八年级英语知识点整理.docx

1、八年级英语知识点整理 英语重点知识整理 Chapter 1 重点词语： 1. lose one s memory失去记忆 2.agree to do sth. 同意做某事 3. be connected to 与连接 4.be angry with sth.对某人生气 5.injured=hurt 受伤 6.repair=mend=fix 修理 7.memorize=remember记忆 8.break down=go wrong出现故障 9.topic =subject 主题 10.between A and B 在A和B之间 11.strange=unusual=surprising 知识

2、要点： 1.mind 大脑（指抽象的思维） =brain（一般指器官）lose ones mind 发疯 lose one s memory 失忆 Eg.First ,you lose your memory. make up ones mind to do 作出决定 keep/bear sb/sth in mind将记在心中 拓展：a) mind doing sth. 介意做某事 用于疑问句或否定句中 Eg.Would you mind my smoking? b) mind sth. 当心 Eg. Please mind the step. 当心台阶 2. imagine 想象 +句子do

3、ing sth. Eg. I cant imagine what has happened. 我想象不出发生了什么事。 3.death n死亡 die v死亡 eg.Her husband died suddenly last week. dead adj. 失去生命的 Eg.My mothers dead;she died in 1987.我的母亲不在了，她是1987年去世的。 Eg. The computer died was dead. =The computer didnt work. 4.end 以.结尾 end sth with sth以为结束 eg.They ended the

4、play with a song.他们以一首歌结束了这出戏。 at the end of the week/month/year在周末、月底、年终时(in the end最后) 5.go wrong出现问题 =dont work (went wrong=stopped working=didnt work) 语法： If 引导的条件状语从句 条件状语从句，表示主句动作发生的条件。由If引导的条件状语从句表示假如有从句的动作发生就会有主句的动作发生。 1) 结构： if作“如果”解，用来引导条件状语从句，可放在主句前面或后面。 Eg. If I finish my report, I will

5、be very happy. =I will be very happy, if I finish my report. 2）unless 除非 =if not 3）时态：主观：if+句子（一般现在时），句子（一般将来时） 客观：if+句子（一般现在时），句子（一般现在时） 4）转换 if从句和主句还可以由“祈使句+and、or+简单句”代替 and：句意顺承 or：否则 Eg. If you study hard, youll pass exam. = Study hard, and youll pass exam. If you dont hurry up, youll miss the

6、train. = Hurry up, or youll miss the train. 5）if 有“是否”的意思 Eg. Do you know if（是否） he will come tomorrow？ I dont know if (是否)he will come tomorrow. If(如果) he comes ,I will tell you . Chapter 2 重点词语： 1.all around the world 全世界 2.a number of =some一些 3.be full of=be filled with 充满 4.show=be on screen 上映

7、5.create =make=produce 产生 6.together=with each other一起 7. feel like doing sth. =want to do sth.想要做某事 8. get into trouble =cause a problem 使陷入麻烦 9stay up =go to bed very late 熬夜 10.wonder = want to know 想知道 11.around = everywhere = here and there 到处 知识要点： 1.success n成功 successful adj. 成功的 succeed in

8、doing sth. v成功做某事 successfully adv. 成功地 Eg. It was a great success. 2. a number of 一些（复数） the number of 的数量（单数） Eg. The number of students in our class is 51, and a number of them are good students. 3. though 尽管 Though he is old , he runs fast .= He runs fast though he is old . “though”不能“but”连用 4.b

9、ad-tempered = easily get angry 脾气坏的 2.What do you think of ? = How do you like? 语法：形容词（adj.） 1） adj.+ n 作定语 Eg. She is a tall, beautiful girl. 2）be/look /sound,/smell/taste /feel /seem+ adj. 作表语 有些形容词只能作表语： alive , awake , asleep ,alone Eg. It sounds good. 2） make, keep, want, find, think, like, pre

10、fer +sb. +adj. 作宾语补足语 Eg. We make the child happy. 4) It is +adj. +to do sth. Sth. + is +adj. + to do sth. Eg. It is interesting to read the book. Chapter 3 重点词语： 1.warmth=heat热量 2. take action 采取行动 3.cause =lead to 导致 4.in order to为了 5.inform = tell 通知 6.grateful = thankful 感激 7. reach=get in=arriv

11、e atin到达 8.absorb=take in 吸收（反义词：give sth out） 9.prefer sth. = like sth. Better 10. mountains of= a lot of=lots of 许多 11.keepdoing sth. =stopprevent(from)doing sth.阻止做某事 12. prefer A to B =like A better than B 喜欢A 甚于B 13.solve a problem=work out a problem 解决问题 知识要点： 1. n+less=adj.（反） home（家）+less= h

12、omeless （无家可归） 2. too much + n 太多（数量） much too + adj. 太 （程度） Eg. I cant eat too much. I was much too tired. 3.without与if 转换 Eg. Without water，we would be die. =If there is no water, we would be died. 4.in order to +do sth in order that + 句子 5.as much （+不可数名词） as 和 一样多 as many （+ 可数名词）as 和.一样多 语法： 1）

13、 When we ask for reasons, we use why The reason why+句子 2） because+句子 because of +短语 because不能与so连用 Eg. He didnt come to school because he was ill. =He was ill, so he didnt come to school. 3）like a)像 表示事物在一个或多个方面相同 b)喜欢 Eg. Who dose he look like? Which book do you like? like+名词或代词 as+从句 Eg. The boy l

14、ooks likes his father. I will do as you advise. 4) as +adj.adv.(原级) + as 表示双方状况一模一样 Eg. My school is as heavy as yours. 5) not soas + adj.adv. (原级) +as 表示双方状况不（那么）一样 Eg. It is not soas hot as yesterday. Chapter 4 重点词语： 1. return to = go back to 返回 2. in case =if 如果 3. fortunate = lucky 幸运的 4.attend

15、to = take part in参加 5.go on sightseeing tour 进行观光旅游 6.be (deeply) moved by 被(深深地) 感动 7.improve=make sth better 改善 8.learn about = know about 了解 9.since then = after that 从那时起 10.give a talk about 做一个关于的演讲 11.keep in touch with sb. =communicate with 与保持联系 知识要点： 1. look forward to + doing sth. 期待做某事 E

16、g. I am looking forward to welcoming you. 2.accept 接受 反义词： refuse 拒绝 Eg. He received my gift but he didnt accept it. 3. sb s aim is to do 某人的目标是 Eg. My aim is to pass the exam. 4. take sth. with sb. 某人带某物 take some photos 拍照 Eg. You can take it with you. 语法：状语从句 A.目的状语从句 :表示目的 回答 what for或for what p

17、urpose的问题，常用关联词 so that ,in order that等引导，一般置于主语之后。目的状语从句的谓语动词常由“情态动词+动词原形”构成Eg. I do morning exercises every day so that I can keep healthy. B.结果状语从句:是表示事态结果的从句，通常主句是原因，从句是结果。由so that（从句中一般没有情态动词），so that，suchthat引导。注：so many、much、few、littlethat(固定搭配) 1) such aan adj. +n.(单数) +that从句 =so adj.adv. a

18、an +n (单数) +that从句 Eg. She is such a lovely girl that everyone likes her. = She is so lovely a girl that everyone likes her. 2) such (+adj.)+n(复数)+ that从句 Eg. He has such long arms that he can almost touch the ceiling. =His arms are so long that he can almost touch the ceiling. 3) such (+adj.)+n(不可数

19、)+that从句 Eg. She made such rapid progress that the teacher praised her. 4) so adj.adv. + that从句 C让步状语从句 although与though引导，后面不能有but，但可以有still或yet . Eg. Although it was late, she still studying. Chapter 5 重点词语： 1.stunning=attractive极好的 2.prepare for =get ready to准备 3.quit=leave 离开 4.take lesson=have l

20、esson 上课 5.be strict with sb. 对某人严格 be strict in sth. 对某事严格 6. manage to do sth. =try to do sth.设法做某事 7.at a price以很高的代价 8 give someone a hand=help sb. 帮助某人 9.be grateful for =be thankful to 感谢某人 10. give up doing sth. =stop doing sth.放弃做某事 知识要点： 1. be born 出生 （常用过去时） Eg. When and where were you bor

21、n? 2.be strict with sb 对某人要求严格 be strict in sth.对某事要求严格 Eg. My father is very strict with me. Our teachers are very strict with our home work. 2.one of the + 最高级 + 名词复数 .之一 Eg.Lang Lang is one of the youngest and most famous pianists of our time. 3. western adj. 西方的west西n. eastern adj.东方的east 东n. no

22、rthern adj.北方的 north北n. southern adj.南方的south南n. 4.fall ill =get sick 生病 Eg. I fell ill two days ago. =I have been ill for two days. fall ill为非延续性词，不能和一段时间连用，所以要用be ill。 5.appointment 约会 makehave an appointment with和预约有约 cancel an appointment 取消约会 keep an appointment 践约 Eg. I have an appointment wit

23、h my friends. 6.at the age of 在岁 Eg.Lang Lang began taking piano lessons at the age of three. = Lang Lang began taking piano lessons when he was three. 7.clothing 衣服总称，不可数，谓语用单数，用a piece ofan article of clothes 指具体衣服，为复数名词，谓语用复数，用a suit of two suits of clothes. 注： a piece of cloth 一块布 8.介词与时间 ：at+时间

24、点 on+具体某一天 in+月、季节、年 Eg. at 8clock on Sunday morning in January 8.independent 独立的 反义词：dependent adj.依赖 depend on 依赖于 Eg. We should be independent. 语法：past continuous tense(过去进行时) a)过去进行时+时间点 Eg. I was watching TV with my family at 9 last night. b) 过去进行时(持续性动词)+while+过去进行时(持续性动词) 表示两个动词在过去某一具体时刻进行同时进

25、行 Eg. My mother was cooking while my father was watching TV. c)过去进行时(持续性动词)+when+一般过去时(短暂性动词) Eg. The boy was playing basketball when the teacher came in. Chapter 6 重点词语： 得到 2.gain=get 方法 1.method= way 出现 e along= show up 3.select=choose 选择 继续 6.go on = continue 必5.have to=must 须 当地；正确地 7.properly=c

26、orrectlyright 恰 经过 9.pass by =go pass 8.joy=happiness=pleasure 欢乐 除了10.except = not including 某人做某事鼓励11.encourage sb. to do sth. beg sb. to do = ask sb. to do 求 12.beg 请 要点：知识= not including 1.expect for除了beside except for、比较except 、 类）The bus was empty, except for tom. （前后不同 类）We go to school every

27、 day except weekend. （前后不同 ）于（相当andWe have winter holiday besides summer holiday. n 丐beggar 乞求v. 2.beg 请 求某人做某事beg sb. to do sth. =ask sb .to do sth. 请 么 向某人要什beg sb. for sth. =ask sb. for sth Eg. I beg your pardon. 的joyless不快乐 的 3.joy =happiness=pleasure 欢乐 joyful 快乐 惊奇to ones surprise令感到 to ones j

28、oy令感到快乐 Eg. Success brought him joy 句义疑问4. 反a.陈述部分肯定式+疑问部分否定式 可记为 前肯后否定. He is a student , isnt he ?Eg. b.陈述部分否定式+疑问部分肯定式 可记为 前否后肯定. Eg. He isnt a student， is he ? 口诀：前肯后否，前否后肯，前be后be，前无be后助,时态一致。 5.more and more+ adj.越来越 Eg. She became more and more beautiful. 6. pass by =go pass 经过 cross =go acros

29、s 过马路 Eg. Time passed quickly. 语法：定语从句 在英语中，修饰名词或代词的叫定语从句，其作用的作定语修饰主句的某个名词性成分，相当于形容词，所以又称为形容词性从句，一般紧跟在它修饰的先行词后面。 先行词：被定语从句修饰的名词或代词 代表人：who 、that 代表物：which、that The girl whothat has long hair is my sister. The house whichthat is high is my house. 只能用that作为定语从句的关系代词的情况： a. there be句型 ； b. 在不定代词，如anyth

30、ing, nothing, the one, all, much, few, any, little等做先行词； c.先行词有the only ,little修饰； d.先行词有序数词、数词、形容词最高词； e.先行词既有人，又有物时； 关系代词只能用which，不能用that的情况： a.先行词为that，those时; Eg. Whats that which is under the desk? Eg.This is the room is which he lives? 词前有介词系关b. Chapter 7 ：重点词语 最新的 the newest 2. latest=1.seldom =rarely=not very often 很少 4. whole =complete 整个的 3.responsibility=duty 责任 期待 6. expect=hope for 5.useful=helpful 8.receive=get得到 7.disturb=interrupt=give trouble to打扰 10.perform=show 表演 续9.last =to continue in time 持 看管 12. look after =take care of 获得成功 11.make it =succeed 笔13.