步进电机 英文翻译.docx

1、步进电机 英文翻译郑州航空工业管理学院英文翻译2014 届电气工程及其自动化专业班级姓名学号指导教师职称二一四年 2 月22 日Stepper motorStepper motor is the electrical pulse signal into angular displacement or linear displacement of an open loop stepper motor control element pieces . In the case of non- overloading , motor speed , stopped position depends o

2、nly on the number of pulse frequency and pulse signals , which are not affected by changes in load , when stepper drive receives a pulse signal , it will drive a stepper motor the rotational direction is set to a fixed angle , referred to as step angle , which is fixed to the rotational angle of the

3、 step by step operation . The number of pulses can be controlled by controlling the amount of angular displacement , so as to achieve accurate positioning ; while the pulse frequency can be controlled by controlling the motor rotation speed and acceleration to achieve speed control purposes .1. basi

4、c introductionStepper motor is an induction motor, it works by using an electronic circuit .The DC power into power -sharing , multi-phase timing control current, this current is powered stepper motor , stepper motor to work properly, the stepper motor drive is powered -sharing , multi-phase timing

5、controller .Although the stepper motor has been widely used, but the stepper motor does not like an ordinary DC motors, AC motors for use in routine under . It must be by a two- ring pulse signal , power driver circuit composed of the control system can be used. So make good use of a stepper motor ,

6、 but not easy, it involves a lot of expertise in mechanical ,electrical , electronics and computers.Stepper motors as actuators , is one of the key products of mechatronics , widely used in a variety of automated control systems. With the development of microelectronics and computer technology, the

7、growing demand for stepper motor , has applications in various fields of national economy .Stepper motor is an electrical pulse into the angular displacement of the actuator. Plainly speaking : When the stepper drive receives a pulse signal , it will drive a stepper motor to set the direction of rot

8、ation of a fixed angle ( ie, step angle . The number of pulses can be controlled by controlling the amount of angular displacement , so as to achieve accurate positioning ; while the pulse frequency can be controlled by controlling the motor rotation speed and acceleration to achieve speed control p

9、urposes .2. major categoriesThere are three main types of stepper motors in the structure : Reaction (Variable Reluctance, VR, permanent magnet (Permanent Magnet, PM and hybrid (Hybrid Stepping, HS.Reaction: the stator windings , the rotor soft magnetic material. Simple structure, low cost , small s

10、tep angle up to 1.2 , but poor dynamic performance , low efficiency, heat a large , difficult to guarantee reliability .Permanent magnet : permanent magnet stepper motors with permanent magnet rotor material, the number of poles of the rotor and the stator of the same number of poles . Which is char

11、acterized by good dynamicperformance, output torque, this motor but poor accuracy , a large step angle (typically 7.5 or 15 .Hybrid : a combination of hybrid stepping motors and permanent magnet reactive advantage of its multi-phase windings on the stator , the rotor permanent magnet material , the

12、rotor and the stator teeth are a number of small steps to improve the accuracy of the moment . It features an output torque, good dynamic performance, step angle is small, but the structure is complex, the cost is relatively high.Press the stator windings to points , a total of two-phase , three-pha

13、se and five equal series. Most popular is the two-phase hybrid stepping motor , accounting for more than 97 % market share , the reason is the high cost , coupled with good results after the breakdown of the drive. This kind of basic step angle of the motor 1.8 / step , half step back coupled with t

14、he drive to reduce the step angle of 0.9 , coupled with sub-drive after its step angle can be broken up to 256 -fold (0.007 / micro step . Due to friction and manufacturing precision and other reasons , the actual control accuracy is slightly lower . Same stepper motors can be equipped with differen

15、t segments of the drive to change the precision and effectiveness.3. selection methodStepper motor and drive selection methods :Determine how much torque is required : static torque stepper motor is to choose one of the main parameters. Load is large, requires the use of high torque motor. Indicator

16、s big moment , the motor appearance is also large.Determine motor speed : high speed requirements , should be selected phase current is larger , smaller inductor motors to increase power input. And select the drive when using higher supply voltages.Select motor installation specifications : as 57,86

17、,110 , the main requirements for the moment .Determine the precision positioning requirements and vibration aspects of the case : to determine whether the required segments, the number of segments required .According to the motor current , supply voltage breakdown and select the drive .4. Basic Prin

18、ciplesWorksThe rotor is a permanent magnet motor typically , when a current flows through the stator windings , the stator winding generates a magnetic field vector . The rotating magnetic field to drive the rotor at an angle such that the magnetic field of the stator is consistent with a direction

19、of the magnetic field of the rotor. When the stator magnetic field vector rotation angle. As the rotors turn a field angle . Each input an electrical pulse , the motor rotation angle forward. The number of pulses proportional to the angular displacement of the output and its input , the pulse freque

20、ncy is proportional to the rotational speed . Change the order of the winding is energized , the motor will reverse. Therefore, the number of pulses can be used to control power-on sequence , frequency and motor windings to control each phase stepper motor rotation .Fever principleUsually see all ki

21、nds of motors , are all inside the core and windings . Windings resistance , power will produce loss , the loss is proportional to the square of the size of the resistance and current , and this is what we often say that the copper losses , if the current is not a standard DC or sine wave , but also

22、 produce harmonic losses ; core has hysteresis eddy current effect , in the alternating magnetic field will produce losses , its size and materials , current, frequency , voltage dependent , called iron loss. Copper and iron losses are manifested in the form of heat , thus affecting the efficiency o

23、f the motor . Stepper motors are generally pursue positioning accuracy and torque output , efficiency is relatively low, the current is generally relatively large, and the high harmonic components , the frequency of the alternating current with the speed of change, thus stepping motor widespread fev

24、er cases and situations than the general severe AC motor .5. major tectonicStepping motor is also called a stepper , which uses the principle of electromagnetic , mechanical energy is converted to electrical energy , People as early as the 1920s began to use this motor . As embedded systems ( such a

25、s printers, disk drives , toys, wipers, pager vibration , mechanical arm and video recorders , etc. of the increasingly popular use of the stepper motor also began surge. Whether in industrial, military , medical, automotive or entertainment industry , as long as a piece of the object needs to be mo

26、ved from one location to another , the stepper motor will certainly come in handy. Stepper motors have many shapes and sizes, but regardless of how the shape and size , they can be classified into two categories : a variable reluctance stepper motors and permanent magnetstepper motors.A stepper moto

27、r is wound on the motor fixing part - the stator coils driven alveolar . Typically , a ring-shaped metal wire called a solenoid winding , and in the motor , the teeth around the winding wire is called the coil or phase .6. index termsStatic index terms1, number of phases : produce different on pole

28、N, S magnetic excitation coil pairs. Common m said .2, Beats: cyclical changes in the magnetic field required to complete a number of pulses or conductive state with n, or refer to the motor turned a pitch angle required number of pulses to four-phase motor, for example , there are four ways with fo

29、ur -run shot that AB-BC-CD-DA-AB, four-phase eight-shot operation That way A-AB-B-BC-C-CD-D-DA-A. 3, step angle : corresponds to a pulse signal , the angular displacement of the rotor turn is repre sented by . = 360 degrees / ( number of rotor teeth * run shot to the conventional two , four-phase ,

30、the rotor teeth 50 teeth motor, for example . Four beats running step angle is = 360 degrees / ( 50 * 4 = 1.8 degrees ( commonly known as the full step , eight-shot operation step angle of = 360 degrees / ( 50 * 8 = 0.9 degrees ( commonly known as half-step .4, the detent torque : motor is not energ

31、ized in the state itself locked rotor torque ( harmonics and mechanical error by the magnetic field caused by the tooth .5, static torque : motor at rated static electricity effect, the motor doesnot rotates when the motor shaft locking torque. This moment is a measure of the volume of the standard

32、motor , regardless of the driving voltage and driving power supply. Although static torque is proportional to the electromagnetic excitation ampere-turns , and set the air gap between the rotor teeth related, but over the use of the air gap decreases , increasing the excitation ampere-turns to increase the static torque is not desirable, this will cause motor heating and mechanical noise.Dynamic Indicators term1,step angle accuracy: stepper motor turned every error between the actual value and the theoretical value of a step angle . Expressed as a percentage : error / step angle *