步进电机 英文翻译.docx

步进电机 英文翻译.docx

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步进电机英文翻译

郑州航空工业管理学院

英文翻译

2014届电气工程及其自动化专业班级

姓名学号

指导教师职称

二О一四年2月22日

Steppermotor

Steppermotoristheelectricalpulsesignalintoangulardisplacementorlineardisplacementofanopenloopsteppermotorcontrolelementpieces.Inthecaseofnon-overloading,motorspeed,stoppedpositiondependsonlyonthenumberofpulsefrequencyandpulsesignals,whicharenotaffectedbychangesinload,whenstepperdrivereceivesapulsesignal,itwilldriveasteppermotortherotationaldirectionissettoafixedangle,referredtoas"stepangle",whichisfixedtotherotationalangleofthestepbystepoperation.Thenumberofpulsescanbecontrolledbycontrollingtheamountofangulardisplacement,soastoachieveaccuratepositioning;whilethepulsefrequencycanbecontrolledbycontrollingthemotorrotationspeedandaccelerationtoachievespeedcontrolpurposes.

1.basicintroduction

Steppermotorisaninductionmotor,itworksbyusinganelectroniccircuit.

TheDCpowerintopower-sharing,multi-phasetimingcontrolcurrent,thiscurrentispoweredsteppermotor,steppermotortoworkproperly,thesteppermotordriveispowered-sharing,multi-phasetimingcontroller.

Althoughthesteppermotorhasbeenwidelyused,butthesteppermotordoesnotlikeanordinaryDCmotors,ACmotorsforuseinroutineunder.Itmustbebyatwo-ringpulsesignal,powerdrivercircuitcomposedofthecontrolsystemcanbeused.Somakegooduseofasteppermotor,butnoteasy,itinvolvesalotofexpertiseinmechanical,

electrical,electronicsandcomputers.

Steppermotorsasactuators,isoneofthekeyproductsofmechatronics,widelyusedinavarietyofautomatedcontrolsystems.Withthedevelopmentofmicroelectronicsandcomputertechnology,thegrowingdemandforsteppermotor,hasapplicationsinvariousfieldsofnationaleconomy.

Steppermotorisanelectricalpulseintotheangulardisplacementoftheactuator.Plainlyspeaking:

Whenthestepperdrivereceivesapulsesignal,itwilldriveasteppermotortosetthedirectionofrotationofafixedangle（ie,stepangle.Thenumberofpulsescanbecontrolledbycontrollingtheamountofangulardisplacement,soastoachieveaccuratepositioning;whilethepulsefrequencycanbecontrolledbycontrollingthemotorrotationspeedandaccelerationtoachievespeedcontrolpurposes.

2.majorcategories

Therearethreemaintypesofsteppermotorsinthestructure:

Reaction（VariableReluctance,VR,permanentmagnet（PermanentMagnet,PMandhybrid（HybridStepping,HS.

Reaction:

thestatorwindings,therotorsoftmagneticmaterial.Simplestructure,lowcost,smallstepangleupto1.2°,butpoordynamicperformance,lowefficiency,heatalarge,difficulttoguaranteereliability.

Permanentmagnet:

permanentmagnetsteppermotorswithpermanentmagnetrotormaterial,thenumberofpolesoftherotorandthestatorofthesamenumberofpoles.Whichischaracterizedbygooddynamic

performance,outputtorque,thismotorbutpooraccuracy,alargestepangle（typically7.5°or15°.

Hybrid:

acombinationofhybridsteppingmotorsandpermanentmagnetreactiveadvantageofitsmulti-phasewindingsonthestator,therotorpermanentmagnetmaterial,therotorandthestatorteethareanumberofsmallstepstoimprovetheaccuracyofthemoment.Itfeaturesanoutputtorque,gooddynamicperformance,stepangleissmall,butthestructureiscomplex,thecostisrelativelyhigh.

Pressthestatorwindingstopoints,atotaloftwo-phase,three-phaseandfiveequalseries.Mostpopularisthetwo-phasehybridsteppingmotor,accountingformorethan97%marketshare,thereasonisthehighcost,coupledwithgoodresultsafterthebreakdownofthedrive.Thiskindofbasicstepangleofthemotor1.8°/step,halfstepbackcoupledwiththedrivetoreducethestepangleof0.9°,coupledwithsub-driveafteritsstepanglecanbebrokenupto256-fold（0.007°/microstep.Duetofrictionandmanufacturingprecisionandotherreasons,theactualcontrolaccuracyisslightlylower.Samesteppermotorscanbeequippedwithdifferentsegmentsofthedrivetochangetheprecisionandeffectiveness.

3.selectionmethod

Steppermotoranddriveselectionmethods:

Determinehowmuchtorqueisrequired:

statictorquesteppermotoristochooseoneofthemainparameters.Loadislarge,requirestheuseofhightorquemotor.Indicatorsbigmoment,themotorappearanceisalsolarge.

Determinemotorspeed:

highspeedrequirements,shouldbeselectedphasecurrentislarger,smallerinductormotorstoincreasepowerinput.Andselectthedrivewhenusinghighersupplyvoltages.

Selectmotorinstallationspecifications:

as57,86,110,themainrequirementsforthemoment.

Determinetheprecisionpositioningrequirementsandvibrationaspectsofthecase:

todeterminewhethertherequiredsegments,thenumberofsegmentsrequired.

Accordingtothemotorcurrent,supplyvoltagebreakdownandselectthedrive.

4.BasicPrinciples

Works

Therotorisapermanentmagnetmotortypically,whenacurrentflowsthroughthestatorwindings,thestatorwindinggeneratesamagneticfieldvector.Therotatingmagneticfieldtodrivetherotoratananglesuchthatthemagneticfieldofthestatorisconsistentwithadirectionofthemagneticfieldoftherotor.Whenthestatormagneticfieldvectorrotationangle.Astherotorsturnafieldangle.Eachinputanelectricalpulse,themotorrotationangleforward.Thenumberofpulsesproportionaltotheangulardisplacementoftheoutputanditsinput,thepulsefrequencyisproportionaltotherotationalspeed.Changetheorderofthewindingisenergized,themotorwillreverse.Therefore,thenumberofpulsescanbeusedtocontrolpower-onsequence,frequencyandmotorwindingstocontroleachphasesteppermotorrotation.

Feverprinciple

Usuallyseeallkindsofmotors,areallinsidethecoreandwindings.Windingsresistance,powerwillproduceloss,thelossisproportionaltothesquareofthesizeoftheresistanceandcurrent,andthisiswhatweoftensaythatthecopperlosses,ifthecurrentisnotastandardDCorsinewave,butalsoproduceharmoniclosses;corehashysteresiseddycurrenteffect,inthealternatingmagneticfieldwillproducelosses,itssizeandmaterials,current,frequency,voltagedependent,calledironloss.Copperandironlossesaremanifestedintheformofheat,thusaffectingtheefficiencyofthemotor.Steppermotorsaregenerallypursuepositioningaccuracyandtorqueoutput,efficiencyisrelativelylow,thecurrentisgenerallyrelativelylarge,andthehighharmoniccomponents,thefrequencyofthealternatingcurrentwiththespeedofchange,thussteppingmotorwidespreadfevercasesandsituationsthanthegeneralsevereACmotor.

5.majortectonic

Steppingmotorisalsocalledastepper,whichusestheprincipleofelectromagnetic,mechanicalenergyisconvertedtoelectricalenergy,Peopleasearlyasthe1920sbegantousethismotor.Asembeddedsystems（suchasprinters,diskdrives,toys,wipers,pagervibration,mechanicalarmandvideorecorders,etc.oftheincreasinglypopularuseofthesteppermotoralsobegansurge.Whetherinindustrial,military,medical,automotiveorentertainmentindustry,aslongasapieceoftheobjectneedstobemovedfromonelocationtoanother,thesteppermotorwillcertainlycomeinhandy.Steppermotorshavemanyshapesandsizes,butregardlessofhowtheshapeandsize,theycanbeclassifiedintotwocategories:

avariablereluctancesteppermotorsandpermanentmagnet

steppermotors.

Asteppermotoriswoundonthemotorfixingpart-thestatorcoilsdrivenalveolar.Typically,aring-shapedmetalwirecalledasolenoidwinding,andinthemotor,theteetharoundthewindingwireiscalledthecoilorphase.

6.indexterms

Staticindexterms

1,numberofphases:

producedifferentonpoleN,Smagneticexcitationcoilpairs.Commonmsaid.

2,Beats:

cyclicalchangesinthemagneticfieldrequiredtocompleteanumberofpulsesorconductivestatewithn,orrefertothemotorturnedapitchanglerequirednumberofpulsestofour-phasemotor,forexample,therearefourwayswithfour-runshotthatAB-BC-CD-DA-AB,four-phaseeight-shotoperationThatwayA-AB-B-BC-C-CD-D-DA-A.3,stepangle:

correspondstoapulsesignal,theangulardisplacementoftherotorturnisrepresentedbyθ.θ=360degrees/（numberofrotorteeth*runshottotheconventionaltwo,four-phase,therotorteeth50teethmotor,forexample.Fourbeatsrunningstepangleisθ=360degrees/（50*4=1.8degrees（commonlyknownasthefullstep,eight-shotoperationstepangleofθ=360degrees/（50*8=0.9degrees（commonlyknownashalf-step.

4,thedetenttorque:

motorisnotenergizedinthestateitselflockedrotortorque（harmonicsandmechanicalerrorbythemagneticfieldcausedbythetooth.

5,statictorque:

motoratratedstaticelectricityeffect,themotordoes

notrotateswhenthemotorshaftlockingtorque.Thismomentisameasureofthevolumeofthestandardmotor,regardlessofthedrivingvoltageanddrivingpowersupply.Althoughstatictorqueisproportionaltotheelectromagneticexcitationampere-turns,andsettheairgapbetweentherotorteethrelated,butovertheuseoftheairgapdecreases,increasingtheexcitationampere-turnstoincreasethestatictorqueisnotdesirable,thiswillcausemotorheatingandmechanicalnoise.

DynamicIndicatorsterm

1,stepangleaccuracy:

steppermotorturnedeveryerrorbetweentheactualvalueandthetheoreticalvalueofastepangle.Expressedasapercentage:

error/stepangle*