高级英语第一册Unit 1 文章结构+课文讲解+课文翻译+课后练习+答案.docx

高级英语第一册Unit 1 文章结构+课文讲解+课文翻译+课后练习+答案.docx

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高级英语第一册Unit1文章结构+课文讲解+课文翻译+课后练习+答案

《高级英语》AdvancedEnglish

第一册

Unit1TheMiddleEasternBazaar

THEMIDDLEEASTERNBAZAAR教学目的及重点难点

Aimsofteaching

1.Tocomprehendthewholetext

2.Toleanandmasterthevocabularyandexpressions

3.Tounderstandthestructureofthetext

4.Toappreciatethestyleandrhetoricofthepassage.

Importantanddifficultpoints

1.Whatisdescription?

2.Thecomprehensionandappreciationofthewordsdescribingsound,colour,light,heat,sizeandsmell.

3.Theappreciationofthewordsandexpressionsusedforstressandexaggeration.

4.Someusefulexpressionssuchastomakeapointof,itisapointofhonour…,andetc

Backgroundinformation

ThistextistakenfromAdvancedComprehensionandAppreciationPieces（1962）,whichwasintendedforstudentspreparingfortheCambridgeCertificateofProficiencyExamination,&forstudentsinthetopclassofsecondaryschoolsorinthefirstyearofauniversitycourse.

TheMiddleEasternBazaar

　　TheMiddleEasternbazaartakesyoubackhundreds---eventhousands---ofyears.TheoneIamthinkingofparticularlyisenteredbyaGothic-archedgatewayofagedbrickandstone.Youpassfromtheheatandglareofabig,opensquareintoacool,darkcavernwhichextendsasfarastheeyecansee,losingitselfintheshadowydistance.Littledonkeyswithharmoniouslytinklingbellsthreadtheirwayamongthethrongsofpeopleenteringandleavingthebazaar.Theroadwayisabouttwelvefeetwide,butitisnarrowedeveryfewyardsbylittlestallswheregoodsofeveryconceivablekindaresold.Thedinofthestall-holder;cryingtheirwares,ofdonkey-boysandportersclearingawayforthemselvesbyshoutingvigorously,andofwould-bepurchasersarguingandbargainingiscontinuousandmakesyoudizzy.

　　Thenasyoupenetratedeeperintothebazaar,thenoiseoftheentrancefadesaway,andyoucometothemutedcloth-market.Theearthenfloor,beatenhardbycountlessfeet,deadensthesoundoffootsteps,andthevaultedmud-brickwallsandroofhavehardlyanysoundstoecho.Theshop-keepersspeakinslow,measuredtones,andthebuyers,overwhelmedbythesepulchralatmosphere,followsuit.

　　OneofthepeculiaritiesoftheEasternbazaaristhatshopkeepersdealinginthesamekindofgoodsdonotscatterthemselvesoverthebazaar,inordertoavoidcompetition,butcollectinthesamearea,sothatpurchaserscanknowwheretofindthem,andsothattheycanformacloselyknitguildagainstinjusticeorpersecution.Inthecloth-market,forinstance,allthesellersofmaterialforclothes,curtains,chaircoversandsoonlinetheroadwayonbothsides,eachopen-frontedshophavingatrestletrestletablefordisplayandshelvesforstorage.Bargainingistheorderofthecay,andveiledwomenmoveataleisurelypacefromshoptoshop,selecting,pricinganddoingalittlepreliminarybargainingbeforetheynarrowdowntheirchoiceandbeginthereallyseriousbusinessofbeatingthepricedown.

　　Itisapointofhonourwiththecustomernottolettheshopkeeperguesswhatitisshereallylikesandwantsuntilthelastmoment.Ifhedoesguesscorrectly,hewillpricetheitemhigh,andyieldlittleinthebargaining.Theseller,ontheotherhand,makesapointofprotestingthatthepriceheischargingisdeprivinghimofallprofit,andthatheissacrificingthisbecauseofhispersonalregardforthecustomer.Bargainingcangoonthewholeday,orevenseveraldays,withthecustomercomingandgoingatintervals.

　　Oneofthemostpicturesqueandimpressivepartsofthebazaaristhecopper-smiths'market.Asyouapproachit,atinklingandbangingandclashingbeginstoimpingeonyourear.Itgrowslouderandmoredistinct,untilyouroundacornerandseeafairylandofdancingflashes,astheburnishedcoppercatchesthelightofinnumerablelampsandbraziers.Ineachshopsittheapprentices–boysandyouths,someofthemincrediblyyoung–hammeringawayatcoppervesselsofallshapesandsizes,whiletheshop-ownerinstructs,andsometimestakesahandwithahammerhimself.Inthebackground,atinyapprenticeblowsabi-,charcoalfirewithahugeleatherbellowsworkedbyastringattachedtohisbigtoe--theredofthelivecoalsglowing,brightandthendimmingrhythmicallytothestrokesofthebellows.

　　Hereyoucanfindbeautifulpotsandbowlsengravewithdelicateandintricatetraditionaldesigns,orthesimple,everydaykitchenwareusedinthiscountry,pleasinginform,butundecoratedandstrictlyfunctional.Elsewherethereisthecarpet-market,withitsprofusionofrichcolours,variedtexturesandregionaldesigns--someboldandsimple,othersunbelievablydetailedandyetharmonious.Thenthereisthespice-market,withitspungentandexoticsmells;andthefood-market,whereyoucanbuyeverythingyouneedforthemostsumptuousdinner,orsitinatinyrestaurantwithportersandapprenticesandeatyourhumblebreadandcheese.Thedye-market,thepottery-marketandthecarpenters'marketlieelsewhereinthemazeofvaultedstreetswhichhoneycombthisbazaar.Everyhereandthere,adoorwaygivesaglimpseofasunlitcourtyard,perhapsbeforeamosqueoracaravanserai,wherecamelsliedisdainfullychewingtheirhay,whilethegreatbalesofmerchandisetheyhavecarriedhundredsofmilesacrossthedesertliebesidethem.

　　Perhapsthemostunforgettablethinginthebazaar,apartfromitsgeneralatmosphere,istheplacewheretheymakelinseedoil.Itisavast,sombrecavernofaroom,somethirtyfeethighandsixtyfeetsquare,andsothickwiththedustofcenturiesthatthemudbrickwallsandvaultedroofareonlydimlyvisible.Inthiscavernarethreemassivestonewheels,eachwithahugepolethroughitscentreasanaxle.Thepoleisattachedattheoneendtoanuprightpost,aroundwhichitcanrevolve,andattheothertoablind-foldedcamel,whichwalksconstantlyinacircle,providingthemotivepowertoturnthestonewheel.Thisrevolvesinacircularstonechannel,intowhichanattendantfeedslinseed.Thestonewheelcrushesittoapulp,whichisthenpressedtoextracttheoil.ThecamelsarethelargestandfinestIhaveeverseen,andinsuperbcondition–muscular,massiveandstately.

　　Thepressingofthelinseedpulptoextracttheoilisdonebyavastramshackleapparatusofbeamsandropesandpulleyswhichtowerstothevaultedceilinganddwarfsthecamelsandtheirstonewheels.Themachineisoperatedbyoneman,whoshovelsthelinseedpulpintoastonevat,climbsupnimblytoadizzyheighttofastenropes,andthenthrowshisweightontoagreatbeammadeoutofatreetrunktosettheropesandpulleysinmotion.Ancientgirdersgirderscreakandgroan,ropestightenandthenatrickleofoiloozesoozesdownastonerunnelintoausedpetrolcan.Quicklythetricklebecomesafloodofglisteninglinseedoilasthebeamsinksearthwards,tautandprotesting,itscreaksblendingwiththesqueakingandrumblingofthegrinding-wheelsandtheoccasionalgruntsandsighsofthecamels.

（fromAdvancedComprehensionandAppreciationpieces,1962）

NOTES

1）ThispieceistakenfromAdvancedComprehensionandAppreciationPieces,compiledforoverseasstudentsbyL.A.HillandD.J.May,publishedbyOxfordUniversityPress,HongKong,1962.

2）MiddleEast:

generallyreferringtotheareafromAfghanistantoEgypt,includingtheArabianPeninsula,Cyprus,andAsiaticTurkey.

3）Gothic:

astyleofarchitectureoriginatedinN.Francein11thcentury,characterizedbypointedarches,ribbedvaulting,steep,highroofs,etc.

4）veiledwomen:

SomeMoslemsusetheveil---moreappropriately,thepurdah---tosecludeorhidetheirwomenfromtheeyesofstrangers.

5）caravanserai（caravansary）:

intheMiddleEast,akindofinnwithalargecentralcourt,wherebandsofmerchantsorpilgrims,togetherwiththeircamelsorhorses,stayforshelterandrefreshment

THEMIDDLEEASTERNBAZAAR文章结构

THEMIDDLEEASTERNBAZAAR

Structuralandstylisticanalysis&WritingTechnique

　　SectionI:

（paras.1,2）Generalatmosphere

　　TopicSentence:

TheMiddleEastern...takesyou...years.

　　ancientness,backwardness,primitiveness

　　harmonious,liveliness,self-sufficient,simple,notsophisticated,active,vigorous,healthy

　　SectionII（Oneofthepeculiarities）theclothmarket

　　SectionIII（Oneofthemostpicturesque）thecoppersmithmarketandetc.

　　SectionIV（Perhapsthemostunforgettable）themillwherelinseedoilismade

　　TYPEofWriting:

Description:

Adescriptionispaintingapictureinwordsofaperson,place,object,orscene.

adescriptionessayisgenerallydevelopedthroughsensorydetails,ortheimpressionsofone’ssenses---sight,hearing,taste,smellandtouch.Thewritergenerallychoosesthosethathelptobringoutthedominantcharacteristicoroutstandingqualityofthepersonorthingdescribed.

　　1.FromMacrotoMicro

　　2.wordsappealingtosenses:

light&heat,sound&movement,andsmell&colour.

　　3nouns,adjectivesandevenadverbsusedasverbs:

thread,round,narrow,price,live,toweranddwarf.

　　4.wordsimitatingsounds:

onomatopoeia.

　　5.stressfulandimpressivesentencestructures:

　　　　theoneIamthinkingofparticularly…

　　　　oneofthepeculiarities…

　　　　oneofthemostpicturesqueandimpressiveparts…

　　　　themostunforgettablethinginthebazaar,…

TheMiddleEasternBazaar课文讲解

THEMIDDLEEASTERNBAZAAR

DetailedStudyoftheText

　　1.MiddleEast:

SoutheastAsiaandNortheastAfrica,includingtheNearEastandIranandAfghanistan.

NearEase:

theArabianPeninsula（SaudiArabia,Yemen,Oman,UnitedArabEmirates,Qatar,Bahrein,andKuwait）,Turkey,Iraq,Syria,Jordan,Lebanon,