国际贸易双语课程习题集.docx

国际贸易双语课程习题集.docx

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国际贸易双语课程习题集

《国际贸易》双语课程

习题集

Chapter1Introduction

1.ImportantConcepts:

Specialization 

Exchangerate

Importquota

Exportindustries

Globalization

Relativelyclosedeconomy

Import-competingindustries

2.      Choices:

（1）Internationaltransactionsconstituteanextensionofdomestictransactions.Inbothcases,tradeoffersthebenefitsof             .

a.specialization   b.industrialization   c.globalization   d.tariff

（2）Thereareafewofthedifferencesbetweendomesticandforeigntrade.WhichoneisNOTincluded?

a.ExchangeRates b.CommercialPolicies c.MarketingConsiderations d.AggregateMeasures

（3）Commoditytradeisnottheonlycomponentofinternationaltransactionsthathasexpandedrapidly.Sodointernational          transactions.

a.industrialproducts  b.agriculturalproducts   c.service   d.rawmaterials

3.      ReviewQuestions

（1）Distinguishbetween（a）exportindustries,（b）import-competingindustries,and（c）nontradedgoods.Giveexamplesofeach.

（2）JapaneselaborproductivityisroughlythesameasthatoftheUnitedStatesinthemanufacturingsector（higherinsomeindustries,lowerinothers）,whiletheUnitedStatesisstillconsiderablymoreproductiveintheservicesector.Butmostservicesarenontraded.SomeanalystshavearguedthatthisposesaproblemfortheUnitedStates,becauseourcomparativeadvantageliesinthingswecannotsellonworldmarkets.Whatiswrongwiththisargument?

（3）Evaluatethestatement,"TheUnitedStatesisaclosedeconomy,henceforeigntradeisofnoconsequencetoit."

Chapter2Internationaltradetheories

1. ImportantConcepts

Comparativeadvantage

Absoluteadvantage

Factorproportions（orendowment）theory

Productcycle

Inter-industrytrade

Intra-industrytrade

Capital-intensiveproducts

Capital-abundantcountry

Monopolisticcompetition

Factorpriceequalization

Leontiefscarce-factorparadox

2. Choices

（1）TheprincipleofcomparativeadvantagewasenunciatedearlyinthenineteenthcenturybytheEnglisheconomist           .a.DavidRicardo   b.DavidHume   c.AdamSmith   d.MordechaiE.Kreinin

（2）Whilecomparativeadvantagedeterminesthedirectionoftrade,absoluteadvantage determines            andthereforetherelativelivingstandardsofthetwocountries.

a.allocationofresources  b.inflation   c.thecountry’s

（3）CountryAhasanabsoluteadvantageovercountryBincommodityXifitcanproducethecommoditycheaperistheconceptof______________.

a.comparativeadvantage          b.absoluteadvantage

c.relativeadvantage              petitiveadvantage

Chapter3Internationaltradepolicies

1. ImportantConcepts

Demandconsideration

Dynamicgainsfromtrade

Country"inisolation"

Anti-inflationarytrade

2. Choices

（1）Japanprimarilyexportsmanufacturedgoods,whileimportingrawmaterialssuchasfoodandoil.FindoutthenegativeimpactionsonJapan'stermsoftradeofthefollowingevents_________.

a.AwarintheMiddleEastdisruptsoilsupply.

b.KoreadevelopstheabilitytoproduceautomobilesthatitcansellinCanadaandtheUnitedStates.

c.U.S.engineersdevelopafusionreactorthatreplacesfossilfuelelectricityplants.

d.AharvestfailureinRussia.

e.AreductioninJapan'stariffsonimportedbeefandcitrusfruit.

（2）Anationalgovernmentcanintroduceavarietyofrestrictionsuponinternationaltransactionsthatcannotbeimposedondomestictransactions.Thesecouldinclude            .

a.differentdomesticpolicies   b.voluntaryexportrestraint   c.statisticaldata   d.relativeimmobilityofproductivefactors

3. ReviewQuestions

Whatismeantbystrategictradepolicy?

Whatareitslimitations?

Howcanexportsubsidiesbringaboutanincreaseintheshareofglobalprofitsobtainedby“our”firms?

Chapter4Tariffs

1. ImportantConcepts

Tariffprotection

Advaloremtariff

Specifictariff

Effectivetariff

2. Choices

（1）WhichoneisNOTthetypeoftariff?

a.advaloremtariff   b.specifictariff   c.exporttariff   d.compoundduty

（2）Therule,whichguardsagainstdiscriminationininternationaltrade,isknownas        .

a.WTO   b.MFN   c.GATT    d.IMF

（3）Theeliminationoftariffinacustomsunionwillcausetheeffectof___________.

a.tradeimprovement            b.tradediversion 

c.tradecreation                d.tradecompetation

（4）Atariffrateishighenoughtokeepoutallimportsoftheproductwhichwecall__________.

a.revenuetariff                b.prohibitivetariff 

c.protectivetariff              d.specifictariff

Chapter5Non-tariffTradeBarriersandtheNewProtectionism

1. ImportantConcepts

Importquotas

Quotarents

Qualityupgrading

Dumping

Antidumpingduty

2. Choices

（1）   setsanabsolutelimitonthequantityofaproductthatmayenterthecountry.

a.Anexportquota   b.Animportquota   c.Tariff   d.Voluntaryexportrestraints

（2）Internationaltradeincertainprimarycommodities（namelyrawmaterialsoragriculturalproducts）isgovernedby             .

a.WTO   b.EU   c.OECD   d.ICAs

（3）Itiscustomarytodistinguishamongthreetypesofdumping.WhichonedoesNOTbelongtothose?

a.anti-dumping   b.sporadicdumping   c.predatorydumping   d.persistentdumping

（4）Acountrysetsanabsolutelimitonthequantityofaproductthatmayenteritistheconceptof______________.

a.quotarents                       b.indirecttaxes

c.auctioningimportlicense            d.importquotas

3. ReviewQuestions

（1）Evaluatethefollowingstatements:

a.Asinstrumentsofprotectiongo,atariffislessharmfultoacountrythananquota,andaquotaislessharmfulthanaVER.

b.Protectionisanexpensiveandinefficientwaytocreatejobs.

c.InternationalcommodityagreementsconstitutethebestwayofhelpingLDCscombattheeffectofviolentpricefluctuationsontheireconomies.

d.TheMultifibreAgrementrepresentsanexcellentwaytoorganizeinternationaltrade.Weshouldapplyittosteelandotherindustries.

（2）"Importquotasoncapital-intensiveindustrialgoodsandsubsidiesfortheimportofcapitalequipmentweremeanttocreatemanufacturingjobsinmanydevelopingcountries.Unfortunately,theyhaveprobablyhelpedcreatetheurban

Chapter6EconomicIntegrationandWTO

1.Explainthefollowingterms:

  Tradecreationofacustomsunion.

  Tradediversionofacustomsunion.

2.WhataretheconflictsbetweentheWTOandtheenvironmentalmovement?

3.Choices

（1）Internationalandregionalforumsfortradeandfinancialnegotiationincludesomeorganizationsexcept               .

a.WTO   b.EU   c.WorldBank   d.OECD

（2）Whatisuniqueaboutinrernationaleconomics____________.

a.exchangerates                 b.relativeimmobilityofproductivefactors

c.marketingconsiderations        d.commercialpolicies

（3）WhichofthefollowingactionswouldbelegalunderGATT___________.

a.AU.S.tariffof20percentagainstanycountrythatexportsmorethantwiceasmuchtotheUnitedStatesasitimportsinreturn.

b.AsubsidytoU.S.wheatexports,aimedatrecapturingsomeofthemarketslosttotheEuropeanUnion.

c.AU.S.tariffonCanadianlumberexports,notmatchedbyequivalentreductionsonothertariffs.

d.ACanadiantaxonlumberexports,agreedtoatthedemandoftheUnitedStatestoplacateU.S.lumberproducers.

e.Aprogramofsubsidizedresearchanddevelopmentinareasrelatedtohightechnologygoodssuchaselectronicsandsemiconductors.

f.Specialgovernmentassistanceforworkerswholosetheirjobsbecauseofimportcompetition.

Chapter7InternationalTradeandE-Commerce

1.Whatistheprocessofe-commerce？

2.Brieflyreviewthekeyinnovationsthatculminatedinthedigitalrevolution.Whatisthebasictechnologicalprocessthatmadetherevolutionpossible?

3.Whatisconvergence?

HowisconvergenceaffectingSony?

Kodak?

Nokia?

4.Whatistheinnovator'sdilemma?

Whatisthedifferencebetweensustainingtechnologyanddisruptivetechnology?

BrieflyreviewChristensen'sfiveprinciplesofdisruptiveinnovation.

5.Whatkeyissuesmustbeaddressedbyglobalcompaniesthatengageine-commerce?

6.WhatisthemeaningofDFI?

Listsomeofthefactorsthatinducecompaniestoinvestabroad.

Chapter8procedureofinternationaltrade

1.Pleaselistatleastthreeessentialconstituentsofadefiniteoffer.

2.Accordingtothetext,whatcharacteristicsdoesanindefiniteofferhave?

3.Pleasebrieflydescribetheexportprocess.

4.WhyisitofgreatimportancefortheexportertochecktheL/CagainstthesalescontractsverycarefullyafterreceivingtheL/C?

5.Whatdocumentsshouldusuallybesubmittedwhennegotiatingthroughthebank?

6.Pleasebrieflydescribetheimportprocess.

7.WhyistheshippingadvicesoimportantonCFR?

8.Whatinformationshouldbeincludedinapackinglist?

9.Pleaselistatleastsixkindsofdocumentsusedininternationaltrade?

10.WhatarethemajorfunctionsofanB/L

11.Whatarethecontentsandfunctionsofcommercialinvoice?

12.Whatisthefunctionofdocumentationinexportandimportpractices?

Chapter9InternationalTradeTerms

1.What’stradeterms?

2.PleasebrieflydescribethethirteentradetermsinIncoterms2000.

3.WhataretheobligationsofthebuyerunderthetermsofCIF,FOBandCFR?

4.WhataretheobligationsofthesellerunderthetermsofFCA,CPTandCIP?

5.Whichtradetermissuitabletoinlandwaterwayandoceanictransportation?

6.Pleasebrieflydescribethreeinternationaltradepractices.

7.Pleasedescribetheformationdomesticexpensesandforeignexpenses.

8.PleaselistatleastfourderivedformsofCFR.

9.What’sthemeaningofmainfreight?

10.What’sdifferencebetweensymbolic