普通高等学校招生全国统一考试江苏卷.docx

普通高等学校招生全国统一考试江苏卷.docx

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普通高等学校招生全国统一考试江苏卷

2016普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（江苏卷）

英语

第二节：

完形填空（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）

请阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

Yearsago,acriticaleventoccurredinmylifethatwouldchangeitforever.ImetKurtKampmeirofSuccessMotivationIncorporationforbreakfast.Whilewewere___36,Kurtaskedme,“John,whatisyour37forpersonalgrowth?

Neveratalossforwords,Itriedtofindthingsinmylifethatmight38forgrowth.ItoldhimaboutthemanyactivitiesinwhichIwas39.AndIwentintoa40abouthowhardIworkedandthegainsIwasmaking.Imusthavetalkedfortenminutes.Kurt41patiently,butthenhe42smiledandsaid,“Youdon’thaveapersonalplanforgrowth,doyou?

”

“No,I43.

“Youknow,”Kurtsaidsimply,“growthisnota（n）44process.”

Andthat’swhenit45me.Iwasn’tdoinganything46tomakemyselfbetter.Andatthatmoment,Imadethe47:

Iwilldevelopandfollowapersonalgrowthplanformy48.

Thatnight,Italkedtomywifeaboutmy49withKurtandwhatIhadlearned.I50hertheworkbookandtapesKurtwasselling.We51thatKurtwasn’tjusttryingtomakeasale.Hewasofferinga52forustochangeourlivesandachieveourdreams.

Severalimportantthingshappenedthatday.First,wedecidedto53theresources.Butmoreimportantly,wemadeacommitmentto54togetherasacouple.Fromthatdayon,welearnedtogether,traveledtogether,andsacrificedtogether.Itwasa55decision.Whiletoomanycouplesgrowapart,weweregrowingtogether.

36.A.workingB.preparingC.thinkingD.eating

37.A.suggestionB.demandC.planD.request

38.A.appeal

B.look

C.call

D.qualify

39.A.involved

B.trapped

C.lost

D.bathed

40.A.lecture

B.speech

C.discussion

D.debate

41.A.calculated

B.listened

C.drank

D.explained

42.A.eagerly

B.gradually

C.gratefully

D.finally

43.A.admitted

B.interrupted

C.apologized

D.complained

44.A.automatic

B.slow

C.independent

D.changing

45.A.confused

B.informed

C.pleased

D.hit

46.A.onloan

B.onpurpose

C.onsale

D.onbalance

47.A.comment

B.announcement

C.decision

D.arrangement

48.A.life

B.progress

C.performance

D.investment

49.A.contract

B.conversation

C.negotiation

D.argument

50.A.lent

B.sold

C.showed

D.offered

51.A.recalled

B.defined

C.recognized

D.declared

52.A.tool

B.method

C.way

D.rule

53.A.provide

B.buy

C.give

D.deliver

54.A.grow

B.survive

C.move

D.gather

55.A.difficult

B.random

C.firm

D.wise

第三部分：

阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）

请阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

A

DayschoolProgram

SecondarystudentsacrossTorontoDistrictSchoolBoard（TDSB）areinvitedtotakeoneortwoe-Learningcoursesontheirdayschooltimetable.Studentswillremainontherollattheirdayschool.

Theon-lineclassroomprovidesaninnovativerelevantandinteractiveLearningenvironment.Thecoursesandon-lineclassroomareprovidedbytheMinistryofEducation

Theseon-linecourses

aretaughtbyTDSBsecondaryschoolteachers

arepartoftheTDSBStudent’stimetable;and

appearonthestudent’sreportuponcompletion

Benefitsofe-Learning

Include:

AccesstocoursesthatmaynotbeavailableathisorherTDSBschool

Usingtechnologytoprovidestudentswithcurrentinformation:

and.

assistancetosolvetimetableconflicts

Ise-LearningforYou?

Studentswhoaresuccessfulinanon-linecourseareusually;

abletoplan,organizetimeandcompleteassignmentsandactivities;

capableofworkingindependentlyinaresponsibleandhonestmanner;and,

abletoregularlyuseacomputerormobiledevicewithinternetaccess

Studentsneedtospendatleastasmuchtimewiththeiron-linecourseworkastheywouldinaface-to-faceclassroomcourse.

56.E-LearningcoursesaredifferentfromotherTDSBcoursesinthat.

A.theyaregivenbybestTDSBteachers.

B.theyarenotonthedayschooltimetable.

C.theyarenotincludedonstudents’reports.

D.theyareanadditiontoTDSBcourses.

57.Whatdostudentsneedtodobeforecompletinge-learningcourses?

A.Tolearninformationtechnologyon-line.

B.Todotheirassignmentsindependently.

C.Toupdatetheirmobiledevicesregularly.

D.Totalkfacetofacewiththeirteachers.

B

Chimps（黑猩猩）willcooperateincertainways,likegatheringinwarpartiestoprotecttheirterritory.Butbeyondtheminimumrequirementsassocialbeings,theyhavelittleinstinct（本能）tohelponeanother.Chimpsinthewildseekfoodforthemselves.Evenchimpmothersregularlydeclinetosharefoodwiththeirchildren.Whoareablefromayoungagetogathertheirownfood.

Inthelaboratory,chimpsdon’tnaturallysharefoodeither.Ifachimpisputinacagewherehecanpullinoneplateoffoodforhimselfor,withnogreateffort,aplatethatalsoprovidesfoodforaneighbortothenextcage,hewillpullatrandom---hejustdoesn’tcarewhetherhisneighborgetsfedornot.Chimpsaretrulyselfish.

Humanchildren,ontheotherhand,areextremelycorporative.Fromtheearliestages,theydesiretohelpothers,toshareinformationandtoparticipateinachievingcommongoals.ThepsychologistMichaelTomasellohasstudiedthiscooperativenessinaseriesofexpensivewithveryyoungchildren.Hefindsthatifbabiesaged18monthsseeanunrelatedadultwithhandsfulltryingtoopenadoor,almostallwillimmediatelytrytohelp.

Thereareseveralreasonstobelievethattheurgestohelp,informandsharearenottaught.butnaturallypossessedinyoungchildren.Oneisthattheseinstinctsappearataveryyoungagebeforemostparentshavestartedtotrainchildrentobehavesocially.Anotheristhatthehelpingbehaviorsarenotimprovedifthechildrenarerewarded.Athirdreasonisthatsocialintelligencedevelops in children before their general cognitive（认知的）skills,at least when compared with chimps..In tests conducted by Tomtasell, the children did no better than the chimps on the physical world tests, but were considerably better at understanding the social world

Thecoreofwhatchildren’smindhaveandchimps’don’tiswhatTomasellocallssharedintentionality.Partofthisabilityisthattheycaninferwhatothersknoworarethinking.Butbeyondthat,evenveryyoungchildrenwanttobepartofasharedpurpose.Theyactivelyseektobepartofa“we”,agroupthatintendstoworktowardasharedgoal.

58.Whatcanwelearnfromtheexperimentwithchimps?

A.Chimpsseldomcareaboutothers’interests.

B.Chimpstendtoprovidefoodfortheirchildren.

C.Chimpsliketotakeintheirneighbors’food.

D.Chimpsnaturallysharefoodwitheachother.

59.MichaelTomasello’stestsonyoungchildrenindicatethatthey____.

A.havetheinstincttohelpothers

B.knowhowtoofferhelptoadults

C.knowtheworldbetterthanchimps

D.trustadultswiththeirhandsfull

60.Thepassageismainlyabout____.

A.thehelpingbehaviorsofyoungchildren

B.waystotrainchildren’ssharedintentionality

C.cooperationasadistinctivehumannature

D.thedevelopmentofintelligenceinchildren

C

ElNifio,aSpanishtermfor“theChristchild”,wasnamedbySouthAmericanfishermanwhonoticedthattheglobalweatherpattern,whichhappenseverytwotosevenyears,reducedtheamountoffishescaughtaroundChristmas.ElNifioseeswarmwater,collectedoverseveralyearsinthewesternPacific,flowbackeastwardswhenwindsthatnormallyblowwestwardsweaken,orsometimestheotherwayround.

Theweathereffects,bothgoodandbad,arefeltinmanyplaces.RichcountriesgainmorefrompowerfulNifio,onbalance,thantheylose.AstudyfoundthatastrongNifioin1997-98helpedAmerican’seconomygrowby$15billion,partlybecauseofbetteragriculturalharvests,farmersintheMidwestgainedfromextrarain.Thetotalriseinagriculturalinrichcountriesisgreaterthanthefallinpoorones.

ButinIndonesiaextremelydryforestsareinflames.Amulti-yeardrought（干旱）insouth-eastBrazilisbecomingworse.ThoughheavyrainsbroughtaboutbyElNinomayrelievethedroughtinCalifornia,theyarelikelytocausesurfacefloodingandotherdisasters.

ThemostrecentpowerfulNino,in1997-98,killedaround21,000peopleandcauseddamageworth$36billionaroundtheglobe.ButsuchNinoscomewithmonthsofwarning,andsomuchisknownabouthowtheyhappenthatgovernmentscanprepare.AccordingtotheOverseasDevelopmentInstitute（ODI）,however,just12%ofdisaster-relieffundinginthepasttwodecadeshasgoneonreducingrisksinadvance,ratherthanrecoveryandrebuildingafterwards.Thisisdespiteevidencethatadollarspentonrisk-reductionsavesatleasttwoonreconstruction.

Simpleimprovementstoinfrastructure（基础设施）canreducethespreadofdisease.Bettersewers（下水道）makeitlesslikelythatheavyrainisfollowedbyanoutbreakofthediseaseofbadstomach.Strongerbridgesmeanvillagesarelesslikelytobeleftwithoutfoodandmedicineafterfloods.Accordingtoapaperin2011byMrHsiangandco-authors,civilconflictisrelatedtoElNino’sharmfuleffects—andthepoorerthecountry,thestrongerthelink.Thoughtherelationshipmaynotbecausal,helpingdividedcommunitiestopreparefordisasterswouldatleastreducetheriskthatthosedisastersarefollowedbykillingandwoundingpeople.SincethepoorestareleastlikelytomakeupfortheirlossesfromdisasterslinkedtoElNino,reducingtheirlossesneedstobethepriority.

61.WhatcanwelearnaboutElNinoinParagraph1?

A.ItisnamedafteraSouthAmericanfisherman.

B.Ittakesplacealmosteveryyearallovertheworld.

C.Itforcesfishermentostopcatchingfisharo