英汉姓名翻译论文.docx

1、英汉姓名翻译论文Translation between Chinese and EnglishPersonal NamesAbstractWith the depth of reform and opening, rapid development of economy and society, international communication between countries is increasing. Thus, having a good knowledge of society history and culture can promote the communication

2、 and corporation between nations. Study of names is a kind of culture and science; it is indispensable for each citizen in a country. Therefore, studying cultural connotations and translation of names is of great importance. Personal names are symbols that distinguish one person from others, at the

3、same time they are social symbols. It is “a mirror of culture”. There is a close relationship between name and culture, as carriers of cultures, Chinese and English names are full of cultural connotations. It is agreed that translation is not only a language activity, but also cross-culture communic

4、ation. Through comparative study on a nations history, religion, concepts of moral and value, we can see different cultural connotations between English and Chinese names. From this point of view, the problems of dealing with translation between Chinese and English names are worth discussing.Through

5、 the comparisons between origin of Chinese and English names and the way of naming, this paper briefly talks about cultural difference between Chinese and English countries, and their effects on strategies translation so as to explain cultural difference between Chinese and English names. Finally pu

6、t forward some translation principles and method in term of full names carrying the cultural connotations. Key words：full names of Chinese and English; cultural connotations; translation principle; translation method i摘 要随着改革开放的深入和经济社会的快速发展，我国的国际交流也日益增多。因此，了解英语国家社会，历史，文化等方面的基本知识，有助于我们与这些国家之间的交流。姓名学是

7、一种人文科学，对于每一个国民来说都是不可或缺的。因此，研究姓名翻译的文化内涵很重要。姓名不仅仅是一种简单的区别于他人的符号，同时它也代表着一种社会文化现象，被喻为“文化的镜像”。姓名和文化之间有着密切的关系。作为一种文化载体，英汉姓名充满了文化内涵。.翻译不仅仅是一种语言活动，同时也是一种跨文化交流，通过对英汉姓名的 历史 渊源，宗教信仰，价值观念等的对比 研究 ，揭示出英汉姓名的深层文化内涵及社会文化因素的影响，从这点来看，英汉姓名翻译值得我们的研究与讨论，最后对这种富载文化内涵的姓名的翻译提出翻译原则和翻译方法。关键词：英汉姓名；文化内涵；翻译原则；翻译方法iiContents Abstr

8、acti摘要.ii1. Introduction.12. Comparisons of Chinese names and English names.22.1 Relation between personal name and culture.2 2.2 Similarities between Chinese and English names3 2.1.1 Totemism.3 2.1.2 Consciousness of root-seeking.3 2.1.3 Ways of naming .4 2.2 Differences between Chinese and English

9、 names4 2.2.1 Origin of family names.4 2.2.1.1 Origin of Chinese family names 5 2.2.1.2 Origin of English family names.5 2.2.2 Forms of names. 6 2.2.3 Hierarchy, traditional values, religion.7 2.2.4 Other aspects.83. Application of theory to the translation of names.9 3.1 Translation principles and

10、methods.9 3.1.1 Translation principles10 3.1.2 Translation methods.103.1.2.1Transliteration.11 3.1.2.2 Paraphrase.12 3.1.2.3 Annotated translation.13 3.1.2.4 Literal translation.144. Conclusion.15References.17Acknowledgements191. Introduction Names are used by human beings and they are the signs for

11、 people to distinguish one person from the others. Personal names are windows for people to see through different cultures in different societies. There is a close relationship between name and culture, as carriers of cultures, Chinese and English names are full of cultural connotations. This papers

12、 briefly talks about cultural difference between Chinese and English countries, and their effects on strategies translation. Each person has his name which distinguishes himself from other members in the community, and each country has its own name system owing to their different historical and cult

13、ural background. In a word, personal names are windows for people to see through different cultures in different societies. For these reasons, the translation of Chinese and English names should follow the pronunciation of the owners country and adopt the established popular translated names, use tr

14、ansliteration and paraphrase so as to reflect the real meaning of Chinese and English names.1.1 Cultural connotations of Chinese and English namesAdvent of personal names is a symbol of cultural development of human society; it is produced from different cultural background and also indicates relati

15、ve relationship to some extent. Personal names are not only symbols, but also “a mirror of culture”. The structure and meaning of full names between different nationalities change with cultures of the countries. The structure of Chinese names is contrary to English names. Chinese put family names in

16、 the front of surnames to reflect Chinese culture which focus on clan, collectivism。For English, their family names are put after their surnames; this is the result of individualism advocated in English culture. Their names also reflect peoples different cultural quality, values, mentality and relig

17、ion believes. 1.2 Research at home In Chinese, the family name comes first and the given name is placed after it. And there are two kinds of family name, one is single surname, the other is double surname. He opposite orders of Chinese and English names is reflection of different cultures on persona

18、l names. Chinese family names represent the relationship of clan, group and consanguinity; Traditional Chinese culture emphasizes the generality. Therefore, in this kind of culture atmosphere, Chinese people put their family names which represent their ancestors, clans and groups before their given

19、names, which symbols person individuality while the western people not only emphasize individual person and individuality, but also value the independent personality and self-consciousness, they think the given names are life and soul of a person, so they highly value them. Chinese name are not only

20、 influenced by Patriarchy, but also influenced by Confucian-worship. Today, religion influence can also be found in English personal names.1.3 Research abroad In English, the family name is at the end, and the given name is in the front. “The given name could be divided into Christian name (first na

21、me) and middle name (second name)”In western counties, most people have middle names, the number of which can be one, two, three or even more than tens. Middle names are only used in very formal situation for official purpose, such as on a document. Usually people omit them or use the capital letter

22、s instead. As most English speaking people believe in Christianity or Catholic, according to the religious custom, a baby who was born around one week should be baptized and named in the church. So the given name can also be called baptized name or Christian name. Although given names are frequently

23、 referred to as Christian names, this does not mean that the person is a Christian or the name has been given by the church. Nowadays, it is usually used as a synonym for “given name”. Many parents take their baby to church to be baptized, but the given names are chosen by their parents before this.

24、 And even if a person has never been baptized, their names can still be called Christian names2 Comparisons of Chinese names and English names 2.1 Relation between personal name and culturePersonal names are the products of the historical development of human society. They reflect the ancient civili

25、zation and splendid cultures from different respects. The choice of name tells something about human society and reflects the social culture. Therefore, the development of personal names cannot be isolated from the social culture background. Names are the inseparable part of culture and the inevitab

26、le outcome of cultural evolution. Like other linguistic phenomena they play the role of carrier of cultures. Culture influences every aspect of human social life and influences peoples behavior. Personal names are the outcome of peoples behavior, so the influence of culture can be seen from the chan

27、ging of personal names. From their ways of naming, we can find two different cultural values: focus more on family name than surname and emphasize on surname rather than family name.In China, people in their full names put family names in front of their surnames and names which shows their status, f

28、or example, the full name “杨文洁”， family name“杨” is put in the first place .However, name showing status“文”and surname “洁” are put in the second place. Similarly, this is also adopted in a full name that has double family names. For example, “欧阳兰兰”, “欧阳” stands for family name consisting of “欧”and “阳

29、”, and they are put before the name “兰” which shows status and surname “兰”. The way of naming is closed relation to traditional culture of China In English countries, people pay more attention to their individualism and self values and advocate individual struggle and independence, so it is easy to

30、understand their cultural values “putting surnames in the first place”. For example, in the full name “Thomas Alva Edison”, “Thomas” is a individualized surname from church, and “Alva” is a middle name, “Edison” is a family name. These two cultural values are greatly important in cross-culture commu

31、nication between Chinese and English.2.1 Similarities between Chinese and English namesIt is said that every coin has its two sides. We talked about their similarities above, and now, we are going to talk about the differences between Chinese and English name systems and their culture connotation 2.1.1 Tote