高考英语阅读理解提高练习题压轴题训练含答案.docx

高考英语阅读理解提高练习题压轴题训练含答案.docx

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高考英语阅读理解提高练习题压轴题训练含答案

一、高中英语阅读理解

1．阅读理解

   HipsterGreenport:

4placestoeat,shopandvisit

   Greenportmaydatebacktothe1630s,butit'sfeelingprettyof-the-momentrightnow.Herearefourplacesthatembodytheold-meets-newenergyofthevillage:

   Claudio's

   Ifyou'vebeentoGreenport,youcan'tmissClaudio's—it'swheregenerationsofLongIslandershavemadeatraditionofeating,whetherinsidethemainrestaurantoratthefloatingdock-bar.Thenewownershaveaddedfreshelements:

BaccanoPizzabyNino,whichoffersavarietyofslicesandpiesuntilaslateas2a.m.onFridaysandSaturdays—isrightbythedockentrance.

   LittleCreekOysterFarm&Market

   It'slittlespotslikethisthattellthecurrentGreenportstory.There'snosignoradvertisingforthistinyhousechangedfromthecabinofanoldshipthat'spracticallyhiddendownBootlegger'sAlleynearMitchellPark.Buttheretheyare—streamsofpeoplewhocometoenjoythefreshoysterswhiledrinkinglocalcraftbeer,withawatersideview.

   TheTimesVintage

   Nostalgia（怀旧）forbygonetimesrunshighinthis1909building,whichonceservedasthebasefortheSuffolkTimesnewspaper.Thesedays,thiswell-designedshopsellsvinylrecords（黑胶唱片）andloadsofold-fashionedclothingandhomedecorationitemsincludingmid-centuryhighballsets.

   GreenportFire

   Heatcomesinmanyformsandseveralaresoldhere—hotsauces,cigarsandcandles.Consultthechalkboardforthecurrentsauceofferingsorbrowsecigarssuchasahand-rolledHonduranLeafbyOscarortheGurkhaCellarReservemadewith18-year-agedtobacco.

（1）What'sspecialaboutGreenport?

A. Itisaplacefullofenergy.                                B. Itisafamousportintheworld.

C. Itisacombinationofnewandold.                

D. Itisapopularplaceofinterest.

（2）WhatcanyoudoinTheTimesVintage?

A. Youcanenjoydeliciousoysters.                      

B. Youcanbuysomeoldthings.

C. Youcanfindhand-rolledcigars.                     

D. YoucanhaveBaccanoPizza.

（3）Ifyouareasmoker,youmaybeinterestedin_________.

A. Claudio's             B. LittleCreekOyster             C. GreenportFire             D. TheTimesVintage

【答案】

（1）C

（2）B

（3）C

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了绿港（Greenport）这个村庄里能体现新旧融合的四个地方。

（1）考查细节理解。

根据第一段中的“…butit'sfeelingprettyof-the-momentrightnow.Herearefourplacesthatembodytheold-meets-newenergyofthevillage…”但现在感觉很时髦。

这里有四个地方体现了这个村庄新旧活力的融合。

可知，绿港融合了新旧事物。

故选C。

（2）考查细节理解。

根据第四段中的“Thesedays,thiswell-designedshopsellsvinylrecords（黑胶唱片）andloadsofold-fashionedclothingandhomedecorationitemsincludingmid-centuryhighballsets.”如今，这家精心设计的商店出售黑胶唱片、大量的老式服装和家居装饰用品，包括20世纪中期的highball电视机。

可知，在TheTimesVintage能买到一些老式的东西。

故选B。

（3）考查细节理解。

根据最后一段中“...andseveralaresoldhere—hotsauces,cigarsandcandles.”其中有几种在这里出售——辣酱、雪茄和蜡烛。

可知，喜欢抽烟的人应该对GreenportFire感兴趣。

故选C。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读。

考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并结合题目要求，从而选出正确答案。

2．阅读理解

   Somethingsshouldjustbecommonknowledgebynow.TheEarthisn'tflat.Nope,yourhairandnailsdon'tgrowafteryoudie.TheholesatthetopofBicbiropensaretheresothat,ifyouswallowoneaccidentally,youcanstillbreatheandwon'tchoketodeath.It'sdebatablewhetherthatlastonethereiscommonknowledgeornot.AquickGooglesearchofthefact,rewrittenasaquestion,showsarticlesaddressingthispointgoingbackseveralyears,withthelatest（re）appearingjustthisweekoveronScienceAlert.Wesupposeit'soneofthosethingsthatcomeupfromtimetotime,likewhatwouldhappenifyouattackYellowstonewithanuclearweapon（notmuch,asitturnsout）.

   IfyoujumpovertoBic'swebsite,undertheirFAQs（frequentlyaskedquestions）,itquiteclearlystates:

"ThereasonthatsomeBIC®penshaveaholeintheircapistopreventthecapfromcompletelyobstructingtheairwayifaccidentallybreathedin.ThisisrequestedbytheinternationalsafetystandardsISO11540,exceptforincaseswherethecapisconsideredtoolargetobeachokingrisk."

   That'sratherlovelyofthem.Inappreciationoftheirwanttonotkillofftheirmoreclumsycustomers,wethoughtwe'dshareafewmorerandomfactsaboutBicthatareprobablygoingtocomeupinapubquizoneday.Didyouknow,forexample,thateachBicballpointpencanproduceatleast2kilometers（1.2miles）ofinkbeforeitbeginstorunout?

Infact,in2018,7,250kilometers（4,505miles）ofwritingtestsonsuchpenswerecarriedoutonballpointpens,gelpens（中性笔）,androllerstomakesuretheyworkedtothehigheststandard.

   ThebestpartoftheBicsite,however,isthisrathercuriousfact:

"100percentofpenballsaremadethroughahighly-controlledprocess."Asopposedtoahighlyuncontrolledprocess,involvingexplosionsandbouncycastlesandtotalchaos,wesuppose.

（1）WhydoestheauthormentionthecaseofYellowstone?

A. Tolistthefacts.                                                 

B. Toprovehispoint.

C. Tocomparethetwosituations.                       

D. Toemphasizetheimportanceofsafety.

（2）Whatdoestheunderlinedword"obstructing"inparagraph2mean?

A. Block.                             

B. Open.                             

C. Transform.                             

D. Narrow.

（3）Whywerethewritingtestsonpenscarriedout?

A. Toworkouttheirlifespan.                               

B. Toassuretheirgoodquality.

C. Toprovesomerandomfacts.                          

D. Tocomparedifferentpenswitheachother.

（4）Inwhattonedoestheauthordevelopthetext?

A. Critical.                             B. Acid.                             C. Humorous.                             D. Serious.

【答案】

（1）B

（2）A

（3）B

（4）C

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，毕克笔的笔帽上有一个小孔是为了防止那些粗心的使用者不小心吞下而窒息死亡。

这真是粗心使用者的生命通道。

（1）考查推理判断。

毕克笔的笔帽上留一个小孔的原因，且这个问题会被偶尔问到，就像如果你用核武器攻击黄石公园会发生什么事这个问题一样，作者是在举例证明他的观点，故选B。

（2）考查词义猜测。

此处意为当使用者不慎把笔帽吞下时，笔帽上的小孔就是为了阻止笔帽完全阻塞气管而引起窒息，故选A。

（3）考查细节理解。

根据第三段中的"Infact,in2018,7,250kilometers（4,505miles）ofwritingtestsonsuchpenswerecarriedoutonballpointpens,gelpens（中性笔）,androllerstomakesuretheyworkedtothehigheststandard."可知，举行书写测试的目的是为了确保笔能够达到最高的标准，故选B。

（4）考查推理判断。

根据第一段中的"Somethingsshouldjustbecommonknowledgebynow.TheEarthisn'tflat.Nope,yourhairandnailsdon'tgrowafteryoudie."和第三段中的"That'sratherlovelyofthem.Inappreciationoftheirwanttonotkillofftheirmoreclumsycustomers"等作者的行文措辞可知，作者笔调轻松幽默，故选C。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇科普类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

3．阅读理解

   Arecentstudyfindsthatthedirtonthegroundislikelytoworsenclimatechange.Researchershaveshownthatwarmertemperaturesareheatingthesoil,whichiscausingmicrobes（微生物）tobecomemoreactiveandreleasemoreofthesoil'scarbonintotheatmosphere.Thesesoilchangescanpotentiallycontributetoevenhighertemperatures.

   Scientistsstudieddevicereadings,soilmeasurements,plantgrowthdetailsandsatelliteobservationsfromaroundtheworld.Theirworkisthemostcompletestudyonthesubject.

   Theyfoundasharpincreaseincarbonreleasedintotheatmospherebybacteriaandfungi（真菌）insoilfrom1990to2014.Researchersexplainthatthecarboncomesfromthedeadplantsandleavesthemicrobeseat.Astemperaturesrise,themicrobeseatmore.Andthemoretheyeat,themorecarboncanbemadeintocarbondioxideandreleasedintotheatmosphere.

   Thisuncontrolledcyclespeedsupandintensifiesclimatechange.Overall,soilreleasesaboutninetimesmorecarbonthanhumanactivities.Butthatispartofanaturalcycle:

theamountofcarbonreleasedintotheairisaboutequaltothecarbonoceansandplantstakein.

   However,carbonreleasedfromfossilfuelcausesanimbalance.Burningcoal,oilandnaturalgasputsmorecarbonintotheatmospherethannaturecantakein.Theadditionalcarbonheatstheairandsoil.Andastheairandsoilgethotter,theearthwillreleasemorecarbonthanithasbeenholding.

   Ifsomethingisn'tdone,wearereallyintrouble.Propersoilconservationcanhelpkeepmorecarboninsoil.Conservationmethodsincludeavoidingturningthesoil,coveringoff-seasoncropsandleavingcropdepositsontheground.

（1）Whichwordcanbestdescribethescientists'researchdata?

A.Rich.

B.Rare.

C.Limited.

D.Difficult.

（2）Whatdoestheunderlinedword"intensifies"inParagraph4mean?

A.Causes.

B.Demands.

C.Strengthens.

D.Shows.

（3）Whatmainlycausesthesoil'stemperaturetorise?

A.Activebacteria.

B.Humanactivities.

C.Theoverusesofsoil.

D.Thewastesoffossilfuels.

（4）Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthepassage?

A.Warmersoilandmorecarbon.

B.Thesoilandtheenvironment.

C.Themicrobesandthetemperatures.

D.Hotterairandwarmerenvironment.

【答案】

（1）A

（2）C

（3）B

（4）A

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了人类燃烧燃料造成的土壤变化可能导致地球更高的温度。

（1）考查推理判断。

根据第二段中的“Scientistsstudieddevicereadings,soilmeasurements,plantgrowthdetailsandsatelliteobservationsfromaroundtheworld.Theirworkisthemostcompletestudyonthesubject.”科学家们研究了来自世界各地的设备读数、土壤测量、植物生长细节和卫星观测数据。

他们的工作是对这一课题最全面的研究。

故选A。

（2）考查词义猜测。

根据第四段中的“Thisuncontrolledcyclespeedsupandintensifiesclimatechange.”可知，and为并列连词，即intensifies应与之前的speedsup为同义词。

speedup意为“加速”，C项strengthen意为“加强；增强”可为同义词。

故选C。

（3）考查细节理解。

根据第五段中的“However,carbonreleasedfromfossilfuelcausesanimbalance.Burningcoal,oilandnaturalgasputsmorecarbonintotheatmospherethannaturecantakein.Theadditionalcarbonheatstheairandsoil.Andastheairandsoilgethotter,theearthwillreleasemorecarbonthanithasbeenholding”然而，化石燃料释放的碳造成了不平衡。

燃烧煤炭、石油和天然气向大气中排放的碳超过了自然所能吸收的量。

额外的碳使空气和土壤升温。

随着空气和土壤变得越来越热，地球释放出的碳将超过它所承受的量。

可知，人类的一系列燃烧燃料的行为是土壤温度上升的