英语论文《老人与海》中硬汉形象分析.docx

英语论文《老人与海》中硬汉形象分析.docx

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英语论文《老人与海》中硬汉形象分析

题目AnAnalysisof“CodeHero”in

TheOldManandtheSea

摘要

海明威是美国著名的小说家之一，小说《老人与海》使其获得了1954年的诺贝尔文学奖。

在此小说中，作者创造了一个完美的硬汉形象——桑地亚哥。

《老人与海》是一件影响广泛，寓意深刻的世界文学瑰宝，它广泛地为大众所阅读，以至有人这样认为“只要是个文化人，你就会知道海明威其人。

知道海明威，你就不可能不知道小说《老人与海》。

”为什么这部小说如此被广泛的阅读？

当然，诸多方面造就了小说的成功，但是有一点，毋庸置疑，那就是作者对小说主人公桑地亚哥这一永恒的艺术形象的成功塑造给人深刻印象，让人难以忘记这个硬汉形象的代表。

本文是从分析作品中老人这一形象出发，揭示“硬汉”的特征，倡导一种坚忍不拔，永不言败的精神。

在论文引言中，我们将对小说的主要内容作一简单的叙述，揭示小说的中心思想，并提出本次设计的内容——分析小说主人公桑地亚哥这一硬汉形象特征。

后简单介绍此次论文的写作思路及框架。

论文正文的一部分为背景信息，我们通过介绍小说作者海明威的传奇一生，指出作者与小说主人公的诸多相同之处，其中最相似之处便是都具有“硬汉”精神。

在正文的第二部分，我们将结合老人捕鱼前后及在大海中航行的遭遇，具体分析小说主人公的“硬汉”形象特征。

这种特征主要表现在四个方面：

首先，在任何困难情况下都不放弃希望；其次，在斗争过程中始终保持高昂的斗志，永不服输；再次，在行动上勇往直前，打不到，击不跨；最后，在漫长的斗争过程中学会忍受孤独。

本文的最后一部分为总结。

通过对小说中“硬汉”形象的分析，深刻体会“硬汉”精神对当今社会的现实意义，倡导这种坚忍不拔，永不言败的精神。

关键词：

《老人与海》，海明威，“硬汉”，桑地亚哥

Abstract

HemingwaywasoneofthemostfamousnovelistsinAmerica.HecreatedaperfectimageofCodeHero:

SantiagoinTheOldManandtheSeawhichwonHemingwayNobelPrizeforLiteraturein1954.TheOldManandtheSeaisoneofthemostinfluentialandfar-reachingnovelsoftheliterarytreasureoftheworld.It’ssowidely-readthatpeopleconsiderthat“Whateverthereisanintellectual,peopleknowHemingwayandnobodyknowsHemingwaywithoutknowinghisworksTheOldManandtheSea.Whythenovelissowidelyread?

Whyisitsoinfluentialandwhyisitsolovedbythepeopleofdifferentcolorsanddifferentnations?

Surelymanyfactorsmaycontributetothesuccessofthenovel.Butthemainfactor,nodoubt,isthetouchingandunforgettableportraitoftheimmortalartisticfigure,Santiago,arepresentativeofCodeHero.

Intheintroductionoftheessay,Iwillmakeabriefdescriptionaboutthecontentsofthisnovelandpointoutthemainideaofthenovel.ThecontentoftheessayistoanalyzethecharacteristicsofCodeHero.AndthenIwillsetoutframeworkoftheessay.Thefirstpartofthebodyisthebackgroundinformation.ThroughtheintroductiontoHemingway’slegendlife,wefindsomecommonpointsbetweentheauthorandtheoldman,andthemostfamiliarpointisthatbothofthemhavethespiritofCodeHero.Inthesecondpartofthebody,IwillportraytheprocessofhiscatchingMarlinandfightingwiththesharks.ThenIwillanalysesthespiritofCodeHero.Thespiritisconcentratedonfourareas:

First,nevergiveuphopesinanydifficultconditions;secondly,keepdaringspiritandneveradmitdefeatintheprocessoffighting;thirdly,behaveheroicallyintheactualbattle;andlast,endurethelonelinessinthelongprocessofthefighting.Thelastpartoftheessayistheconclusion.Thispaperwillanalyzetheimageoftheoldman,revealthecharacteristicsofCodeHero,andadvocatethespiritofnevergivingup.

KEYWORDS：

TheOldManandtheSea,Hemingway,CodeHero,Santiago

Contents

摘要

Abstract

Introduction

TheOldManandtheSeawaspublishedin1952andwasoneofHemingway’smostsuccessfulnovelswhichwonHemingwayNobelPrizeforLiteraturein1954.

ThenovelwritesaverysimplestorywhichchroniclestheadventureofSantiago,basedonatruestoryofaCubafisherman.Aftereighty-fourdayswithoutcatchingafish,Santiago,anoldCubanhooksagiantfish.Fortwodaysandtwonightstheoldmanholdsonwhilethefishpullshimfurtherandfurther.Finallyhekillsthefishandtiesittohisskiff.Almostatonce,brutalsharksbegintotakehispriceaway.Hestrugglesagainstthesharkswiththeharpoon,theoar,theknife,theshortclub.Thesharkseatallbutthebonesofthefish.Halfdeadwithexhaustion,hebringstheskeletonhomeandmakeshiswaytobedanddreamsofhisgoldentime.

Inthenovel,Hemingwaycreatesanimmortalartisticfigure,Santiago,arepresentativeofCodeHero.Santiagoisapoorfishermanwholivesaloneandhasfinallylostallwilltolive.Everydayisthesamedull,monotonousroutine.Hiswifehaddied;hisonlycomfortisaboywhoisforbiddentofishdeterminationinholdingontoagargantuanfish,Santiagoisplungedintotheadventureofhislife,butwillitbringmeaningtohisdays?

ButitisthespiritofCodeHerotosupporthimfightingandliving.

ThechiefpointaboutSantiagoisthathebehavesperfectlyandhonorably,withgreatcourageandendurance.Whilelosingtothesharksthegiantfishhehascaught,hecomeswiththemessagethatwhilemanmaygrowold,andbewhollydownonhisluck,hecanstilldaretosticktotherules,persistwhenheisdestroyed,andthusbythemannerofhislosingtowinhisvictory.IalsowanttopointoutthatthenovelnotonlydescribesthefightbetweenhumanandnatureandfatebutalsoindicatesHemingway’sCodeHerogettingtoitssummit.Althoughtheoldmaninthenovelisweakandinthegrimfateofpressure,healsoshowsthespiritofCodeHero.

Thispaperwillanalyzetheimageoftheoldman,revealthecharacteristicsofCodeHero,andadvocatethespiritofnevergivingup.

ChapterOneTheBackgroundInformation

1.1AbouttheAuthor

ErnestHemingway（1896-1961）wasanovelistandshortstorywriterwhobecameoneofthebest-knownAmericanauthorsinhiscentury.Hewasfamousforhisexperienceanduniqueartisticstyleallovertheworld.AccordingtoTheOldManandtheSea（1952）,HemingwaywontheNobelPrizeforLiteraturein1954.

Hemingwaycentershisnovelsonpersonalexperienceandaffections.AccordingtohisworksTheSunAlsoRises（1926）hebecametherepresentativewriterof“theLostGeneration”.Hecouldnotcopewithpost-warAmerica,andthereforeheintroducedanewtypeofcharacterinwritingcalledthe“CodeHero”.Hemingwayisknowntofocushisnovelsaroundcodeheroeswhostrugglewiththemixtureoftheirtragicfaultsandthesurroundingenvironment.

Moreover,Hemingway’screationnotonlyoriginatedfromlifetruetolifebutsuperiortolife.Hemingwayisarealismwriter,consequently,copiedsomethingmechanically.Hewasalsoamasterofturningrealityintofiction,representingnotonlywhathadactuallyhappenedbutalsowhatlogicallymighthappen.Hedidn’tlayspecialemphasisbyhisinnerbeauty.SoSantiagoleavedanindelibleimpressiontous.HemingwayoncesaidthatTheOldManandtheSeacouldbeinalongernovel.Inthenovel,hecoulddescribemanyothervillagersandhowtheymadealivelylife,howtheywereeducated,howtheyborechildren,andsoon.Butheomittedallthose,onlydescribing,theoldmanandtheprocessoffishingtheMarlinandfightingthesharks.Besides,Hemingwaynotonlyreflectedreallifebutalsoexpressedhimselfinhiswork.Or,wecansay,Hemingway’screationissuperiortolife.

Santiagoshowedthespirit“undefeated”whichHemingwayhas.SoHemingway’slifeattitudehasbeenwidelyrecognizedandimitatedallovertheworld.HemingwayisworthytobecalledtheCodeHero:

hewasborninanintenselymiddle-classfamily,Chicago,OakPark.Hisfather,whowasadoctor,devotedtohunting,fishingandinfluencedonHemingwaygreatlywhenhewasthreeyearsold,hisfathergavehimafishingpoleforhisbirthdaygift.Whenhewastenyearsold,hegotahuntinggun.Asaboyoffourteen,hewasencouragedtopracticeboxing.Hemingwayfoughtinthetwoworldwars:

inthefirstwarasamedicalsoldier,andthesecondasareporter.HetookpartinWorldWarIasanhonorarylieutenantintheRedCross.Hewentoverseasasanambulancedriver.Hewaswoundedmanytimesandexperiencedatleast12operationswhichtookout227piecesofartilleryshells.Besides,hesufferedagreatdealfromaviationaccident:

hiseyesinjuredwhilehuntingandinAfricanjunglehewasintwoairplaneaccidentsinthespacesoftwodays.Allthesedidn’tdefeatHemingway.Hewassuchamanwhoturneddowndefeat.Whenhewasoldhewaspoorinhealth.Stillheindulgedhimselfinfishing,huntingandbull-fightingfromwhichhepursuedthrillingscenesandenjoyedhimselfinfighting.

Howeverthereisaquestion,“IsHemingwaytimidandpessimistic,sothatheiscommittedsuicide?

”Theanswer,ofcourse,is“No”,Hemingwaysufferedmuchillnessandinjuryandhecommittedsuicideatlast.Buthissuicidecannotshowhewastimidandpessimistic.Onthecontrary,hesetuponimageofbraverbecauseheregardedhisillnessandinjuryashis“enemy”suchasthesharks.Heusedhislifeasaweapon,inordertogetridofhis“enemy”,hewouldratherchoosetodie.Heandhis“enemy”endedincommonruin.

1.2TheAuthor’sViewontheNovelandtheOldMan

HemingwaydefinedtheCodeHeroas“amanwithlivescorrectly,followingtheidealsofhonor,courageandenduranceinaworldthatissometimeschaotic,oftenstressful,andalwayspainful”（TheAmericanTraditioninLiterature,Page78）.Heshowed,inhisfamousphraseforit,“graceunderpressure”.TheCodeHeromeasureshimselfbyhowwelltheyhandlethedifficultsituationsthatlifethrowsathim.IntheendtheCodeHerowilllosebecauseweareallmortal,butthetruemeasureishowapersonfacesdeath.Thecodebelievesin“Nada”,aSpanishwordmeaningnothing.Alongwiththis,thereisnothingafterlife.

Hemingway’sviewofhumannatureisthathappinessisrareandisfoundwithinamanandnotinhisoutsidecircumstanceorsurroundings.Hemingwayillustratesthisinthreeways.First,heportraysthehumannatureofSantiago,themaincharacter,asbeingoneofhumilityandcompassion,fullofstrengthandpride.Heisshownnotasagleefullyhappyman,butonewhomeetslifewithaserene,quietresilience.Second,Santiago’sfellowvillagersareshownasshallow,withanarrowviewoflifecomparedtohis.TheirfocusonappearancesisinsharpcontrasttoSantiago’sfocusonintrinsicvalues.Third,itwillbeshownthathisrarebrandofhappinesscomesfromwithin.

ToHemingway,thedi