikelytorunintoeachother.
Anotherkindofraceismoredifficult.Afewcityblocksareclosedtotraffic.Thenalltheracerslineupinatightpackandbeginracingatthesametime.__3__.Theracerequiresmorethanspeed.Italsorequiresskilfulhandlingofthebicycleasitrunsatfullspeedaroundotherbicycles.Theracerwhocompletesallthelapsfirstisthewinner.
__4__.Racershavetocoveranywherefrom35milestoalmost3,000miles.Theracecoursemaybeastraightstretchofroadoralongseriesofroadsacrossthecountry.Theprizegoestothefirstpersonwhocrossesthefinishline.
Betweenracescyclistsstayingoodconditionbydoingexercisethatbuildsuptheirstrengthsothattheycankeepridingforlongperiodsoftime.__5__，theyoftenjoinbicyclinggroupsandbecomelicensedracers.Thentheycanenterspecialracesalloverthecountry.Ifyou'reacyclist,keeppracticing.Youcouldbecomeastar.
A．Ascyclistsbecomemoreexperienced
B．Atimetrialisaverysaferaceforbeginners
C．Seriouscyclistsoftenarrangetotakepartinraces
D．Roadracesareusuallythelongestcyclingcontests
E．Mostpeoplewillseizepossiblechancestogetaroundtown
F．Theycovermanylaps（一圈）,goingaroundandaroundthecityblocks
G．Whencyclistsstillneedtobuildthemselvesupforthosespecialraces
语篇解读：
本文是一篇说明文。
文章详细介绍了几种骑自行车的比赛。
1．选C 根据空处所在的位置可知，该句承上启下；由下文介绍的几种骑自行车比赛可知，C项“热衷骑自行车的人经常筹备参加骑自行车比赛”符合语境。
2．选B 根据空后的“becausethebicyclesarespreadoutandarenotlikelytorunintoeachother”可知，由于自行车是分散的，不太可能互相碰撞；故对于新手来说这种比赛是安全的，故B项正确。
3．选F 根据空处上下文可知，空处承接上文，继续介绍这种难度较大的骑自行车比赛具体的比赛内容，故F项正确。
且F项中的“thecityblocks”与该段中的“Afewcityblocks”呼应。
4．选D 根据空后一句“Racershavetocoveranywherefrom35milestoalmost3,000miles.”可知，参赛者必须骑35英里到近3000英里的路程；又结合本段第三句的内容可知，D项“道路比赛通常是路程最长的骑自行车比赛”符合语境。
5．选A 根据空后的“theyoftenjoinbicyclinggroupsandbecomelicensedracers”可知，他们经常参加自行车团体，并成为有执照的参赛者；据此可推知，空处是说当这些骑自行车者越来越有经验时，故A项正确。
D
（2019·镇海中学模拟）You'venodoubtheard“lessismore”overandoveragain.Lessisbetterbecauseitisgoodforyourbankaccountandyourwaistline（腰围）.Butinsomeareasofourlives,wecanbenefitfrom“more”insteadof“less”.__1__
Givemore.
Ifyouseesomethingbeautifulinsomeone,sayit.Whyareyouholdingbackacompliment,akindwordofencouragementorsupportorsomewell deservedpraise?
Givingisagifttothegiverandreceiver.__2__Onceyoustartdoingthis,peoplewillonlywantyouaroundmore.
Supportothersmore.
Speakingofencouragement,whocoulduseyoursupportrightnow?
__3__Someonewhoisstruggling?
Reachout!
You'llbegladyoudid.
__4__
Whenwepushbackagainstthingswedon'twant（“Ican'tbelieveCatherinecopiedmyclothesagain！
”）,ourresistancestillholdsusclosetothethingthathurtsus.Whenwearemoreacceptingoflife'supsanddowns,wefindpeace.
Findmorerolemodels.
Whodoyouwanttobelike?
Findrolemodelswhoinspireyou.Readaboutthem.Buytheirbooks.Diveintoonlineinterviews.__5__
Alifeofrichnesscanbedefinedinamillionways.Andguesswhat?
It'swaitingforyoutoliveit—assoonasyouopenyourselfup.
A．Acceptmore.
B．Getmentalpeace.
C．Doiteverysingleday.
D．Afriendgoingthroughalossorabigchange?
E．Hereishow“more”canbeagoodthinginyourlife.
F．Lettheirsuccessbeanexampleofwhat'spossibleforyou,too.
G．Maybesomeonewhoisalwaysthesupportofyouwhenyouareintrouble?
语篇解读：
本文是一篇说明文。
在生活中，我们能从“更多”中而不是从“更少”中受益。
1．选E 空处承上启下，空前一句是说在我们生活的一些方面，我们能从“更多”而不是“更少”中受益，并结合下文列举的例子可知，E项衔接上下文，符合语境，故选E。
2．选C 空后一句是说一旦你开始这样做，人们就会想让你更多地陪伴在身边，故C项“每天都这样做”符合语境。
3．选D 空前一句是说谈到鼓励，谁可能现在需要你的支持？
并结合空后一句可知，D项“一个正经历损失或重大改变的朋友？
”符合语境，故选D。
4．选A 根据空处所在位置和文章结构可知，空处为段落小标题，该段主要讲的是在生活中我们要接受更多，故选A。
5．选F 本段主要讲找到更多的榜样，空处前三句是说读有关他们的故事，买关于他们的书，看网上的采访，F项“让他们的成功成为你也可能成功的榜样”符合语境，故选F。
阅读七选五行文结构分类练
（二）——总分总类
A
（2019·杭州模拟）Idon'tknowwhatthatdreamthatyouhaveis.Idon'tcarehowdisappointingitmightbeasyou'reworkingtowardthatdream.Butthatdreamyou'reholdinginyourmindispossible.Someofyoualreadyknowthatit'shard.It'shardtochangeyourlife.Intheprocessofachievingyourdreams,__1__.
Therewillbemomentswhenyouaregoingtodoubtyourself.You'llsay，“Why?
Whyisthishappeningtome？
”Forthoseofyouwhohaveexperienced
升级会员 