U4 Vocabulary.docx

U4 Vocabulary.docx

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U4Vocabulary

NewWords

campus

n.thegroundsofauniversity,collegeorschool;auniversity大学校园，学校校园；大学

piercing

a.（ofvoices,sounds,etc.）verysharp,esp.inanunpleasantway（声音等）尖厉的，刺耳的

pierce

vi.makeaholeinorthrough（sth.）withasharppoint刺穿，戳穿

piercesomething:

Thearrowpiercedhisshoulder.

piercethroughsomething:

Theknifepiercedthroughhiscoat.

presumably

adv.itmaybesupposed;probably假定；可能

*presume

v.believesth.tobetruewithoutdirectproofbutwithsomefeelingofbeingcertain;suppose（没有根据地）相信；推测

presume:

1:

tosupposethatsomethingistrue,althoughyoudonothaveactualproof（synonym:

assume）

Øpresume（that）…

Ipresumed（that）heunderstoodtherules.

Øitispresumedthat…

Littleisknownoftheyoungestson;itispresumedthathediedyoung.

Øpresumesomebody/somethingtobe/havesomething

Ipresumedhimtobeherhusband.

2[transitive]toacceptthatsomethingistrueuntilitisshownnottobetrue,especiallyincourt

Øpresumesomebody/something+adjective

Twelvepassengersaremissing,presumeddead.

InEnglishlaw,apersonispresumedinnocentuntilprovedguilty.

presumesomething

Øpresumesomebody/somethingtobe/havesomething

3[transitive]

Øpresumesomething

（formal）toacceptsomethingastrueorexistingandtoactonthatbasis

Thecourseseemstopresumesomepreviousknowledgeofthesubject.

4[intransitive]

Øpresumetodosomething

（formal）tobehaveinawaythatshowsalackofrespectbydoingsomethingthatyouhavenorighttodo

Iwouldn'tpresumetotellyouhowtorunyourownbusiness.

PHRASALVERBS

Øpresumeon/uponsomebody/something（formal）

tomakeuseofsomebody'sfriendshipbyaskingthemformorethanyoushould

Øpresumeon/uponsomebody/somethingtodosomething

Ifeltitwouldbepresumingonourpersonalrelationshiptokeepaskingherforhelp.

grave

n.theplacewhereadeadpersonisburied坟墓

a.seriousorsolemninmanner;（ofasituation）seriousandworrying严肃的，庄严的；（形势）严重的

gravity

n.1.严肃，庄严；严重

2.重力；地心引力

Grip（Grasp）:

Øgrip（onsomebody/something）:

anactofholdingsb./sth.;

aparticularwayofdoingthis

Keepatightgripontherope.

Øgrip（onsomebody/something）:

controlorpoweroversb./sth.

Thehometeamtookafirmgriponthegame.

Øgrip（onsomething）:

anunderstandingofsomething

Icouldn'tgetagriponwhatwasgoingon.

IDIOMS

come/gettogripswithsomething

tobegintounderstandanddealwithsomethingdifficult

I'mslowlygettingtogripswiththelanguage.Theyhavesofarfailedtocometogripswiththeecologicalproblems.

get/takeagrip（onyourself）

toimproveyourbehaviourorcontrolyouremotionsafterbeingafraid,upsetorangry

Ihavetotakeagriponmyself,hetoldhimselffirmly.（informal） Getagrip!

 （=makeanefforttocontrolyouremotions）

inthegripofsomething

experiencingsomethingunpleasantthatcannotbestopped

acountryinthegripofrecession

loseyourgrip（onsomething）

tobecomeunabletounderstandorcontrolasituation

SometimesIfeelI'mlosingmygrip.

*segment

n.apartofsth.部分

preparation

n.arrangementforafutureevent准备

prepare:

Øpreparesomething/somebody

toprepareareport

Øpreparesomething/somebodyforsomebody/something

Ahotelroomisbeingpreparedforthem.

Thecollegepreparesstudentsforacareerinbusiness.

Øpreparetodosomething

Iwaspreparingtoleave.

Øprepareyourselftodosomething

Thetroopspreparedthemselvestogointobattle.

wealthy

a.rich富有的

wealth

1[uncountable]alargeamountofmoney,property,etc.thatapersonorcountryowns

apersonofwealthandinfluence

Hispersonalwealthisestimatedataround$100million.

thedistributionofwealthinBritain

2[uncountable]thestateofbeingrich

Thepurposeofindustryistocreatewealth.

Goodeducationoftendependsonwealth.

3[singular]

wealthofsomething

alargeamountofsomething

awealthofinformation

Thenewmanagerbringsagreatwealthofexperiencetothejob.

glorify

vt.praisehighly颂扬，赞颂

glory

n.greatfame,honor,andadmiration光荣；荣誉

potent

a.powerful,strong,forcefuloreffective强有力的；有权势的；有效力的

potential:

thatcandevelopintosomethingorbedevelopedinthefuture

self-induced

causedorbroughtaboutbyoneself自己导致的

*induce

vt.leadorcause（sb.）todosth.;persuadeorinfluence（sb.）todosth.导致；劝使，诱导

introduce?

*incidentally

ad.bytheway顺便说一句

accidentally?

commencement

n.1.（AmE）aceremonyatwhichuniversityorcollegestudentsaregiventheirdegreesordiplomas（美）毕业典礼；学位授予典礼

2.beginningofsth.开始

commence

v.begin;start开始；着手

ceremony

n.典礼，仪式

commencementceremony

（AmE）acollegeoruniversitygraduationceremony（美）毕业典礼

reckoning

n.settlementofanaccountorabill;（fig.）punishment结帐；（喻）算帐，惩罚

reckon

vt.1.calculate;addup（anamount,cost,etc.）计算；算出（数量、费用等）

Øreckonsomething（atsomething）

IcouldseehimreckoningthecostasIspoke.

2.consider,regard认为，把…看作

Ireckon（that）I'mgoingtogetthatjob.

He'llbefamousoneday.Whatdoyoureckon（=doyouagree）?

Øreckontodosomething

（BritishEnglish,informal）toexpecttodosomething

Wereckontofinishbyten.

dayofreckoning

（aBiblicalreference）thetimewhenonemusteventuallybepunishedforwhatonehasdonewrong（源自《圣经》）清算日，最后审判日

equip

vt.prepare（sb.）fordealingwithaparticularsituationbyprovidingnecessarytools,education,etc.;suply（sb./sth.withwhatisneededforaparticularpurpose）（智力、体力上）使有准备；配备，装备

equipment

facility:

buildings,services,equipment,etc.thatareprovidedforaparticularpurpose

sports/leisurefacilities

facilitate:

facilitatesth.

inevitably

ad.不可必免地；必然发生地

inevitable

a.whichcannotbeavoidedorpreventedfromhappening;certaintohappen不可避免的；必然发生的

intertwined

a.joinedtightlytogether;verycloselyconnected互相缠结的，缠绕在一起的

inter

international

interview

premedical

a.preparingforthestudyofmedicine医学预科的

*dentist

n.adoctortrainedtotakecareofpeople'steeth牙医

cheerful

a.ingoodspirit;causingahappyfeeling兴高采烈的；使人愉快的

cheerup

cheer

acheerleadingsquad/team

convict:

convictsomebody（ofsomething）

todecideandstateofficiallyincourtthatsomebodyisguiltyofacrime

conviction

n.afirmopinionorbelief深信，确信；把握

roommate

n.住在同室的人，室友

classmate

schoolmate

soulmate

typewriter

n.打字机

typist

*bug

vt.1.（AmE）（infml）trouble（sb.）continually（美俚）烦扰，纠缠

2.（infml）fitwithasecretlisteningapparatus（口）在…装窃听器

n.（AmE）atinyinsect,esp.onethatcausesdamage;（infml）afaultordifficulty（美）虫子；（口）故障；毛病

considerate

a.carefulnottohurtortroubleothers;thoughtful考虑周到的；替人着想的

consider:

Øconsidersomething:

Sheconsideredheroptions.

Øconsiderdoingsomething:

We'reconsideringbuyinganewcar.

Øconsiderhow/what,etc…:

Weneedtoconsiderhowthelawmightbereformed.

fearful

a.afraid,anxious惧怕的，忧虑的

fear:

Øfear（ofsomebody/something）

Welivedinconstantfearoflosingourjobs.

Øfear（forsomebody/something）

herfearsforherson'ssafety

Øfear（that…）

Thedoctor'sreportconfirmedourworstfears.

goal-obsessed

a.extremelyeagertorealizeone'sgoals一心要实现目标的

pre-arranged

a.plannedorpreparedinadvance预先准备好的

arrange

vt.1.planinadvance;prepare安排，准备

2.setingoodorpleasingorder整理；排列

*slot

n.1.aplaceorpositioninaschedule,listorseries（口）（在机构、名单、程序等中的）位置，职位

2.anarrowopeninginatoolormachine狭长孔；狭槽

informally

ad.非正式地；不拘礼节地

formal:

economist

n.anexpertineconomics经济学家

economy（n.）

economic（adj.）

amixedbag

agroupofpeopleorthingsofdifferentkindsanddifferentqualities（人或物的）混合体；大杂烩

circuitous

a.indirect迂回的，绕行的

circuit

n.1.环行；环行道

2.电路；线路

circular

a.1.环行的，圆形的

2.循环的

trail

n.apath,oftenthroughaforestoracrossroughground（荒野中的）小径，小道

PhrasesandExpressions

inthedeadofnight

inthequietestpartofthenight夜深人静之时

getthrough

completesuccessfully;managetolivethrough（adifficultexperienceorperiodoftime）完成；消磨，度过（时间）

rightnow

immediately;atthismoment立刻，马上

initself

consideredasacompletethingorexperience,withoutthinkingofeffects,consequences,etc.本身，实质上

inthepresenceofsb.

intheplacewheresb.is;withsb.there在某人面前，当着某人的面

workon

affect;influence对…起作用；影响

goforth（into）

setout出发

underpressure

influencedbyneedornecessity;sufferingstress被催逼；在压力下

puttogether

（usedafteranounornounsreferringtoagroupofpeopleorthings）combined;intotal合在一起

bugout

（AmEsl.）becomementallyunbalanced（美俚）烦恼，困惑

beconsiderateof/to/towardsb.

payattentiontosb.'sneeds,wishes,orfeelings替某人着想，体贴某人

befearfulof

beafraidof惧怕

beboundfor

intendingtogoto;goingto准备到…去；开往

fitinto

betherightsizeorshapefor;besuitablefor与…相符，与…相适应

allalong

allthetime;fromthebeginning一直，始终；从一开始就

conceiveof

thinkof构想出；设想