广东省汕头市初中毕业生升学考试英语科语法讲解及练习.docx

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广东省汕头市初中毕业生升学考试英语科语法讲解及练习.docx

广东省汕头市初中毕业生升学考试英语科语法讲解及练习

一.名词专题。

据《2020年广东省初中学业水平考试英语科目考试大纲》我们可以得知中考对于名词的语法能力考察集中于以下四点:

(1)可数名词及其单复数

(2)不可数名词(3)专有名词(4)名词所有格

考点分析:

中考对于名词的考察要求考生们:

(1)掌握名词复数的构成、用法;名词所有格的构成方法及用法;

(2)不可数名词作主语句子中的谓语动词要为单数;

(3)掌握名词的概念、分类,名词可分为:

普通名词和专有名词;

(4)辨析名词的意思,能够区分部分特殊名词的用法;

(5)理解名词在句中的功能,掌握名词的用法.

考点一:

名词的数:

名词按是否可数分类,可分为可数名词(CountableNouns)和不可数名词(UncountableNouns)。

1. 可数名词—可数名词是指能以数目来计算,可以分成个体的人或东西,因此它有复数形式。

如cup(杯子),cat(猫)等。

(1)当可数名词为单数时,前要添加冠词。

(2)可数名词复数变化规律。

规则变化

一般直接+s

book-bookspen-pens

以s,x,sh,ch结尾的单词在词尾+es

class-classesbox-boxes

辅音字母+y结尾变y为i再+es

baby-babiescity-cities

以o结尾的词变复数的规则(有生命的+es,没生命的+s)

tomato-tomatoeshero-heroeszoo-zoos

potato-potatoesphoto-photoskilo-kilos

piano-pianosradio-radios

以f(e)结尾变f(e)为v再+es

leaf-leavesknife-kniveslife-livesshelf-shelves

不规则变化

man-menwoman-womenpoliceman-policemenmouse-micechild-children

foot-feettooth-teethgoose-geese(鹅)

由两个名词组成的复合名词常在最后一个名词变复数。

(但如果第一个名词是man或woman时,两个名词都要变复数。

)aboystudent—twoboystudents

anappletree—sixappletrees(amanteacher—tenmenteachers

awomannurse—manywomennurses)

表示“某国人”单复数变化请记口诀:

中日不变,英法变,其他s加后边。

aChinese(Japanese)—sixChinese(Japanese)anEnglishman—sevenEnglishmen

aFrenchman—twelveFrenchmenanAmerican—fourAmericans

有些名词通常只用复数形式,其后谓语动词也要用复数。

people,police,trousers,socks,glasses,clothes,shorts,scissors等。

如:

ThepeopleinGuangdongarefriendlyandkind.Thepolicearrivesoonandcatchthethief.

▲复数形式的名词:

trousers裤子,pants裤子,shorts短裤glasses眼镜,trafficlights交通灯(一般有三盏,这样理解)sports(运动)

2. 不可数名词—不可数名词是指不能以数目来计算,不可以分成个体的概念、状态、品质、感情或表示物质材料的东西;它一般没有复数形式,只有单数形式,它的前面不能用不定冠词a/an。

抽象名词,物质名词和专有名词一般是不可数名词。

如milk(牛奶),bread(面包),coffee(咖啡)等。

中考还会以名词结合感叹句What/Whata/Whatan的选择来考,考生必须熟记不可数名词前没有这一特点,感叹句常出现的不可数名词有:

news/advice/weather等等。

如果不可数名词要表示一定的数量,则在其前加数量词表示。

如:

abottleofwater(一瓶水),fourpiecesofpaper(四张纸)。

在这种情况下,后面谓语动词与量词有关。

如:

Abottleofwaterisnotenough.ButthreebottlesofwaterareOK.

㈣考点二:

名词所有格:

表示有生命的东西的名词及某些表示时间、距离、星球、世界、国家等无生命的东西的名词后加’s来表示所有关系,叫做名词所有格。

1.s属格:

(1)不以s结尾的名词在其后+’s。

如:

John’sfatherChildren’sDay

today’snewspapertheboy’sroom.

(2)以s结尾的名词在其后+’。

如:

thestudents’homeworkthegirls’desks

Teachers’Day

(3)并列名词所有格:

共有则在最后一名词后+’s属格,分别有则每个名词后都要+’s属格。

如:

TomandTim’sroom(两人共有的房间)

Tom’sandTim’srooms(两个分别有一间房,共2间房)

(4)有时表示某人的家,医务室或店铺时,所有格后经常不出现它修饰的名词。

如:

atLucy’s(在露西家)atthedoctor’s(在医务室)。

2.of属格:

不能用s属格的其他情况要用of属格表示。

themainideaofthestory(故事的主要意思);theflowersofthetree(树的花)。

3.双重所有格:

s属格与of属格相结合。

aclassmateofmyfather’s(我爸爸的一位同学);acarofmine(我的一辆小车)。

课堂实战演练

1.Don’tfillthepenwiththeblack_____becauseitsmellsterrible.

A.colorB.colorsC.inkD.inks

2.—Howmany___didyouhavethismorning?

—Onlytwo.AndthenIfeltfull.

A.classB.classesC.eggD.eggs

3.Withthehelpofhis,hehasbeentoalotof______aroundtheworld.

A.family;cityB.family;citiesC.families;cityD.families;cities

4.—Whatcanyouseeintheroom,Tom?

—Icanseethree____,two___andtwoinit.

A.tomatoes;piano;photoesB.tomato;pianos;photoes

C.tomato;piano;photosD.tomatoes;pianos;photos

5.Thereislittle____leftathome.Pleasegoandbuysome,dear.

A.carrotsB.potatoesC.riceD.tomatoes

6.Hehasfour_____.Allofthemcanbrushtheir______bythemselves.

A.children;toothB.children;teethC.child;teethD.child;tooth

7.—Doyouknowthetwo__________?

—Yes,they’reLucyandMary.

A.mandoctorsB.womandoctorC.mendoctorsD.womendoctors

8.Nearourschooltherearethree__.Youcanbuysomeanimaltoysforyourchildren.

A.toyfactoryB.toyfactoriesC.paperfactoryD.paperfactories

9.—Iwastoldyourclasshasthreenewcomers.—Yes.Oneisa___,theothertwoare_____.

A.Japan;GermanyB.Japanese;GermanC.Japanese;GermansD.Japanese;Germen

10.—HowcanIgetsomeinformationaboutthe2020Olympic______?

—YoucansearchitonBaidu.

A.GamesB.gameC.sportsD.sport

11.Therearemany______onthefarm.Wecangetwoolfromthemeveryyear.

A.dogsB.deerC.cowsD.sheep

12.Therearetwoandfiveinthezoo.

A.sheep;deerB.sheep;giraffeC.bear;deerD.monkey;tigers

13.I’dlikesomeforsuppertoday.Gotothesupermarketandbuya________home.

A.fishes;fishB.fish;fishC.fishes;fishesD.fish;fishes

14.Your_____aretoolong.You’dbetterchangeanotherone.

A.trousersB.glassesC.socksD.shorts

15.Iamthirsty.Ineed  .

A.abookB.anumbrellaC.acupofteaD.apieceofbread

16.It’sveryhotinHainanthissummer.OnJune5th,the   reached41.9℃.

A.temperatureB.informationC.developmentD.experience

17.Idon’tknowwhatIshoulddonext.Couldyoupleasegivemesomegood  ?

A.ideaB.adviceC.suggestD.suggestion

18.Asktheboynottomakeany .Ican’tfallasleep.

A.voiceB.soundC.noiseD.singing

19.Akiloofapples  tenyuan.Twobagsofmilk 9yuan.Theyare19yuantogether.

A.is;areB.is;isC.are;isD.are;are

20.Thethree____upstairsaretoosmalltohaveenough_____foradoublebed.

A.room,roomB.room,roomsC.rooms,roomD.rooms,rooms

21.—Cindy,howfarisitfromyourhometoschool?

—About20   walk.

A.minutesB.minute’sC.minutes’D.minute

22.—Whowillgiveusalectureon Day?

—An boyfromClass9.Heisveryexcellent.

A.Teacher’s;11-year-oldB.Teachers’;11yearsold

C.Teachers’;11-year-oldD.Teacher’s;11-yearsold

23.In  HarbinDailyPaper,there’sanarticlewrittenby  uncle.

A.today;TomB.today’s;Toms’C.today’s;Tom’sD.today;Tom’s

24.  mothersbothworkinthesamehospital.

A.JimandDickB.Jim’sandDick’sC.Jim’sandDickD.JimandDick’s

25.Thegirloverthereis sister.

A.Lily’sandLucy’sB.Lily’sandLucyC.LilyandLucy’sD.LilyandLucy

26.Howaboutmeetingat   at9:

00o’clockthismorning?

A.LinTao’sB.theLinTao’sC.theLinTao’shouseD.theLinTao

27.Nowtherearesomanypatientsat  .Youmaywaitforalongtime.

A.thedoctor’sB.theshop’sC.thedoctorD.theshop

28.Doyouknowthe   ?

A.mainidea’sbookB.book’smainideaC.mainideaofthisbookD.bookofthemainidea

29.Mr.Blackisafriendof  .Myfatheroftengoestoseehim.

A.mymotherB.myfatherC.mymother’sD.myfather’s

30.Thisapartmentbelongstoafriendof  .

A.Mary’smother’sB.Mary’smotherC.Marymother’sD.mother’sofMary

31.TodayisSeptember10th.It's_____Day.

A.TeachersB.Teachers'C.theTeachers'D.Teacher's

32.I'mafraidthatthereisno_____foryouinmycar,Becausetherearealreadyfivepeople.

A.landB.ground.roomD.floor

33.TheseGermanswanttohavesome____forsupper,sotheydecidetocatch____now.

A.fish,manyB.fishes,muchC.fish,muchD.fishes,many

34.Iamthirsty.Wouldyoubringme______,please?

A.somebreadB.somewaterC.somecakesD.someeggs

35.Some______areflyingkitesneartheriver.

A.childB.boyC.boysD.childs

36.Therich______notalwayshappy.

A.areB.isC.haveD.has

37.InBritain,_______areallpaintedred.

A.letterboxesB.lettersboxesC.letterboxD.lettersbox

38.Therearefour_______andtwo________inthegroup.

A.Japanese,GermenJapaneses,Germen

C.Japanese,GermanD.Japanese,Germans

39.ShewasborninWuhan,butBeijinghasbecomehersecond_________.

A.homeB.familyC.houseD.country

40.Motherbroughtme_________.

A.agoodnewsapieceofnewsC.manygoodnewsD.twonews

41.March8this_________Day.

A.Woman'sB.Women'sC.Womans'D.Women

42.Wecandotheworkbetterwith______moneyand________people.

A.less,fewerB.fewer,lessC.little,littleD.few,few

43.Therearethree______inourclass.

A.Zhou'sB.ZhousC.Zhous'D.Zhous's

44.It'saboutten________walk.

A.minute'sB.minutes'C.minuteD.minutes

45.Thisroomis_________.

A.BillandDavid'sB.Bill'sandDavid'sC.BillsandDavid'sD.BillandDavid

46.Beijingisoneofthemostbeautiful_________inChina.

A.cityB.citiesC.citysD.thecities

47.Wouldyoulike_________?

A.somemoremeatB.anymoremeatC.manymoremeatD.moremuchmeat

48.—WhatcanIdoforyou,sir?

—I'dliketwo_________.

A.bottleofmilkB.bottlesofmilksC.bottlesofmilkD.bottleofmilks

49.Tom'scarismorebeautifulthan_________.

A.hisbrother'sandsisterB.hisbrotherandsister

C.hisbrothersandsistersD.hisbrother'sandsister's

50.—What’syour  forthecomingreadingfestival?

—Iamthinkingaboutitnow,butIhaven’tfinishedit.

A.messageB.planC.informationD.decision

51.—Wouldyoulikesomebeefnoodles,Sandy?

—No,thanks.butIwanttodrinksome becauseIlikesomethingsweet.

A.orangesB.orangeC.lemonsD.lemonade

52.Iamhappytoseesomany  onthefarm.AfterlunchIcanridethemeverywhere.

A.chickensB.cowsC.pigsD.horses

53.—DoyouthinkJackcangetthejob?

—Yes.His instudyingabroadhelpshimtogetthejobeasily.

A.experienceB.excuseC.experimentD.example

54.—Whatisyourfavorite  ?

—Summer.Icangoswimmingatthattime.

A.festivalB.seasonC.monthD.weather

55.Youshouldlookintohiseyeswhenyoutalktosomebody.Itshowsyour  .

A.shynessB.politenessC.quietnessD.rudeness

56.DuringtheSpringFestival,peopleinNorthernChinausuallyeat _asatraditionalChinesefood.

A.pizzaB.dumplingsC.hamburgersD.turkeys

57.—MoreandmorepeoplecometovisitJingzhouAncientCity.—That’strue.Ithasbecomethe ofJingzhou.

A.effortB.praiseC.courageD.pride

58.—Thegovernmentistryingtodevelopwintersportsforthe2022WinterOlympics.

—Nowonderpeopleareshowingmore inthem.

A.warmth

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