高考重点词汇及阅读理解.docx

1、高考重点词汇及阅读理解高考重点词汇及阅读理解撰稿：范华 审稿：牛新革 责编：陈玉莲高考词汇表重点词汇用法spread(spread, spread)v. （使）伸展，（使）延伸；蔓延 I spread a new cloth on the table. 铺 The bird spread its wings. The fire spread quickly. The city spreads to the west. 向西延伸 薄薄地涂 vt. spread jam on the bread=spread the bread with jam (消息)传播；（疾病）蔓延 v. Flies sp

2、read diseases. They spread news/gossip. 流言蜚语 The news/disease spread quickly.standvi. 站立，站着 Stand still, or I cant take your picture.v. （使）竖立，摆；位于 A piano stands in the corner of the room. The house stood on the hill.vt. 忍受，忍耐 I cant stand this pain/hot weather. She cant stand working/to work all da

3、y.面对（考验）This building has stood the test of time. 经受了考验stand by 袖手旁观 How can you stand by and do nothing?支持 No matter what happens, I will stand by you.stand for 代替，代表 赞成，支持 He stands for the plan.stand out 显著，突出 He stood out in the crowd.卓越，杰出 Three of the cars stood out among/from the rest.n. 台；几；

4、架 a TV stand; a music stand乐谱架；a pen stand 摊位，小店 a newsstand 报摊 a fruit stand 看台（c）staten. 状态，情况（c; 常用单数）He is in a poor state of health. The building is in a bad state. be in a state of war 国家，国（常State）the Secretary of State (美国)国务卿 The railroads belong to the state in the country. 属于国有 （美国等的）州 a s

5、tate university 州立大学 the United Statesvt. 陈述，阐明，声明（用于正式场合）The Prime Minister stated that he would visit Canada soon.stayvi. 停留，暂住 stay for dinner/a week保持某种状态 stay awake/single/seated/openThe unemployment rate stayed below 4%.stay up=sit upn. 停留，逗留期间 Enjoy your stay here.stick(stuck, stuck) v. 粘，贴 s

6、tick a stamp on the envelope A piece of chewing gum stuck to my shoe.v. 陷入，卡住，被困住 Our car stuck(was stuck) in the mud. Are you stuck on the question? stick to 坚持（规则，想法，计划等）stick to the truth/plan n. 棍，棒；拐杖（c） sticky tape 胶带stilladv. 还，仍然 There is still another chance. 但还是，尽管如此 The machine is old. St

7、ill, it is of some help. 更，还要（与比较级连用） He is tall, but his brother is still taller.adj. 静止的，不流动的 stand still a still forest still water (场所)寂静的 a still evening/townstressn. （精神上）紧张，压力 (uc; c) He is under great stress because of his new job/the exam. 强调，重视(u) lay/place/put stress on foreign language e

8、ducation 重音，重读=accentvt. 强调 He stressed the importance of cooperation.strike(struck; struck/stricken) v. 打，击，撞，攻击，冲击 strike a ball strike a match The clock struck eight. (风暴、疾病)侵袭，突然到来 A very big earthquake struck that country many years ago. 给以印象；打动，感动：How does London strike you? 突然想到，引起注意：A bright

9、 idea struck her. It struck me that she was cheating me. 罢工：strike for shorter working hoursn. 罢工: be on (a) strike 袭击，攻击：air strikes striking: 显著的，引人注意的 striking differencessubjectn. 主题，题目，话题 the subject of the painting/poem主题 lets change the subject.话题 学科 We have to take ten subjects at least. sub

10、jective 主观的；主语的successn. (uc) 成功 Confidence is the key to success. achieve/attain/gain success 获得成功 成功者，成功的事 The meeting was a great success. succeed vi. 成功 He succeeded in getting the job. successful (unsuccessful) be successful in doingsuchadj. 这样的，如此的 such a good book n. 这样的人或物 Such was the situa

11、tion we were facing. and such 等等 He bought books, pencils and such. as such 以那种身份/资格，名副其实 She is a kind woman and is known as such. 那是大家都知道的 本身 Money, as such, doesnt bring happiness. suchas 像的 I dont like such books as he recommends. suchthat 如此以致 It was such a cold day that there was nobody on the

12、 street.suffervi. 受()苦；患病 suffer from heart failure/the injuryv. 遭受（损失，损害，挫败）suffer loss/a defeat/a setback (挫败) The city suffered serious damage from the earthquake. sufferings n. 苦难 all the sufferings during the warsuggestvt. 建议；提出（计划，意见等）suggest a tour of EuropeI suggested going there by train.I

13、suggested that we should go there by train.I suggested to them that they should go there by train.暗示，表明 His tone(语调) suggested that he didnt care about the matter.His pale face suggested that he was ill.suggestion n. He made the suggestion that we should go there by train.suitn. 套装 wear black suits

14、and white shirts （为某种用途的）衣服 a diving/bathing suit 潜水服；泳装vt. 适合；合之意 Monday suits me fine. 对我再合适不过了The climate here suits me very well.(衣服的颜色，款式)适合于 The new dress suits he very well.be suited for/to 适合做，适宜于 He is suited for/to teaching.Your behavior wasnt suited to/for the occasion.suitable books suit

15、able for childrensupplyvt. （长时间地）供给，提供supply vegetables us with vegetablesThe media supply lots of information to us every day.n. 供给，供应（uc）the supply of gas 煤气的供应 Supply and demand are in approximate balance.接近平衡 供应量，供应品 a large supply of oil/food 生活用品；（军队的）补给，必需品（复数） household supplies 家庭用品 We ran

16、out of the supplies.粮食用光了supposevt. 以为，猜想，料想 Tom supposed that she was a teacher.What do you suppose he gave me?-Will he come with us?-I suppose so./No, I suppose not=No, I dont suppose so.All his friends supposed her to be his wife.假定（用于祈使句或相当于条件句）Suppose you are right/her to be your wife.Suppose/s

17、upposing you have one million dollars, what would you do?be supposed to do 理应，按理 He is supposed to arrive at 8.We are supposed to help each other.be not supposed to do 不可，不许（委婉地禁止）You are not supposed to talk to strangers.sureadj. 肯定的，确信的，有把握的 （sure表示对事实的主观确信，而certain表根据客观事实或证据确信） I am sure/certain

18、he will win. It is certain he will win. He is sure of success. 深信自己会成功 I am sure about it. 对这有把握 一定会 He is sure to win. be sure of oneself 有自信 be sure to do 一定要，务必 Be sure to come early tomorrow. for sure 肯定的，毫无疑问的 Nobody knew it for sure. make sure 确保；弄确实，查明 make sure of the flight number Make sure

19、 (that) you pick me up at 5 tomorrow. sure enough 果然；的确 I thought he would come and sure enough he did.surprisevt. 使吃惊/感到意外 The news surprised me.=the news is -ingI was surprised at the news.突袭(敌人) surprise the enemyn. 惊讶（uc）；料想不到的事（c）his success is a great - to us. in surprise 吃惊得 He saw me there i

20、n surprise. to ones surprise=to the surprise of someone take by surprise 使感到意外；突袭 The question took the professor by surprise. 使教授大感意外 We were taken by surprise while sleeping.在睡梦中受到突袭survivev. 经历（灾难，痛苦）后还活着；还存在-the divorce Only one baby survived the terrible car crash/fire/earthquake. Few houses su

21、rvived (after) the storm.switchv. 开关（电器）switch on/off the light/TV/radio 改变，转换 switch seats switch sb. from Class A to Class B Lets switch to a different subject.n. (电器)开关 press/flick the switch 变化，转换 a switch in thought 思想的转变take(took, taken)修（课程） take an English course 采取 take measures/action搭乘 ta

22、ke a bus/train 使用/走 take the stairs/elevator/the third road吃，服用 take the medicine/pills 吸 take a breath of fresh air花费 It takes 9 hours (for us) to go there by train.需要 It takes a lot of courage to admit mistakes.记录；量取 take notes/my temperature/pulse/measurements for a suit做（与名词构成词组，意义体现在名词上）take a

23、walk/look/bath/rest/nap/break/photo/picturetake down 拿下； 写下，记下take for 以为，当做 take him for a foreigner误以为 I took you for Tom.take in 拿进来；欺骗 take in the little boytake it for granted that others should help you.take off 脱下；减去 take $5 off the price起飞 The plane took off very smoothly.（事业）腾飞 His career t

24、ook off.take on 呈现，具有 the city has taken on a new look.take over 接管，接办 take over the company/firm/the leadershiptake up 占（时间，空间）take up a week/too much spacetalkvi. 谈论，交谈，talk to/with sb. about sthtalk sb into 说服某人做 talk him mother into buying him a pianotalk sb out of 说服某人打消某念头 talk him out of chan

25、ging his jobspeak to sb speak English say sth in Englishn. 谈话；讲话 give/have a talk on American historytalk show 访谈节目，脱口秀talkative adj. 健谈的tastevt. 尝 taste the soup to see if it was too saltyvi. 尝起来有味道 The milk tastes sour/bitter.n. 味道，滋味 the sense of taste喜好，嗜好 He has a taste for jazz/fruit.体验，滋味 a t

26、aste of poverty鉴赏力，口味 (uc) She has very good taste in music/clothes.to ones taste 合口味，中意 The film is not to my taste.tasty dishes 可口的tear(tore, torn) v. 撕裂，扯破 tear the picture in half/into piecestear the parcel openShe tore her skirt on a nail.Vt. 把撕掉，扯下 （常与from, off, down连用）tear the page/notice dow

27、n from the calendar/walltear at 用力扯 tear at the cloth/her hairtear down 拆毁（建筑物）tear down old buildings to make way for the roadtear away from 忍痛离开 tear him away from the TV/computertear up 撕碎 tear up the lettern. 眼泪 （c）shed tears move sb to tears burst into tearsin tears 含泪，流着眼泪tellv. 讲，说，告诉 tell a

28、story/a lie/the truth He told me of/about his worries. 吩咐，命令，指示 tell sb (not) to do sth. 辨别，判断，看出；知道（与can, could, be able to连用，多用于否疑） Can you tell the difference between the two? It is difficult to tell one twin from the other/the twins apart. No one can tell what will happen in the future. 谁也不知道 You can never tell. 谁也不敢说。 teller （银行）出纳员tendvi. 倾向，易于He tends to get angry when people oppose to his plan.I tend to wake up early in the morning.Vt. 服侍；看护（病人），护理（伤口等）；照管，照料（旧用法）The nurse skillfully tended their wounds/the sick.The shepherd tended the sheep on the hillside.t