八年级英语知识点整理.docx

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八年级英语知识点整理.docx

八年级英语知识点整理

英语重点知识整理

Chapter1

重点词语:

1.loseone'smemory失去记忆2.agreetodosth.同意做某事

3.beconnectedto与…连接4.beangrywithsth.对某人生气

5.injured=hurt受伤6.repair=mend=fix修理

7.memorize=remember记忆8.breakdown=gowrong出现故障

9.topic=subject主题10.betweenAandB在A和B之间

11.strange=unusual=surprising

知识要点:

1.mind大脑(指抽象的思维)=brain(一般指器官)loseone'smind发疯

loseone'smemory失忆Eg.First,youloseyourmemory.

makeupone'smindtodo作出决定

keep/bearsb/sthinmind将…记在心中

拓展:

a)minddoingsth.介意做某事用于疑问句或否定句中

Eg.Wouldyoumindmysmoking?

b)mindsth.当心Eg.Pleasemindthestep.当心台阶

2.imagine想象+句子\doingsth.

Eg.Ican'timaginewhathashappened.我想象不出发生了什么事。

3.deathn死亡

diev死亡eg.Herhusbanddiedsuddenlylastweek.

deadadj.失去生命的Eg.Mymother'sdead;shediedin1987.我的母亲不在了,她是1987年去世的。

Eg.Thecomputerdied\wasdead.=Thecomputerdidn'twork.

4.end以..结尾endsthwithsth以…为结束

eg.Theyendedtheplaywithasong.他们以一首歌结束了这出戏。

attheendoftheweek/month/year在周末、月底、年终时(intheend最后)

5.gowrong出现问题=don'twork

(wentwrong=stoppedworking=didn'twork)

语法:

If引导的条件状语从句

条件状语从句,表示主句动作发生的条件。

由If引导的条件状语从句表示假如有从句的动作发生就会有主句的动作发生。

1)结构:

if作“如果”解,用来引导条件状语从句,可放在主句前面或后面。

Eg.IfIfinishmyreport,Iwillbeveryhappy.

=Iwillbeveryhappy,ifIfinishmyreport.

2)unless除非=if……not

3)时态:

主观:

if+句子(一般现在时),句子(一般将来时)

客观:

if+句子(一般现在时),句子(一般现在时)

4)转换if从句和主句还可以由“祈使句+and、or+简单句”代替

and:

句意顺承or:

否则

Eg.Ifyoustudyhard,you'llpassexam.

=Studyhard,andyou'llpassexam.

Ifyoudon'thurryup,you'llmissthetrain.

=Hurryup,oryou'llmissthetrain.

5)if有“是否”的意思

Eg.Doyouknowif(是否)hewillcometomorrow?

Idon'tknowif(是否)hewillcometomorrow.

If(如果)hecomes,Iwilltellyou.

Chapter2

重点词语:

1.allaroundtheworld全世界2.anumberof=some一些

3.befullof=befilledwith充满……4.show=beonscreen上映

5.create=make=produce产生6.together=witheachother一起

7.feellikedoingsth.=wanttodosth.想要做某事

8.getintotrouble=causeaproblem使……陷入麻烦

9.stayup=gotobedverylate熬夜

10.wonder=wanttoknow想知道

11.around=everywhere=hereandthere到处

知识要点:

1.successn成功successfuladj.成功的

succeedindoingsth.v成功做某事successfullyadv.成功地

Eg.Itwasagreatsuccess.

2.anumberof一些(复数)thenumberof……的数量(单数)

Eg.Thenumberofstudentsinourclassis51,andanumberofthemaregood

students.

3.though尽管

Thoughheisold,herunsfast.=Herunsfastthoughheisold.

“though”不能“but”连用

4.bad-tempered=easilygetangry脾气坏的

2.Whatdoyouthinkof…?

=Howdoyoulike…?

语法:

形容词(adj.)

1)adj.+n作定语

Eg.Sheisatall,beautifulgirl.

2)be/look/sound,/smell/taste/feel/seem+adj.作表语

有些形容词只能作表语:

alive,awake,asleep,alone……

Eg.Itsoundsgood.

2)make,keep,want,find,think,like,prefer+sb.+adj.作宾语补足语

Eg.Wemakethechildhappy.

4)Itis+adj.+todosth.Sth.+is+adj.+todosth.

Eg.Itisinterestingtoreadthebook.

Chapter3

重点词语:

1.warmth=heat热量2.takeaction采取行动

3.cause=leadto导致4.inorderto…为了…

5.inform=tell通知6.grateful=thankful感激

7.reach=getin=arriveat\in到达8.absorb=takein吸收(反义词:

givesthout)

9.prefersth.=likesth.Better10.mountainsof=alotof=lotsof许多

11.keep……doingsth.=stop\prevent……(from)doingsth.阻止……做某事

12.preferAtoB=likeAbetterthanB喜欢A甚于B

13.solveaproblem=workoutaproblem解决问题

知识要点:

1.n+less=adj.(反)

home(家)+less=homeless(无家可归)

2.toomuch+n太多(数量)

muchtoo+adj.太…(程度)

Eg.Ican'teattoomuch.Iwasmuchtootired.

3.without与if转换Eg.Withoutwater,wewouldbedie.

=Ifthereisnowater,wewouldbedied.

4.inorderto+dosth

inorderthat+句子

5.asmuch(+不可数名词)as和…一样多

asmany(+可数名词)as和….一样多

语法:

1)Whenweaskforreasons,weuse'why'

Thereasonwhy+句子

2)because+句子becauseof+短语

because不能与so连用

Eg.Hedidn'tcometoschoolbecausehewasill.

=Hewasill,sohedidn'tcometoschool.

3)likea)像……表示事物在一个或多个方面相同b)喜欢

Eg.Whodosehelooklike?

Whichbookdoyoulike?

like+名词或代词as+从句

Eg.Theboylookslikeshisfather.Iwilldoasyouadvise.

4)as+adj.\adv.(原级)+as表示双方状况一模一样

Eg.Myschoolisasheavyasyours.

5)notso\as+adj.\adv.(原级)+as表示双方状况不(那么)一样

Eg.Itisnotso\ashotasyesterday.

Chapter4

重点词语:

1.returnto=gobackto返回2.incase=if如果

3.fortunate=lucky幸运的4.attendto=takepartin参加

5.goonsightseeingtour进行观光旅游6.be(deeply)movedby被…(深深地)感动.

7.improve=makesth…better改善8.learnabout=knowabout了解

9.sincethen=afterthat从那时起10.giveatalkabout做一个关于……的演讲

11.keepintouchwithsb.=communicatewith与…保持联系

知识要点:

1.lookforwardto+doingsth.期待做某事

Eg.Iamlookingforwardtowelcomingyou.

2.accept接受反义词:

refuse拒绝

Eg.Hereceivedmygiftbuthedidn'tacceptit.

3.sb'saimistodo某人的目标是……Eg.Myaimistopasstheexam.

4.takesth.withsb.某人带某物takesomephotos拍照

Eg.Youcantakeitwithyou.

语法:

状语从句

A.目的状语从句:

表示目的回答whatfor或forwhatpurpose的问题,常用关联词sothat,inorderthat等引导,一般置于主语之后。

目的状语从句的谓语动词常由“情态动词+动词原形”构成Eg.IdomorningexerciseseverydaysothatIcan

keephealthy.

B.结果状语从句:

是表示事态结果的从句,通常主句是原因,从句是结果。

由sothat(从句中一般没有情态动词),so……that,such……that引导。

注:

somany、much、few、little……that(固定搭配)

1)sucha\anadj.+n.(单数)+that从句

=soadj.\adv.a\an+n(单数)+that从句

Eg.Sheissuchalovelygirlthateveryonelikesher.

=Sheissolovelyagirlthateveryonelikesher.

2)such(+adj.)+n(复数)+that从句

Eg.Hehassuchlongarmsthathecanalmosttouchtheceiling.

=Hisarmsaresolongthathecanalmosttouchtheceiling.

3)such(+adj.)+n(不可数)+that从句

Eg.Shemadesuchrapidprogressthattheteacherpraisedher.

4)soadj.\adv.+that从句

C让步状语从句although与though引导,后面不能有but,但可以有still或yet.

Eg.Althoughitwaslate,shestillstudying.

Chapter5

重点词语:

1.stunning=attractive极好的2.preparefor=getreadyto准备……

3.quit=leave离开4.takelesson=havelesson上课

5.bestrictwithsb.对某人严格bestrictinsth.对某事严格

6.managetodosth.=trytodosth.设法做某事7.ataprice以很高的代价

8givesomeoneahand=helpsb.帮助某人

9.begratefulfor=bethankfulto感谢某人

10.giveupdoingsth.=stopdoingsth.放弃做某事

知识要点:

1.beborn出生(常用过去时)

Eg.Whenandwherewereyouborn?

2.bestrictwithsb对某人要求严格

bestrictinsth.对某事要求严格

Eg.Myfatherisverystrictwithme.

Ourteachersareverystrictwithourhomework.

2.oneofthe+最高级+名词复数….之一

Eg.LangLangisoneoftheyoungestandmostfamouspianistsofourtime.

3.westernadj.西方的——west西n.easternadj.东方的——east东n.

northernadj.北方的——north北n.southernadj.南方的——south南n.

4.fallill=getsick生病

Eg.Ifellilltwodaysago.=Ihavebeenillfortwodays.

fallill为非延续性词,不能和一段时间连用,所以要用beill。

5.appointment约会make\haveanappointmentwith和……预约\有约

cancelanappointment取消约会keepanappointment践约

Eg.Ihaveanappointmentwithmyfriends.

6.attheageof在…岁

Eg.LangLangbegantakingpianolessonsattheageofthree.

=LangLangbegantakingpianolessonswhenhewasthree.

7.clothing衣服总称,不可数,谓语用单数,用apieceof\anarticleof

clothes指具体衣服,为复数名词,谓语用复数,用asuitof\twosuitsofclothes.

注:

apieceofcloth一块布

8.介词与时间:

at+时间点on+具体某一天in+月、季节、年

Eg.at8'clockonSundaymorninginJanuary

8.independent独立的反义词:

dependentadj.依赖

dependon依赖于……

Eg.Weshouldbeindependent.

语法:

pastcontinuoustense(过去进行时)

a)过去进行时+时间点

Eg.IwaswatchingTVwithmyfamilyat9lastnight.

b)过去进行时(持续性动词)+while+过去进行时(持续性动词)

表示两个动词在过去某一具体时刻进行同时进行

Eg.MymotherwascookingwhilemyfatherwaswatchingTV.

c)过去进行时(持续性动词)+when+一般过去时(短暂性动词)

Eg.Theboywasplayingbasketballwhentheteachercamein.

Chapter6

重点词语:

得到2.gain=get方法1.method=way

出现ealong=showup3.select=choose选择

继续6.goon=continue必5.haveto=must须

当地;正确地7.properly=correctly\right恰经过9.passby=gopass8.joy=happiness=pleasure欢乐

除了10.except=notincluding

某人做某事鼓励11.encouragesb.todosth.

begsb.todo=asksb.todo求12.beg请

要点:

知识=notincluding1.expectfor除了beside

exceptfor、比较except、类)Thebuswasempty,exceptfortom.(前后不同类)Wegotoschooleverydayexceptweekend.(前后不同)于(相当andWehavewinterholidaybesidessummerholiday.n

丐beggar乞求v.2.beg请求某人做某事begsb.todosth.=asksb.todosth.请

么向某人要什begsb.forsth.=asksb.forsth

Eg.Ibegyourpardon.

的joyless不快乐的3.joy=happiness=pleasure欢乐joyful快乐惊奇toone'ssurprise令……感到……toone'sjoy令感到快乐

Eg.Successbroughthimjoy

句义疑问4.反a.陈述部分肯定式+疑问部分否定式可记为前肯后否定.

Heisastudent,isn'the?

Eg.

b.陈述部分否定式+疑问部分肯定式可记为前否后肯定.

Eg.Heisn'tastudent,ishe?

口诀:

前肯后否,前否后肯,前be后be,前无be后助,时态一致。

5.moreandmore+adj.越来越……

Eg.Shebecamemoreandmorebeautiful.

6.passby=gopass经过cross=goacross过马路

Eg.Timepassedquickly.

语法:

定语从句

在英语中,修饰名词或代词的叫定语从句,其作用的作定语修饰主句的某个名词性成分,相当于形容词,所以又称为形容词性从句,一般紧跟在它修饰的先行词后面。

先行词:

被定语从句修饰的名词或代词

代表人:

who、that代表物:

which、that

Thegirlwho\thathaslonghairismysister.

Thehousewhich\thatishighismyhouse.

只能用that作为定语从句的关系代词的情况:

a.therebe句型;

b.在不定代词,如anything,nothing,theone,all,much,few,any,little等做先行词;

c.先行词有theonly,little修饰;

d.先行词有序数词、数词、形容词最高词;

e.先行词既有人,又有物时;

关系代词只能用which,不能用that的情况:

a.先行词为that,those时;Eg.What'sthatwhichisunderthedesk?

Eg.Thisistheroomiswhichhelives?

词前有介词系关b.

Chapter7

重点词语最新的thenewest2.latest=1.seldom=rarely=notveryoften很少4.whole=complete整个的3.responsibility=duty责任

期待6.expect=hopefor5.useful=helpful

8.receive=get得到7.disturb=interrupt=givetroubleto……打扰

10.perform=show表演续9.last=tocontinueintime持

看管12.lookafter=takecareof获得成功11.makeit=succeed

笔13.

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