考研英语二阅读真题及答案.docx

考研英语二阅读真题及答案.docx

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考研英语二阅读真题及答案

考研英语二阅读真题及答案

英语二

　　SectionⅡReadingComprehension

　　PartA

　　Directions：

Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsaftereachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.（40points）

　　Text1

　　EverySaturdaymorning,at9am,morethan50,000runnerssetofftorun5kmaroundtheirlocalpark.TheParkrunphenomenonbeganwithadozenfriendsandhasinspired400eventsintheUKandmoreabroad.Eventsarefree,staffedbythousandsofvolunteers.Runnersrangefromfouryearsoldtograndparents;theirtimesrangefromAndrewBaddeley’sworldrecord13minutes48secondsuptoanhour.

　　ParkrunissucceedingwhereLondon’sOlympic“legacy”isfailing.TenyearsagoonMonday,itwasannouncedthattheGamesofthe30thOlympiadwouldbeinLondon.PlanningdocumentspledgedthatthegreatlegacyoftheGameswouldbetolevelanationofsportloversawayfromtheircouches。

Thepopulationwouldbefitter,healthierandproducemorewinners.Ithasnothappened.Thenumberofadultsdoingweeklysportdidrise,bynearly2millionintherun—upto2012—butthegeneralpopulationwasgrowingfaster.Worse,thenumbersarenowfallingatanacceleratingrate.Theoppositionclaimsprimaryschoolpupilsdoingatleasttwohoursofsportaweekhavenearlyhalved.Obesityhasrisenamongadultsandchildren.OfficialretrospectionscontinueastowhyLondon2012failedto“inspireageneration.”ThesuccessofParkrunoffersanswers。

　　Parkunisnotaracebutatimetrial:

Youronlycompetitoristheclock.Theethoswelcomesanybody.Thereisasmuchjoyoverapuffed-outfirst-timerbeingclappedoverthelineasthereisabouttoptalentshining.TheOlympicbidders,bycontrast,wantedtogetmorepeopledoingsportsandtoproducemoreeliteathletes.Thedualaimwasmixedup:

Thestressonsuccessovertakingpartwasintimidatingfornewcomers.

　　Indeed,thereissomethingalittleabsurdinthestategettinginvolvedintheplanningofsuchafundamentally“grassroots”,conceptascommunitysportsassociations.Ifthereisaroleforgovernment,itshouldreallybegettinginvolvedinprovidingcommongoods—makingsurethereisspaceforplayingfieldsandthemoneytopavetennisandnetballcourts,andencouragingtheprovisionofalltheseactivitiesinschools.Butsuccessivegovernmentshavepresidedoversellinggreenspaces,squeezingmoneyfromlocalauthoritiesanddecliningattentiononsportineducation。

Insteadofwordy,worthystrategies,futuregovernmentsneedtodomoretoprovidetheconditionsforsporttothrive.Oratleastnotmakethemworse.

　　1.AccordingtoParagraph1,Parkrunhas______.

　　[A]gainedgreatpopularity

　　[B]createdmanyjobs

　　[C]strengthenedcommunityties

　　[D]becomeanofficialfestival

　　【答案】A

　　【解析】答案为A。

通过题干可以定位在第一段，可以通过，每天超过五万人跑步、引发了400场运动在英国和在国外等信息得知，公园跑很受欢迎。

　　2.TheauthorbelievesthatLondon’sOlympic“legacy”hasfailedto______.

　　[A]boostpopulationgrowth

　　[B]promotesportparticipation

　　[C]improvethecity’simage

　　[D]increasesporthoursinschools

　　【答案】B

　　【解析】答案为B。

通过题干伦敦和奥林匹克遗产可以定位到第二段，题目问的是伦敦奥运会的遗产没有做成什么事，题干中的failedto可以对应第二段即使看到了failing，但并没有答案。

再往下看，伦敦奥运会承诺，人口将会更健康、更多冠军，但这并没有发生，nothapped才真正对应failedto.

　　3.ParkrunisdifferentfromOlympicgamesinthatit______.

　　[A]aimsatdiscoveringtalents

　　[B]focusesonmasscompetition

　　[C]doesnotemphasizeelitism

　　[D]doesnotattractfirst-timers

　　【答案】C

　　【解析】答案为C。

这道题定位在第三段的中间，奥林匹克的倡导者相反，想要更多的参与运动创造更多的精英。

　　4.Withregardtomasssport,theauthorholdsthatgovernmentsshould______.

　　[A]organize“grassroots”sportsevents

　　[B]superviselocalsportsassociations

　　[C]increasefundsforsportsclubs

　　[D]investinpublicsportsfacilities

　　【答案】D

　　【解析】答案为D。

提到大众体育，作者认为政府应该投资公共的体育设施。

政府在第四段的中间，讲到政府应该训练的空间、用钱去铺设网球场。

这里是答案的同意转换。

　　5.Theauthor’sattitudetowhatUKgovernmentshavedoneforsportsis______.

　　[A]tolerant

　　[B]critical

　　[C]uncertain

　　[D]sympathetic

　　【答案】B

　　【解析】答案为B。

最后一段but转折后说，继任的政府卖绿地、减少本地政府的预算同时减少在体育方面的关注度，所以持批判态度。

　　Text2

　　Withsomuchfocusonchildren'suseofscreens,it'seasyforparentstoforgetabouttheirownscreenuse.“Techisdesignedtoreallysuckonyouin,”saysJennyRadeskyinherstudyofdigitalplay,“anddigitalproductsaretheretopromotemaximalengagement.Itmakesithardtodisengage,andleadstoalotofbleed-overintothefamilyroutine.”

　　Radeskyhasstudiedtheuseofmobilephonesandtabletsatmealtimesbygivingmother-childpairsafood-testingexercise.Shefoundthatmotherswhosueddevicesduringtheexercisestarted20percentfewerverbaland39percentfewernonverbalinteractionswiththeirchildren.Duringaseparateobservation,shesawthatphonesbecameasourceoftensioninthefamily.Parentswouldbelookingattheiremailswhilethechildrenwouldbemakingexcitedbidsfortheirattention.

　　Infantsarewiredtolookatparents'facestotrytounderstandtheirworld,andifthosefacesareblankandunresponsive—astheyoftenarewhenabsorbedinadevice—itcanbeextremelydisconcertingfoethechildren.Radeskycitesthe“stillfaceexperiment”devisedbydevelopmentalpsychologistEdTronickinthe1970s.Init,amotherisaskedtointeractwithherchildinanormalwaybeforeputtingonablankexpressionandnotgivingthemanyvisualsocialfeedback;Thechildbecomesincreasinglydistressedasshetriestocapturehermother'sattention.“Parentsdon'thavetobeexquisitelyparentsatalltimes,butthereneedstobeabalanceandparentsneedtoberesponsiveandsensitivetoachild'sverbalornonverbalexpressionsofanemotionalneed,”saysRadesky.

　　Ontheotherhand,Tronickhimselfisconcernedthattheworriesaboutkids'useofscreensarebornoutofan"oppressiveideologythatdemandsthatparentsshouldalwaysbeinteracting"withtheirchildren:

“It'sbasedonasomewhatfantasized,verywhite,veryupper-middle-classideologythatsaysifyou'refailingtoexposeyourchildto30,000wordsyouareneglectingthem.”Tronickbelievesthatjustbecauseachildisn'tlearningfromthescreendoesn'tmeanthere'snovaluetoit—particularlyifitgivesparentstimetohaveashower,dohouseworkorsimplyhaveabreakfromtheirchild.Parents,hesays,cangetalotoutofusingtheirdevicestospeaktoafriendorgetsomeworkoutoftheway.Thiscanmakethemfeelhappier,whichletsthenbemoreavailabletotheirchildtherestofthetime.

　　26.AccordingtoJennyRadesky,digitalproductsaredesignedto______.

　　[A]simplifyroutinematters

　　[B]absorbuserattention

　　[C]betterinterpersonalrelations

　　[D]increaseworkefficiency

　　【答案】B

　　【解析】答案为B。

细节题。

根据题原文第一段“……digitalproductsaretheretopromotemaximalengagement.”可知，B选项中absorb和promote对应，userattention和engagement对应。

　　27.Radesky'sfood-testingexerciseshowsthatmothers'useofdevices______.

　　[A]takesawaybabies'appetite

　　[B]distractschildren'sattention

　　[C]slowsdownbabies'verbaldevelopment

　　[D]reducesmother-childcommunication

　　【答案】D

　　【解析】答案为D。

细节题。

根据原文第二段“Shefoundthatmotherswhosueddevicesduringtheexercisestarted20percentfewerverbaland39percentfewernonverbalinteractionswiththeirchildren.”可知，D选项中reducecommunication和startedfewerverbalandfewernonverbalinteractions对应。

　　28.Radesky'scitesthe"stillfaceexperiment"toshowthat_______.

　　[A]itiseasyforchildrentogetusedtoblankexpressions

　　[B]verbalexpressionsareunnecessaryforemotionalexchange

　　[C]childrenareinsensitivetochangesintheirparents'mood

　　[D]parentsneedtorespondtochildren'semotionalneeds

　　【答案】D

　　【解析】答案为D。

例证题。

根据原文第三段“……thereneedstobeabalanceandparentsneedtoberesponsiveandsensitivetoachild'sverbalornonverbalexpressionsofanemotionalneed”可知，D选项中needtorespondtochildren'semotionalneeds和本句同意替换。

因此D选项是正确选项。

　　29.TheoppressiveideologymentionedbyTronickrequiresparentsto_______.

　　[A]protectkidsfromexposuretowildfantasies

　　[B]teachtheirkidsatleast30,000wordsayear

　　[C]ensureconstantinteractionwiththeirchildren

　　[D]remainconcernedaboutkid'suseofscreens

　　【答案】C

　　【解析】答案为C。

细节题。

根据原文第四段“……oppressiveideologythatdemandsthatparentsshouldalwaysbeinteractingwiththeirchildren.”可知，C选项中constantinteraction与alwaysbeinteracting同义替换，因此C选项是正确选项。

　　30.AccordingtoTronick,kid'suseofscreensmay_______.

　　[A]givetheirparentssomefreetime

　　[B]maketheirparentsmorecreative

　　[C]helpthemwiththeirhomework

　　[D]helpthembecomemoreattentive

　　【答案】A

　　【解析】答案为A。

细节题。

根据原文第四段“……particularlyifitgivesparentstimetohaveashower,dohouseworkorsimplyhaveabreakfromtheirchild.”可知，A选项givetheirparentssomefreetime和givesparentstime同义替换。

　　Text3

　　Today,widespreadsocialpressuretoimmediatelygotocollegeinconjunctionwithincreasinglyhighexpectationsinafast-movingworldoftencausesstudentstocompletelyoverlookthepossibilityoftakingagapyear.Afterall,ifeveryoneyouknowisgoingtocollegeinthefall,itseemssillytostaybackayear,doesn'tit?

Andaftergoingtoschoolfor12years,itdoesn'tfeelnaturaltospendayeardoingsomethingthatisn'tacademic.

　　Butwhilethismaybetrue,it'snotagoodenoughreasontocondemngapyears.There'salwaysaconstantfearoffallingbehindeveryoneelseonthesociallyperpetuated"racetothefinishline,"whetherthatbetowardgraduateschool,medicalschoolorlucrativecareer.Butdespitecommonmisconceptions,agapyeardoesnothinderthesuccessofacademicpursuits-infact,itprobablyenhancesit.

　　StudiesfromtheUnitedStatesandAustraliashowthatstudentswhotakeagapyeararegenerallybetterpreparedforandperformbetterincollegethanthosewho