考研英语二阅读真题及答案.docx

1、考研英语二阅读真题及答案考研英语二阅读真题及答案英语二Section Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections：Read the following four texts. Answer the questions after each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (40 points)Text 1Every Saturday morning, at 9 am, more than 50,000 runners set off to run 5km ar

2、ound their local park. The Parkrun phenomenon began with a dozen friends and has inspired 400 events in the UK and more abroad. Events are free, staffed by thousands of volunteers. Runners range from four years old to grandparents; their times range from Andrew Baddeleys world record 13 minutes 48 s

3、econds up to an hour.Parkrun is succeeding where Londons Olympic “legacy” is failing. Ten years ago on Monday, it was announced that the Games of the 30th Olympiad would be in London. Planning documents pledged that the great legacy of the Games would be to level a nation of sport lovers away from t

4、heir couches。 The population would be fitter, healthier and produce more winners. It has not happened. The number of adults doing weekly sport did rise, by nearly 2 million in the runup to 2012but the general population was growing faster. Worse, the numbers are now falling at an accelerating rate.

5、The opposition claims primary school pupils doing at least two hours of sport a week have nearly halved. Obesity has risen among adults and children. Official retrospections continue as to why London 2012 failed to “inspire a generation.” The success of Parkrun offers answers。Parkun is not a race bu

6、t a time trial: Your only competitor is the clock. The ethos welcomes anybody. There is as much joy over a puffed-out first-timer being clapped over the line as there is about top talent shining. The Olympic bidders, by contrast, wanted to get more people doing sports and to produce more elite athle

7、tes. The dual aim was mixed up: The stress on success over taking part was intimidating for newcomers.Indeed, there is something a little absurd in the state getting involved in the planning of such a fundamentally “grassroots”, concept as community sports associations. If there is a role for govern

8、ment, it should really be getting involved in providing common goodsmaking sure there is space for playing fields and the money to pave tennis and netball courts, and encouraging the provision of all these activities in schools. But successive governments have presided over selling green spaces, squ

9、eezing money from local authorities and declining attention on sport in education。 Instead of wordy, worthy strategies, future governments need to do more to provide the conditions for sport to thrive. Or at least not make them worse.1.According to Paragraph1, Parkrun has_.A gained great popularityB

10、 created many jobsC strengthened community tiesD become an official festival【答案】A【解析】答案为A。通过题干可以定位在第一段，可以通过，每天超过五万人跑步、引发了400场运动在英国和在国外等信息得知，公园跑很受欢迎。2.The author believes that Londons Olympic “legacy” has failed to_.A boost population growthB promote sport participationC improve the citys imageD incr

11、ease sport hours in schools【答案】B【解析】答案为B。通过题干伦敦和奥林匹克遗产可以定位到第二段，题目问的是伦敦奥运会的遗产没有做成什么事，题干中的failed to可以对应第二段即使看到了failing，但并没有答案。再往下看，伦敦奥运会承诺，人口将会更健康、更多冠军，但这并没有发生，not happed才真正对应failed to.3.Parkrun is different from Olympic games in that it_.A aims at discovering talentsB focuses on mass competitionC doe

12、s not emphasize elitismD does not attract first-timers【答案】C【解析】答案为C。这道题定位在第三段的中间，奥林匹克的倡导者相反，想要更多的参与运动创造更多的精英。4.With regard to mass sport, the author holds that governments should_.A organize “grassroots” sports eventsB supervise local sports associationsC increase funds for sports clubsD invest in p

13、ublic sports facilities【答案】D【解析】答案为D。提到大众体育，作者认为政府应该投资公共的体育设施。政府在第四段的中间，讲到政府应该训练的空间、用钱去铺设网球场。这里是答案的同意转换。5.The authors attitude to what UK governments have done for sports is_.A tolerantB criticalC uncertainD sympathetic【答案】B【解析】答案为B。最后一段but转折后说，继任的政府卖绿地、减少本地政府的预算同时减少在体育方面的关注度，所以持批判态度。Text 2With so m

14、uch focus on childrens use of screens, its easy for parents to forget about their own screen use. “Tech is designed to really suck on you in,” says Jenny Radesky in her study of digital play, “and digital products are there to promote maximal engagement. It makes it hard to disengage, and leads to a

15、 lot of bleed-over into the family routine.”Radesky has studied the use of mobile phones and tablets at mealtimes by giving mother-child pairs a food-testing exercise. She found that mothers who sued devices during the exercise started 20 percent fewer verbal and 39 percent fewer nonverbal interacti

16、ons with their children. During a separate observation, she saw that phones became a source of tension in the family. Parents would be looking at their emails while the children would be making excited bids for their attention.Infants are wired to look at parents faces to try to understand their wor

17、ld, and if those faces are blank and unresponsive as they often are when absorbed in a device it can be extremely disconcerting foe the children. Radesky cites the “still face experiment” devised by developmental psychologist Ed Tronick in the 1970s. In it, a mother is asked to interact with her chi

18、ld in a normal way before putting on a blank expression and not giving them any visual social feedback; The child becomes increasingly distressed as she tries to capture her mothers attention. “Parents dont have to be exquisitely parents at all times, but there needs to be a balance and parents need

19、 to be responsive and sensitive to a childs verbal or nonverbal expressions of an emotional need,” says Radesky.On the other hand, Tronick himself is concerned that the worries about kids use of screens are born out of an oppressive ideology that demands that parents should always be interacting wit

20、h their children: “Its based on a somewhat fantasized, very white, very upper-middle-class ideology that says if youre failing to expose your child to 30,000 words you are neglecting them.” Tronick believes that just because a child isnt learning from the screen doesnt mean theres no value to itpart

21、icularly if it gives parents time to have a shower, do housework or simply have a break from their child. Parents, he says, can get a lot out of using their devices to speak to a friend or get some work out of the way. This can make them feel happier, which lets then be more available to their child

22、 the rest of the time.26. According to Jenny Radesky, digital products are designed to _.Asimplify routine mattersBabsorb user attentionCbetter interpersonal relationsDincrease work efficiency【答案】B【解析】答案为B。细节题。根据题原文第一段“digital products are there to promote maximal engagement.”可知，B选项中absorb和promote对应

23、，user attention和engagement 对应。27. Radeskys food-testing exercise shows that mothers use of devices _.Atakes away babies appetiteBdistracts childrens attentionCslows down babies verbal developmentDreduces mother-child communication【答案】D【解析】答案为D。细节题。根据原文第二段“She found that mothers who sued devices duri

24、ng the exercise started 20 percent fewer verbal and 39 percent fewer nonverbal interactions with their children.” 可知，D选项中reduce communication和started fewer verbal and fewer nonverbal interactions对应。28. Radeskys cites the still face experiment to show that _.Ait is easy for children to get used to bl

25、ank expressionsBverbal expressions are unnecessary for emotional exchangeCchildren are insensitive to changes in their parents moodDparents need to respond to childrens emotional needs【答案】D【解析】答案为D。例证题。根据原文第三段“there needs to be a balance and parents need to be responsive and sensitive to a childs ve

26、rbal or nonverbal expressions of an emotional need” 可知，D选项中need to respond to children s emotional needs和本句同意替换。因此D选项是正确选项。29. The oppressive ideology mentioned by Tronick requires parents to_.Aprotect kids from exposure to wild fantasiesBteach their kids at least 30,000 words a yearCensure constant

27、 interaction with their childrenDremain concerned about kids use of screens【答案】C【解析】答案为C。细节题。根据原文第四段“oppressive ideology that demands that parents should always be interacting with their children.”可知，C选项中constant interaction 与always be interacting 同义替换，因此C选项是正确选项。30. According to Tronick, kids use o

28、f screens may_.Agive their parents some free timeBmake their parents more creativeChelp them with their homeworkDhelp them become more attentive【答案】A【解析】答案为A。细节题。根据原文第四段“particularly if it gives parents time to have a shower, do housework or simply have a break from their child.”可知，A选项give their par

29、ents some free time和gives parents time 同义替换。Text 3Today, widespread social pressure to immediately go to college in conjunction with increasingly high expectations in a fast-moving world often causes students to completely overlook the possibility of taking a gap year. After all, if everyone you kno

30、w is going to college in the fall, it seems silly to stay back a year, doesnt it? And after going to school for 12 years, it doesnt feel natural to spend a year doing something that isnt academic.But while this may be true, its not a good enough reason to condemn gap years. Theres always a constant

31、fear of falling behind everyone else on the socially perpetuated race to the finish line, whether that be toward graduate school, medical school or lucrative career. But despite common misconceptions, a gap year does not hinder the success of academic pursuits-in fact, it probably enhances it.Studies from the United States and Australia show that students who take a gap year are generally better prepared for and perform better in college than those who