广东省中山一中学年高三第一次质量检测考试英语试题19页.docx

广东省中山一中学年高三第一次质量检测考试英语试题19页.docx

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广东省中山一中学年高三第一次质量检测考试英语试题19页

广东省中山一中2019-2020学年高三第一次质量检测考试英语试题

英语

第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）

第一节（共15小题；毎小题2分，满分30分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

A

TheCostaBookAwardsconsistentlypickwinnersthatarebothofthemomentandsubsequentlyendure.It'sourpleasuretoconfirmthisyear'sCategoryWinners.

FirstNovelAwardWinner

Book:

EleanorOliphantisCompletelyFine

Author:

GailHoneyman

Eleanoris31yearsold;workfinishesonaFridayandbeginsagainonaMonday.Between,heronlycompanywillbetwobottlesofvodkaandherownsolitary,uniquewit（机智）.Itiscontentment,ofakind,butanunexpectedsharedexperiencesuddenlyopensthedoortopossibility.Challengingreaderexpectationswithaliving,breathingcharacter,GailHoneyman'sdebutisafunnyandmovingdiamond.

BiographyAwardWinner

Book:

IntheDaysofRain

Author:

RebeccaStott

TheExclusiveBrethrenwereaclosedcommunitywhobelievedtheworldisruledbySatan.IntothisisbornRebecca.HerfatherhadbeenaninfluentialBrethrenMinister.Asherfatherlaydying,hebeggedhertohelphimwritethememoir（回忆录）.HewantedtotellthestoryoftheirfamilywhoforgenerationshadallbeenmembersofafundamentalistChristiansect.

PoetryAwardWinner

Book:

InsidetheWave

Author:

HelenDunmore

Tobealiveistobeinsidethewave,alwaystravellinguntilitbreaksandisgone.Thesepoemsareconcernedwiththeborderlinebetweenthelivingandthedead—theunderworldandthehumanlivingworld—andtheacutelyintensebeingofboth.

Children'sAwardWinner

Book:

TheExplorer

Author:

KatherineRundell,HannahHorn

FourchildrensurvivetheiraircraftplungingintotheAmazonjungle,butforFredandhisfriendsit'sonlythebeginningofacruelbattleforsurvival.Brimmingwithadventureandarealcommandofcharacterandincident,Rundellhasfewpeersinsuperbchildren'sfiction.

1.WhatkindoflifedoesEleanorlead?

A.Boringandlonely.B.Funnyandtouching.C.Excitingandcomplex.D.Ordinaryandhappy.

2.WhydidRebeccaStottwriteIntheDaysofRain?

A.TointroducebeliefsoftheExclusiveBrethren.B.Tohelpherfatherfulfillhislastwish.

C.TosharethelifeoffundamentalistChristians.D.Topassonherfamilytraditions.

3.Forayoungadventuroussoul,whichbookseemsmoreappealing?

A.EleanorOliphantisCompletelyFine.B.IntheDaysofRain.

C.InsidetheWave.D.TheExplorer

B

My11-year-olddaughterhasbeenawardedanacademicscholarshiptoaprivateschool.It’sonlyasmalldiscount,butthescholarshipmeansshe'llskipthewaitinglist—providedmyhusbandandIcancover$20,000ayear.Shouldwepaytheprivateschoolfees,orchoosefreeeducationinstead?

Ialwaysassumedmychildrenwouldgotoaprivateschool,likeIdid.Notbecausemyfamilyiswealthy,butbecauseIbelievethatthebesteducationisprivate.Ittookyearsformetomakepeacewiththefactthatmytwochildrenattendedourlocalpublicprimaryschool.They'llgotoaprivatehighschool,Itoldmyself.Yethereweare.Myeldestisnowinherlastyearofprimaryschool,andmyhusbandandIwillstruggletoaffordprivateschool.Ifso,Icouldincreasemyworkhours.Mylawdegreewassupposedtobemytickettoagoodjobandasolidincome,butthat'snotquitehowitturnedout.

Duringmanysleeplessnights,Ifelttroubledbythedecision.AlthoughIwantthebestformydaughter,Ihavemyowndreamstoo.Ican'tsacrificeeverythingformypreciousgirl.IexplainthatIwanttobeapositiverolemodelformydaughter,andanunhappyparentisaterriblestrainonafamily.Ipointoutthatnoteventheprivilegeofprivateschoolwillprotectmychildrenfromdisappointmentorstruggle.Andfinally,it'sdecided.Mydaughterisgoingtothepublicschoolbehindourhome.Shecouldn'tbemorepleased.

It'stakenmealittlelonger,butnowI'mcontent.Morethanmyfancyprivateschooleducation,it'smyfamilythatshapedme.Withhighschoolnow25yearsinthepast,IcannolongerrememberthemathematicalproblemsandShakespeareanquotesIonceknewsoperfectly.Thelessonsfrommychildhoodhome,however,haveprovedimpossibletoforget.

4.Fromthepassageweknowthat__________________.

A.thescholarshipherdaughterwoncouldcovermostofherschoolfees

B.hertwochildrenattendedtheirlocalprivateprimaryschool.

C.thewriterhadagoodjobandasolidincome.

D.Ittookalongtimeforhertomakethefinaldecision.

5Whydidthewriterwantherdaughtertogotoaprivateschoolatfirst?

A.Becauseherdaughterearnedanacademicscholarship.

B.Becauseshewantedherdaughtertoreceivethebesteducation.

C.Becauseshewantedherdaughtertoskipthewaitinglist.

D.Becauseherdaughter’spotentialwaswastedatthepublicprimaryschool.

6.Theunderlinedword“strain”inparagraph3refersto_______.

A.angerB.comfortC.burdenD.relief

7.Whatdoesthepassageindicate?

A.Parentsshouldmakeeverysacrificefortheirchildren.

B.Financeshouldbetakenintoaccountwhenitcomestoeducation.

C.Privateschooleducationisnotasgoodaspublicschooleducation.

D.Ratherthanschooleducation,familyinfluencesapersonmost.

C

Scientistshavefoundlivingorganismstrappedincrystals（晶体）thatcouldbe50,000yearsold.

Theorganismswerefoundinahot,butbeautifulcavesysteminNaica,Mexico.Theseancientlifeformscanbeseenonlywithamicroscope.PenelopeBoston,wholeadstheAstrobiologyInstituteatNASA,thespaceagencyoftheUnitedStates,saystheancientmicrobeswereabletolivebyeatingmineralssuchasiron.

ShespokeaboutthediscoveryrecentlyatameetingoftheAmericanAssociationfortheAdvancementofScience.Ifthefindingsareconfirmed,theywillshowhowmicrobescansurviveinextremeconditions.Fortydifferentkindsofmicrobesandsomeviruseswerefoundintheundergroundarea.Thegeneticstructuresoftheseorganismsare10percentdifferentfromthoseoftheirnearestrelatives.

ThecavesinNaicaare800kilometersdeep.Theywereonceusedformininglead.Beforetheminersbeganworkinginthecaves,theareawasseparatedfromthesurfaceandtheoutsideworld.SomeofthecavesareasbigasthelargereligiouscentersbuiltduringEurope'sMiddleAges.Therearecrystalscoveringthewalls.Thecavesaresohotthatscientistsmustwearspecialclothingtokeepcool.Theclothingkeepsthecrystalssafefromhumangerms（病菌）orotherdamage.Bostonsaidtheresearcherscouldonlyworkforabout20minutesatatimebeforetheyhadtogotoaroomthatwas38degreesCelsiustocooldown.

NASAofficialswouldnotletBostonshareherfindingswithscientificexpertsbeforelastweek'sannouncement.Soscientistscouldnotsaymuchaboutthefindings.ButNorineNoonan,abiologistwiththeUniversityofSouthFlorida,saidshebelievedthem."Whyarewesurprised?

"Noonanasked."Asabiologist,Iwouldsaylifeonearthisextremelytoughandextremelycolorful."

Bostonisalsostudyingmicrobescommonlyfoundinsidecavesinothercountries,suchasUkraineandtheUnitedStates.Thesemicrobesappeartobeimpossibletokill.Bostonsaidtheyshowhowdifficultlifeonearthcanbe.

8.Theexistenceoftheancientmicrobesrelieson________.

A.surroundinginsectsB.diverseplantsC.eatingmineralsD.absorbingair

9.WhatcanweinferaboutthecavesinNaicafromthepassage?

A.Thewallsarecoveredbycrystals.

B.Thetemperatureinthecavesisquitelow.

C.Thecaveshavebeenexploredsincetheywereformed.

D.Theenvironmentinthecavesisdifficulttoadaptto.

10.WhatisthebiologistNorineNoonan’sattitudetowardsthefindings?

A.CriticalB.PositiveC.DoubtfulD.Indifferent

11.What’sthemainideaofthepassage?

A.Livingorganismsbringhopetoscientificresearch.

B.Scientistsdiscover50,000-year-oldsuperlifeinMexico.

C.Microbesshowgreatpowertosurviveinterribleconditions.

D.Cavesprovidelivingenvironmentforlivingorganisms.

D

Toerrishuman.Toblametheotherguyisevenmorehuman.

Commonsenseisnotallthatcommon.

Whytellthetruthwhenyoucancomeupwithagoodexcuse?

Thesethreepopularmisquotesaremeanttobejokes,andyettheytellusalotabouthumannature.Toerr,ortomakemistakes,isindeedapartofbeinghuman,butitseemsthatmostpeopledon'twanttoaccepttheresponsibilityfortheproblem.Perhapsitisthenaturalthingtodo.Theoriginalquoteabouthumannaturewentlikethis,"Toerrishuman,toforgiveisdivine（神圣的）."Thissayingmirrorsanideal:

Peopleshouldbeforgivingofothers'mistakes.Instead,wetendtodotheopposite—findsomeoneelsetopasstheblameonto.However,takingresponsibilityforsomethingthatwentwrongisamakingofgreatmaturity.

Commonsenseiswhatwecallclearthought.Havingcommonsensemeanshavingagoodgeneralplanthatwillmakethingsworkwell,anditalsomeansstayingwiththeplan.Commonsensetellsyouthatyoutakeanumbrellaoutintoarainstorm,butyouleavetheumbrellahomewhenyouhearaweatherforecastforsunshine.Commonsensedoesnotseemtobecommonforlargeorganizations,becausetherearesomanythingsgoingonthatonepersoncannotbeinchargeofeverything.Peoplesaythatinalargecompany,"therighthanddoesnotknowwhatthelefthandisdoing."

Andwhatiswrongwithasocietythatthinksthatmakingupagoodexcuseislikecreatingaworkofart?

Oneofthecommonproblemswithmakingexcusesisthatpeople,especiallyyoungpeople,gettheideathatit'sokaynottobetotallyhonestallthetime.Thereisacorollary（推论）tothat:

Ifagoodexcuseis"good"evenifitisn'thonest,thenwhereistheplaceofthetruth?

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