高考重点词汇及阅读理解.docx
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高考重点词汇及阅读理解
高考重点词汇及阅读理解
撰稿：
范华 审稿：
牛新革 责编：
陈玉莲
高考词汇表重点词汇用法
spread
（spread,spread）
v.（使）伸展，（使）延伸；蔓延
Ispreadanewclothonthetable.铺
Thebirdspreaditswings.
Thefirespreadquickly.Thecityspreadstothewest.向西延伸
薄薄地涂vt.spreadjamonthebread=spreadthebreadwithjam
（消息）传播；（疾病）蔓延v.
Fliesspreaddiseases.Theyspreadnews/gossip.流言蜚语
Thenews/diseasespreadquickly.
stand
vi.站立，站着Standstill,orIcan’ttakeyourpicture.
v.（使）竖立，摆；位于
Apianostandsinthecorneroftheroom.
Thehousestoodonthehill.
vt.忍受，忍耐Ican’tstandthispain/hotweather.
Shecan’tstandworking/toworkallday.
面对（考验）Thisbuildinghasstoodthetestoftime.经受了考验
standby袖手旁观Howcanyoustandbyanddonothing?
支持Nomatterwhathappens,Iwillstandbyyou.
standfor代替，代表
赞成，支持Hestandsfortheplan.
standout显著，突出Hestoodoutinthecrowd.
卓越，杰出Threeofthecarsstoodoutamong/fromtherest.
n.……台；……几；……架aTVstand;amusicstand乐谱架；apenstand
摊位，小店anewsstand报摊afruitstand
看台（c）
state
n.状态，情况（c;常用单数）Heisinapoorstateofhealth.
Thebuildingisinabadstate.…beinastateofwar
国家，国（常State）theSecretaryofState（美国）国务卿
Therailroadsbelongtothestateinthecountry.属于国有
（美国等的）州astateuniversity州立大学theUnitedStates
vt.陈述，阐明，声明（用于正式场合）
ThePrimeMinisterstatedthathewouldvisitCanadasoon.
stay
vi.停留，暂住stayfordinner/aweek
保持某种状态stayawake/single/seated/open
Theunemploymentratestayedbelow4%.
stayup=situp
n.停留，逗留期间Enjoyyourstayhere.
stick
（stuck,stuck）
v.粘，贴stickastampontheenvelope
Apieceofchewinggumstucktomyshoe.
v.陷入，卡住，被困住Ourcarstuck（wasstuck）inthemud.
Areyoustuckonthequestion?
stickto坚持（规则，想法，计划等）sticktothetruth/plan
n.棍，棒；拐杖（c）
stickytape胶带
still
adv.还，仍然Thereisstillanotherchance.
但还是，尽管如此Themachineisold.Still,itisofsomehelp.
更，还要（与比较级连用）Heistall,buthisbrotherisstilltaller.
adj.静止的，不流动的standstillastillforeststillwater
（场所）寂静的astillevening/town
stress
n.（精神上）紧张，压力（uc;c）
Heisundergreatstressbecauseofhisnewjob/theexam.
强调，重视（u）lay/place/putstressonforeignlanguageeducation
重音，重读=accent
vt.强调Hestressedtheimportanceofcooperation.
strike
（struck;struck/stricken）
v.打，击，撞，攻击，冲击strikeaball
strikeamatchTheclockstruckeight.
（风暴、疾病）侵袭，突然到来
Averybigearthquakestruckthatcountrymanyyearsago.
给……以印象；打动，感动：
HowdoesLondonstrikeyou?
突然想到，引起注意：
Abrightideastruckher.
Itstruckmethatshewascheatingme.
罢工：
strikeforshorterworkinghours
n.罢工:
beon（a）strike
袭击，攻击：
airstrikes
striking:
显著的，引人注意的strikingdifferences
subject
n.主题，题目，话题thesubjectofthepainting/poem主题
let’schangethesubject.话题
学科Wehavetotaketensubjectsatleast.
subjective主观的；主语的
success
n.（uc）成功Confidenceisthekeytosuccess.
achieve/attain/gainsuccess获得成功
成功者，成功的事Themeetingwasagreatsuccess.
succeedvi.成功Hesucceededingettingthejob.
successful（unsuccessful）besuccessfulindoing
such
adj.这样的，如此的suchagoodbook
n.这样的人或物Suchwasthesituationwewerefacing.
andsuch等等Heboughtbooks,pencilsandsuch.
assuch以那种身份/资格，名副其实
Sheisakindwomanandisknownassuch.那是大家都知道的
本身Money,assuch,doesn’tbringhappiness.
such…as…像……的Idon’tlikesuchbooksasherecommends.
such…that…如此……以致……
Itwassuchacolddaythattherewasnobodyonthestreet.
suffer
vi.受（……）苦；患……病sufferfromheartfailure/theinjury
v.遭受（损失，损害，挫败）sufferloss/adefeat/asetback（挫败）
Thecitysufferedseriousdamagefromtheearthquake.
sufferingsn.苦难allthesufferingsduringthewar
suggest
vt.建议；提出（计划，意见等）suggestatourofEurope
Isuggestedgoingtherebytrain.
Isuggestedthatweshouldgotherebytrain.
Isuggestedtothemthattheyshouldgotherebytrain.
暗示，表明Histone（语调）suggestedthathedidn’tcareaboutthematter.
Hispalefacesuggestedthathewasill.
suggestionn.Hemadethesuggestionthatweshouldgotherebytrain.
suit
n.套装wearblacksuitsandwhiteshirts
（为某种用途的）衣服adiving/bathingsuit潜水服；泳装
vt.适合；合……之意Mondaysuitsmefine.对我再合适不过了
Theclimateheresuitsmeverywell.
（衣服的颜色，款式）适合于……Thenewdresssuitsheverywell.
besuitedfor/to适合做……，适宜于……Heissuitedfor/toteaching.
Yourbehaviorwasn’tsuitedto/fortheoccasion.
suitablebookssuitableforchildren
supply
vt.（长时间地）供给，提供
supplyvegetablesuswithvegetables
Themediasupplylotsofinformationtouseveryday.
n.供给，供应（uc）thesupplyofgas煤气的供应
Supplyanddemandareinapproximatebalance.接近平衡
供应量，供应品©alargesupplyofoil/food
生活用品；（军队的）补给，必需品（复数）
householdsupplies家庭用品
Weranoutofthesupplies.粮食用光了
suppose
vt.以为，猜想，料想
Tomsupposedthatshewasateacher.
Whatdoyousupposehegaveme?
---Willhecomewithus?
---Isupposeso./No,Isupposenot=No,Idon’tsupposeso.
Allhisfriendssupposedhertobehiswife.
假定（用于祈使句或相当于条件句）
Supposeyouareright/hertobeyourwife.
Suppose/supposingyouhaveonemilliondollars,whatwouldyoudo?
besupposedtodo理应，按理Heissupposedtoarriveat8.
Wearesupposedtohelpeachother.
benotsupposedtodo不可，不许（委婉地禁止）
Youarenotsupposedtotalktostrangers.
sure
adj.肯定的，确信的，有把握的
（sure表示对事实的主观确信，而certain表根据客观事实或证据确信）
Iamsure/certainhewillwin.Itiscertainhewillwin.
Heissureofsuccess.深信自己会成功
Iamsureaboutit.对这有把握
一定会Heissuretowin.
besureofoneself有自信
besuretodo一定要，务必Besuretocomeearlytomorrow.
forsure肯定的，毫无疑问的Nobodyknewitforsure.
makesure确保；弄确实，查明makesureoftheflightnumber
Makesure（that）youpickmeupat5tomorrow.
sureenough果然；的确Ithoughthewouldcomeandsureenoughhedid.
surprise
vt.使……吃惊/感到意外Thenewssurprisedme.=thenewsis---ing
Iwassurprisedatthenews.
突袭（敌人）surprisetheenemy
n.惊讶（uc）；料想不到的事（c）hissuccessisagreat---tous.
insurprise吃惊得Hesawmethereinsurprise.
toone’ssurprise=tothesurpriseofsomeone
take…bysurprise使……感到意外；突袭
Thequestiontooktheprofessorbysurprise.使教授大感意外
Weweretakenbysurprisewhilesleeping.在睡梦中受到突袭
survive
v.经历（灾难，痛苦）后还活着；还存在---thedivorce
Onlyonebabysurvivedtheterriblecarcrash/fire/earthquake.
Fewhousessurvived（after）thestorm.
switch
v.开关（电器）switchon/offthelight/TV/radio
改变，转换switchseats
…switchsb.fromClassAtoClassB
Let’sswitchtoadifferentsubject.
n.（电器）开关press/flicktheswitch
变化，转换aswitchinthought思想的转变
take
（took,taken）
修（课程）takeanEnglishcourse采取takemeasures/action
搭乘takeabus/train使用/走takethestairs/elevator/thethirdroad
吃，服用takethemedicine/pills吸takeabreathoffreshair
花费Ittakes9hours（forus）togotherebytrain.
需要Ittakesalotofcouragetoadmitmistakes.
记录；量取takenotes/mytemperature/pulse/measurementsforasuit
做（与名词构成词组，意义体现在名词上）
takeawalk/look/bath/rest/nap/break/photo/picture
takedown拿下；写下，记下
take…for…以为，当做takehimforaforeigner
误以为ItookyouforTom.
takein拿进来；欺骗takeinthelittleboy
takeitforgrantedthatothersshouldhelpyou.
takeoff脱下；减去take$5offtheprice
起飞Theplanetookoffverysmoothly.
（事业）腾飞Hiscareertookoff.
takeon呈现，具有thecityhastakenonanewlook.
takeover接管，接办takeoverthecompany/firm/theleadership
takeup占（时间，空间）takeupaweek/toomuchspace
talk
vi.谈论，交谈，talkto/withsb.aboutsth
talksbinto说服某人做……talkhimmotherintobuyinghimapiano
talksboutof说服某人打消某念头talkhimoutofchanginghisjob
speaktosbspeakEnglishsaysthinEnglish
n.谈话；讲话give/haveatalkonAmericanhistory
talkshow访谈节目，脱口秀
talkativeadj.健谈的
taste
vt.尝tastethesouptoseeifitwastoosalty
vi.尝起来有……味道Themilktastessour/bitter.
n.味道，滋味thesenseoftaste
喜好，嗜好Hehasatasteforjazz/fruit.
体验，滋味atasteofpoverty
鉴赏力，口味（uc）Shehasverygoodtasteinmusic/clothes.
toone’staste合口味，中意Thefilmisnottomytaste.
tastydishes可口的
tear
（tore,torn）
v.撕裂，扯破tearthepictureinhalf/intopieces
teartheparcelopen
Shetoreherskirtonanail.
Vt.把……撕掉，扯下（常与from,off,down连用）
…tearthepage/noticedownfromthecalendar/wall
tearat用力扯tearatthecloth/herhair
teardown拆毁（建筑物）teardownoldbuildingstomakewayfortheroad
tear…awayfrom…忍痛离开tearhimawayfromtheTV/computer
tearup撕碎tearuptheletter
n.眼泪（c）shedtearsmovesbtotearsburstintotears
intears含泪，流着眼泪
tell
v.讲，说，告诉tellastory/alie/thetruth
Hetoldmeof/abouthisworries.
吩咐，命令，指示tellsb（not）todosth.
辨别，判断，看出；知道（与can,could,beableto连用，多用于否疑）
Canyoutellthedifferencebetweenthetwo?
Itisdifficulttotellonetwinfromtheother/thetwinsapart.
Noonecantellwhatwillhappeninthefuture.谁也不知道
Youcannevertell.谁也不敢说。
teller（银行）出纳员
tend
vi.倾向，易于……
Hetendstogetangrywhenpeopleopposetohisplan.
Itendtowakeupearlyinthemorning.
Vt.服侍；看护（病人），护理（伤口等）；照管，照料（旧用法）
Thenurseskillfullytendedtheirwounds/thesick.
Theshepherdtendedthesheeponthehillside.
t
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