英汉姓名翻译论文.docx

英汉姓名翻译论文.docx

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英汉姓名翻译论文

TranslationbetweenChineseandEnglish

PersonalNames

Abstract

Withthedepthofreformandopening,rapiddevelopmentofeconomyandsociety,internationalcommunicationbetweencountriesisincreasing.Thus,havingagoodknowledgeofsocietyhistoryandculturecanpromotethecommunicationandcorporationbetweennations.Studyofnamesisakindofcultureandscience;itisindispensableforeachcitizeninacountry.Therefore,studyingculturalconnotationsandtranslationofnamesisofgreatimportance.Personalnamesaresymbolsthatdistinguishonepersonfromothers,atthesametimetheyaresocialsymbols.Itis“amirrorofculture”.Thereisacloserelationshipbetweennameandculture,ascarriersofcultures,ChineseandEnglishnamesarefullofculturalconnotations.Itisagreedthattranslationisnotonlyalanguageactivity,butalsocross-culturecommunication.Throughcomparativestudyonanation’shistory,religion,conceptsofmoralandvalue,wecanseedifferentculturalconnotationsbetweenEnglishandChinesenames.Fromthispointofview,theproblemsofdealingwithtranslationbetweenChineseandEnglishnamesareworthdiscussing.

ThroughthecomparisonsbetweenoriginofChineseandEnglishnamesandthewayofnaming,thispaperbrieflytalksaboutculturaldifferencebetweenChineseandEnglishcountries,andtheireffectsonstrategiestranslationsoastoexplainculturaldifferencebetweenChineseandEnglishnames.Finallyputforwardsometranslationprinciplesandmethodintermoffullnamescarryingtheculturalconnotations.

Keywords：

fullnamesofChineseandEnglish;culturalconnotations;translationprinciple;translationmethod

i

摘要

随着改革开放的深入和经济社会的快速发展，我国的国际交流也日益增多。

因此，了解英语国家社会，历史，文化等方面的基本知识，有助于我们与这些国家之间的交流。

姓名学是一种人文科学，对于每一个国民来说都是不可或缺的。

因此，研究姓名翻译的文化内涵很重要。

姓名不仅仅是一种简单的区别于他人的符号，同时它也代表着一种社会文化现象，被喻为“文化的镜像”。

姓名和文化之间有着密切的关系。

作为一种文化载体，英汉姓名充满了文化内涵。

.翻译不仅仅是一种语言活动，同时也是一种跨文化交流，通过对英汉姓名的历史渊源，宗教信仰，价值观念等的对比研究，揭示出英汉姓名的深层文化内涵及社会文化因素的影响，从这点来看，英汉姓名翻译值得我们的研究与讨论，最后对这种富载文化内涵的姓名的翻译提出翻译原则和翻译方法。

关键词：

英汉姓名；文化内涵；翻译原则；翻译方法

ii

Contents

Abstract………………………………………………………………………………i

摘要…………………………………………………………………………………...ii

1.Introduction………………………………………………………………………..1

2.ComparisonsofChinesenamesandEnglishnames…………………………….2

2.1Relationbetweenpersonalnameandculture…………………………………...2

2.2SimilaritiesbetweenChineseandEnglishnames………………………………3

2.1.1Totemism………………………………………………………………….3

2.1.2Consciousnessofroot-seeking………………………………....................3

2.1.3Waysofnaming………………………………………………………….4

2.2DifferencesbetweenChineseandEnglishnames………………………………4

2.2.1Originoffamilynames…………………………………………………...4

2.2.1.1OriginofChinesefamilynames…………………………………5

2.2.1.2OriginofEnglishfamilynames………………………………….5

2.2.2Formsofnames…………………………………………………………..6

2.2.3Hierarchy,traditionalvalues,religion…………………………………….7

2.2.4Otheraspects……………………………………………………………...8

3.Applicationoftheorytothetranslationofnames...……………………………9

3.1Translationprinciplesandmethods…………………………………………….9

3.1.1Translationprinciples……………………………………………………10

3.1.2Translationmethods……………………………………………………..10

3.1.2.1Transliteration……………………………………………………..11

3.1.2.2Paraphrase………………………………………………………..12

3.1.2.3Annotatedtranslation…………………………………………….13

3.1.2.4Literaltranslation………………………………………………...14

4.Conclusion………………………………………………………………………...15

References……………………………………………………….……………..17

Acknowledgements……………………………………………………………19

1.Introduction

Namesareusedbyhumanbeingsandtheyarethesignsforpeopletodistinguishonepersonfromtheothers.Personalnamesarewindowsforpeopletoseethroughdifferentculturesindifferentsocieties.Thereisacloserelationshipbetweennameandculture,ascarriersofcultures,ChineseandEnglishnamesarefullofculturalconnotations.ThispapersbrieflytalksaboutculturaldifferencebetweenChineseandEnglishcountries,andtheireffectsonstrategiestranslation.Eachpersonhashisnamewhichdistinguisheshimselffromothermembersinthecommunity,andeachcountryhasitsownnamesystemowingtotheirdifferenthistoricalandculturalbackground.Inaword,personalnamesarewindowsforpeopletoseethroughdifferentculturesindifferentsocieties.Forthesereasons,thetranslationofChineseandEnglishnamesshouldfollowthepronunciationoftheowner’scountryandadopttheestablishedpopulartranslatednames,usetransliterationandparaphrasesoastoreflecttherealmeaningofChineseandEnglishnames.

1.1CulturalconnotationsofChineseandEnglishnames

Adventofpersonalnamesisasymbolofculturaldevelopmentofhumansociety;itisproducedfromdifferentculturalbackgroundandalsoindicatesrelativerelationshiptosomeextent.Personalnamesarenotonlysymbols,butalso“amirrorofculture”.Thestructureandmeaningoffullnamesbetweendifferentnationalitieschangewithculturesofthecountries.ThestructureofChinesenamesiscontrarytoEnglishnames.ChineseputfamilynamesinthefrontofsurnamestoreflectChineseculturewhichfocusonclan,collectivism。

ForEnglish,theirfamilynamesareputaftertheirsurnames;thisistheresultofindividualismadvocatedinEnglishculture.Theirnamesalsoreflectpeople’sdifferentculturalquality,values,mentalityandreligionbelieves.

1.2Researchathome

InChinese,thefamilynamecomesfirstandthegivennameisplacedafterit.Andtherearetwokindsoffamilyname,oneissinglesurname,theotherisdoublesurname.HeoppositeordersofChineseandEnglishnamesisreflectionofdifferentculturesonpersonalnames.Chinesefamilynamesrepresenttherelationshipofclan,groupandconsanguinity;TraditionalChinesecultureemphasizesthegenerality.Therefore,inthiskindofcultureatmosphere,Chinesepeopleputtheirfamilynameswhichrepresenttheirancestors,clansandgroupsbeforetheirgivennames,whichsymbolspersonindividualitywhilethewesternpeoplenotonlyemphasizeindividualpersonandindividuality,butalsovaluetheindependentpersonalityandself-consciousness,theythinkthegivennamesarelifeandsoulofaperson,sotheyhighlyvaluethem.ChinesenamearenotonlyinfluencedbyPatriarchy,butalsoinfluencedbyConfucian-worship.Today,religioninfluencecanalsobefoundinEnglishpersonalnames.

1.3Researchabroad

InEnglish,thefamilynameisattheend,andthegivennameisinthefront.“ThegivennamecouldbedividedintoChristianname（firstname）andmiddlename（secondname）”Inwesterncounties,mostpeoplehavemiddlenames,thenumberofwhichcanbeone,two,threeorevenmorethantens.Middlenamesareonlyusedinveryformalsituationforofficialpurpose,suchasonadocument.Usuallypeopleomitthemorusethecapitallettersinstead.AsmostEnglish–speakingpeoplebelieveinChristianityorCatholic,accordingtothereligiouscustom,ababywhowasbornaroundoneweekshouldbebaptizedandnamedinthechurch.SothegivennamecanalsobecalledbaptizednameorChristianname.AlthoughgivennamesarefrequentlyreferredtoasChristiannames,thisdoesnotmeanthatthepersonisaChristianorthenamehasbeengivenbythechurch.Nowadays,itisusuallyusedasasynonymfor“givenname”.Manyparentstaketheirbabytochurchtobebaptized,butthegivennamesarechosenbytheirparentsbeforethis.Andevenifapersonhasneverbeenbaptized,theirnamescanstillbecalledChristiannames

2ComparisonsofChinesenamesandEnglishnames

2.1Relationbetweenpersonalnameandculture

Personalnamesaretheproductsofthehistoricaldevelopmentofhumansociety.Theyreflecttheancientcivilizationandsplendidculturesfromdifferentrespects.Thechoiceofnametellssomethingabouthumansocietyandreflectsthesocialculture.Therefore,thedevelopmentofpersonalnamescannotbeisolatedfromthesocialculturebackground.Namesaretheinseparablepartofcultureandtheinevitableoutcomeofculturalevolution.Likeotherlinguisticphenomenatheyplaytheroleofcarrierofcultures.Cultureinfluenceseveryaspectofhumansociallifeandinfluencespeople’sbehavior.Personalnamesaretheoutcomeofpeople’sbehavior,sotheinfluenceofculturecanbeseenfromthechangingofpersonalnames.Fromtheirwaysofnaming,wecanfindtwodifferentculturalvalues:

focusmoreonfamilynamethansurnameandemphasizeonsurnameratherthanfamilyname.

InChina,peopleintheirfullnamesputfamilynamesinfrontoftheirsurnamesandnameswhichshowstheirstatus,forexample,thefullname“杨文洁”，familyname“杨”isputinthefirstplace.However,nameshowingstatus“文”andsurname“洁”areputinthesecondplace.Similarly,thisisalsoadoptedinafullnamethathasdoublefamilynames.Forexample,“欧阳兰兰”,“欧阳”standsforfamilynameconsistingof“欧”and“阳”,andtheyareputbeforethename“兰”whichshowsstatusandsurname“兰”.ThewayofnamingisclosedrelationtotraditionalcultureofChina

InEnglishcountries,peoplepaymoreattentiontotheirindividualismandselfvaluesandadvocateindividualstruggleandindependence,soitiseasytounderstandtheirculturalvalues“puttingsurnamesinthefirstplace”.Forexample,inthefullname“ThomasAlvaEdison”,“Thomas”isaindividualizedsurnamefromchurch,and“Alva”isamiddlename,“Edison”isafamilyname.Thesetwoculturalvaluesaregreatlyimportantincross-culturecommunicationbetweenChineseandEnglish.

2.1SimilaritiesbetweenChineseandEnglishnames

Itissaidthateverycoinhasitstwosides.Wetalkedabouttheirsimilaritiesabove,andnow,wearegoingtotalkaboutthedifferencesbetweenChineseandEnglishnamesystemsandtheircultureconnotation

2.1.1Tote