U4 Vocabulary.docx

1、U4 VocabularyNew Wordscampusn. the grounds of a university, college or school; a university 大学校园，学校校园；大学piercinga. (of voices, sounds, etc.) very sharp, esp. in an unpleasant way （声音等）尖厉的，刺耳的piercevi. make a hole in or through (sth.) with a sharp point 刺穿，戳穿pierce something: The arrow pierced his sh

2、oulder.pierce through something:The knife pierced through his coat.presumablyadv. it may be supposed; probably 假定；可能* presumev. believe sth. to be true without direct proof but with some feeling of being certain; suppose （没有根据地）相信；推测presume:1 :to suppose that something is true, although you do not h

3、ave actual proof (synonym :assume) presume (that)I presumed (that) he understood the rules. it is presumed thatLittle is known of the youngest son; it is presumed that he died young. presume somebody/something to be/have somethingI presumed him to be her husband.2 transitive to accept that something

4、 is true until it is shown not to be true, especially in court presume somebody/something + adjectiveTwelve passengers are missing, presumed dead.In English law, a person is presumed innocent until proved guilty.presume something presume somebody/something to be/have something3 transitive presume so

5、mething(formal) to accept something as true or existing and to act on that basisThe course seems to presume some previous knowledge of the subject.4 intransitive presume to do something(formal) to behave in a way that shows a lack of respect by doing something that you have no right to doI wouldnt p

6、resume to tell you how to run your own business.PHRASAL VERBS presume on/upon somebody/something (formal)to make use of somebodys friendship by asking them for more than you should presume on/upon somebody/something to do somethingI felt it would be presuming on our personal relationship to keep ask

7、ing her for help.graven. the place where a dead person is buried 坟墓a. serious or solemn in manner; (of a situation) serious and worrying 严肃的，庄严的；（形势）严重的gravityn. 1. 严肃，庄严；严重2. 重力；地心引力Grip (Grasp): grip (on somebody/something): an act of holding sb./sth. ; a particular way of doing thisKeep a tight g

8、rip on the rope. grip (on somebody/something) : control or power over sb./sth.The home team took a firm grip on the game. grip (on something) :an understanding of somethingI couldnt get a grip on what was going on.IDIOMScome/get to grips with somethingto begin to understand and deal with something d

9、ifficultIm slowly getting to grips with the language.They have so far failed to come to grips with the ecological problems.get/take a grip (on yourself)to improve your behaviour or control your emotions after being afraid, upset or angryI have to take a grip on myself, he told himself firmly.(inform

10、al)Get a grip!(= make an effort to control your emotions)in the grip of somethingexperiencing something unpleasant that cannot be stoppeda country in the grip of recessionlose your grip (on something)to become unable to understand or control a situationSometimes I feel Im losing my grip.* segmentn.

11、a part of sth. 部分preparationn. arrangement for a future event 准备prepare: prepare something/somebodyto prepare a report prepare something/somebody for somebody/somethingA hotel room is being prepared for them.The college prepares students for a career in business. prepare to do somethingI was prepari

12、ng to leave. prepare yourself to do somethingThe troops prepared themselves to go into battle.wealthya. rich 富有的wealth1 uncountable a large amount of money, property, etc. that a person or country ownsa person of wealth and influenceHis personal wealth is estimated at around $100 million.the distrib

13、ution of wealth in Britain2 uncountable the state of being richThe purpose of industry is to create wealth.Good education often depends on wealth.3 singularwealth of somethinga large amount of somethinga wealth of informationThe new manager brings a great wealth of experience to the job.glorifyvt. p

14、raise highly 颂扬，赞颂gloryn. great fame, honor, and admiration 光荣；荣誉potenta. powerful, strong, forceful or effective 强有力的；有权势的；有效力的potential: that can develop into something or be developed in the futureself-inducedcaused or brought about by oneself 自己导致的* inducevt. lead or cause (sb.) to do sth.; pers

15、uade or influence (sb.) to do sth. 导致；劝使，诱导introduce?* incidentallyad. by the way 顺便说一句accidentally?commencementn. 1. (AmE) a ceremony at which university or college students are given their degrees or diplomas （美）毕业典礼；学位授予典礼2. beginning of sth. 开始commencev. begin; start 开始；着手ceremonyn. 典礼，仪式commenc

16、ement ceremony(AmE) a college or university graduation ceremony （美）毕业典礼reckoningn. settlement of an account or a bill; (fig.) punishment 结帐；（喻）算帐，惩罚reckonvt. 1. calculate; add up (an amount, cost, etc.) 计算；算出（数量、费用等） reckon something (at something)I could see him reckoning the cost as I spoke.2. con

17、sider, regard 认为，把看作I reckon (that) Im going to get that job.Hell be famous one day.What do you reckon(= do you agree)? reckon to do something(British English, informal) to expect to do somethingWe reckon to finish by ten.day of reckoning(a Biblical reference) the time when one must eventually be pu

18、nished for what one has done wrong （源自圣经）清算日，最后审判日equipvt. prepare (sb.) for dealing with a particular situation by providing necessary tools, education, etc.; suply (sb./ sth. with what is needed for a particular purpose) （智力、体力上）使有准备；配备，装备equipmentfacility: buildings, services, equipment, etc. tha

19、t are provided for a particular purposesports/leisure facilitiesfacilitate: facilitate sth. inevitablyad. 不可必免地；必然发生地inevitablea. which cannot be avoided or prevented from happening; certain to happen 不可避免的；必然发生的intertwineda. joined tightly together; very closely connected 互相缠结的，缠绕在一起的interinternati

20、onalinterviewpremedicala. preparing for the study of medicine 医学预科的* dentistn. a doctor trained to take care of peoples teeth 牙医cheerfula. in good spirit; causing a happy feeling 兴高采烈的；使人愉快的cheer upcheer a cheerleading squad/teamconvict: convict somebody (of something)to decide and state officially

21、in court that somebody is guilty of a crimeconvictionn. a firm opinion or belief 深信，确信；把握roommaten. 住在同室的人，室友classmate schoolmatesoulmate typewritern. 打字机typist* bugvt. 1. (AmE) (infml) trouble (sb.) continually （美俚）烦扰，纠缠2. (infml) fit with a secret listening apparatus （口）在装窃听器n. (AmE) a tiny insect

22、, esp. one that causes damage; (infml) a fault or difficulty （美）虫子；（口）故障；毛病consideratea. careful not to hurt or trouble others; thoughtful 考虑周到的；替人着想的consider: consider something: She considered her options. consider doing something : Were considering buying a new car. consider how/what, etc : We ne

23、ed to consider how the law might be reformed.fearfula. afraid, anxious 惧怕的，忧虑的fear: fear (of somebody/something)We lived in constant fear of losing our jobs. fear (for somebody/something)her fears for her sons safety fear (that)The doctors report confirmed our worst fears.goal-obsesseda. extremely e

24、ager to realize ones goals 一心要实现目标的pre-arrangeda. planned or prepared in advance 预先准备好的arrangevt. 1. plan in advance; prepare 安排，准备2. set in good or pleasing order 整理；排列* slotn. 1. a place or position in a schedule, list or series （口）（在机构、名单、程序等中的）位置，职位2. a narrow opening in a tool or machine 狭长孔；狭槽

25、informallyad. 非正式地；不拘礼节地formal:economistn. an expert in economics 经济学家economy (n.)economic (adj.)a mixed baga group of people or things of different kinds and different qualities （人或物的）混合体；大杂烩circuitousa. indirect 迂回的，绕行的circuitn. 1. 环行；环行道2. 电路；线路circulara. 1. 环行的，圆形的2. 循环的trailn. a path, often thr

26、ough a forest or across rough ground （荒野中的）小径，小道Phrases and Expressionsin the dead of nightin the quietest part of the night 夜深人静之时get throughcomplete successfully; manage to live through (a difficult experience or period of time) 完成；消磨，度过（时间）right nowimmediately; at this moment 立刻，马上in itselfconsid

27、ered as a complete thing or experience, without thinking of effects, consequences, etc. 本身，实质上in the presence of sb.in the place where sb. is; with sb. there 在某人面前，当着某人的面work onaffect; influence 对起作用；影响go forth (into)set out 出发under pressureinfluenced by need or necessity; suffering stress 被催逼；在压力下p

28、ut together(used after a noun or nouns referring to a group of people or things) combined; in total 合在一起bug out(AmE sl.) become mentally unbalanced （美俚）烦恼，困惑be considerate of/to/toward sb.pay attention to sb. s needs, wishes, or feelings 替某人着想，体贴某人be fearful ofbe afraid of 惧怕be bound forintending to go to; going to 准备到去；开往fit intobe the right size or shape for; be suitable for 与相符，与相适应all alongall the time; from the beginning 一直，始终；从一开始就conceive ofthink of 构想出；设想