高考英语精选备考题库系列含详解阅读理解一.docx

高考英语精选备考题库系列含详解阅读理解一.docx

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高考英语精选备考题库系列含详解阅读理解一

2012高考英语精选备考题库系列（含详解）

阅读理解

（一）

备战2012高考，精选阅读200篇，适合高三上学期使用，希望对大家有帮助。

（2011-8）

DoAmericanchildrenstilllearnhandwritinginschool?

Intheageofthekeyboard,somepeopleseemtothinkhandwritinglessonsareonthewayout.90%ofteacherssaytheyarerequiredtoteachhandwriting.Butstudieshaveyettoanswerthequestionofhowwelltheyareteachingit.Onestudypublishedthisyearfoundthataboutthreeoutofeveryfourteacherssaytheyarenotpreparedtoteachhandwriting.Someteachersareteachinghandwritingbyprovidinginstructionfor1015minutesaday,andthenotherteacherswhobasicallyteachitfor60to70minutesaday—whichreallyforhandwritingisprettymuch.

Manyadultsrememberlearningthatway—bycopyinglettersoverandoveragain.Today’sthinkingisthatshortperiodsofpracticearebetter.Manyexpertsalsothinkhandwritingshouldnotbetaughtbyitself.Instead,theysayitshouldbeusedasawaytogetstudentstoexpressideas.Afterall,thatiswhywewrite.

Handwritinginvolvestwoskills.Oneislegibility,whichmeansformingtheletterssotheycanberead.Theotherisfluency—writingwithouthavingtothinkaboutit.Fluencycontinuestodevelopupuntilhighschool.

Butnoteveryonemasterstheseskills.Teacherscommonlyreportthataboutonefourthoftheirkidshavepoorhandwriting.Somepeoplemightthinkhandwritingisnotimportantanymorebecauseofcomputersandvoicerecognitionprograms.

ButSteveGrahamatVanderbiltsayswordprocessingisrarelydoneinelementaryschool,especiallyintheearlyyears.Americanchildrentraditionallyfirstlearntoprint,andthentowriteincursive,whichconnectstheletters.ButguesswhatwelearnedfromaspokeswomanfortheCollegeBoard,whichadministerstheSATcollegeadmissiontest.Morethan75percentofstudentschoosetoprinttheiressayonthetestratherthanwriteincursive.

[语篇解读]　文章介绍了在键盘普及的年代美国的书法教学情况。

1．Wecanlearn________fromParagraph1.

A.teachinghandwritingisabasicrequirementinteachingjob

B.mostteachersprefertoteachhandwriting

C.teachersspendlittletimeinteachinghandwriting

D.akeyboardhastakentheplaceofthehandwritingentirely

[解析]　推理判断题。

根据第一段中“90%ofteacherssaytheyarerequiredtoteachhandwriting”可知书法教学是基本的教学要求，A项为正确推论。

根据“Onestudypublishedthisyearfoundthataboutthreeoutofeveryfourteacherssaytheyarenotpreparedtoteachhandwriting”可知，很多老师不愿意教书法课，B项错误；根据第一段末句可知C项错误；根据全段判断，只是说键盘普及使一些人认为书法渐渐过时了，D项错误。

[答案]　A

2．WhichofthefollowingisWRONGfortraditionalhandwritingintheUSA?

A.Thestudentsaretaughtbypracticingalongperiod.

B.Thelettersarerepeatedmanytimes.

C.Handwritingincludestwoskills.

D.Towriteincursiveistaughtfirst.

[解析]　细节认定题。

根据第二段可知，传统的书法教学重复很多遍并且持续时间长，因此A、B两项内容正确。

根据第三段第一句可知C项内容正确；根据最后一段第二句可知D项内容错误。

[答案]　D

3．Theunderlinedword“legibility”inParagraph3means________.

A.easytoreadB.complex

C.unexpectedD.unreadable

[解析]　推测词义题。

根据下文“whichmeansformingtheletterssotheycanberead”可推测画线词的意思是“清楚，易读”。

[答案]　A

4．Thebesttitleforthepassageis________.

A.Howtoimprovehandwritinginschool

B.Rightorwrong:

thedeathofhandwriting

C.Handwritinginvolvestwoskills

D.Handwritinglessonsareonthewayout

[解析]　标题归纳题。

作者对美国书法教学的现状作了叙述，没有自己的主观评论，故选择B。

A项没有涉及，C项只是其中一部分内容，D项只是一部分人的观点。

[答案]　B

5．Theauthor’sattitudetowardswhetherstilltolearnhandwritinginschoolis________.

A.negativeB.objective

C.criticalD.optimistic

[解析]　态度判断题。

根据全文的叙述，作者只是将美国书法教学的现状和不同人的观点呈现出来，并没有发表自己的见解，因此作者持客观的态度。

[答案]　B

[长难句解读]　Onestudypublishedthisyearfoundthataboutthreeoutofeveryfourteacherssaytheyarenotpreparedtoteachhandwriting.今年公布的一项研究发现，大约每四个教师中就有三个说他们不准备教书法了。

publishedthisyear为过去分词短语作后置定语，found后面为宾语从句，其中又含有一个宾语从句theyarenotpreparedtoteachhandwriting。

Saturday,October7th,wasamarathonofsadtasksforAnnaPolitkovskaya.Twoweeksearlier,herfather,aretiredofficialinthedepartmentofforeignaffairs,haddiedofaheartattackasheemergedfromtheMoscowMetrowhileonhiswaytovisitPolitkovskaya’smother,RaisaMazepa,inthehospital.Shehadjustbeendiagnosed（诊断）withcancerandwastooweakeventoattendherhusband’sfuneral.“Yourfatherwillforgiveme,becauseheknowsthatIhavealwayslovedhim,”shetoldAnnaandhersister,ElenaKudimova,thedayhewasburied.Aweeklater,shehadanoperationandsincethenAnnaandElenahadbeentakingturnshelpingherdealwithhergrief.

Politkovskayawassupposedtospendthedayatthehospital,buthertwenty-six-year-olddaughter,whowaspregnant,hadjustmovedintoPolitkovskaya’sapartment,onLesnayaStreet,whileherownplacewasbeingpreparedforthebaby.“Annahadsomuchonhermind,”ElenaKudimovatoldmewhenwemetinLondon,beforeChristmas.“Andshewastryingtofinishherarticle.”PolitkovskayawasaspecialreporterforthesmallnewspaperNovayaGazeta,and,likemostofherwork,thepiecefocusedontheterrorthatcanbeseenalloverthesouthernrepublicofChechnya.Thistime,shehadbeentryingtoreportrepeatedcruelactsdonebypeoplefaithfultothePrimeMinister,RamzanKadyrov,whoareinfavourofRussia.Inthepastsevenyears,Politkovskayahadwrittendozensofaccountsoflifeduringwartime;manyhadbeencollectedinherbook“ASmallCornerofHell:

reportsfromChechnya.”Politkovskayawasfarmorelikelytospendtimeinahospitalthanonabattlefield,andherwritingborefrequentwitnesstorobbery,andtheuncontrolledcrueltyoflifeinaplacethatfewotherRussians—andalmostnootherreporters—caredtothinkabout.

1.Politkovskaya’sfatherdiedof______.

A.tirednessB.aheartdiseaseC.anattackD.anaccident

【答案与解析】答案B。

从第2句中的“…haddiedofaheartattack…”可知B选项是正确答案。

C选项attack是“攻击”的意思，而文中出现的是heartattack，“心脏病”，因此C选项偷换了概念；其他选项与文中相关的表述不相干。

2.FromthetextweknowthatRaisaMazepa______.

A.didn’tloveherhusband

B.didn’tattendherhusband’sfuneral

C.washavinganoperationthedayherhusbandwasburied

D.wastoosadtoattendherhusband’sfuneral

【答案与解析】答案B。

从3、4、5三句可知B选项是正确选项，其他三个选项与文中的表述不一致。

3.Theunderlinedword“emerged”mostlikelymeans______.

A.cameoutB.wentintoC.disappearedD.leftfor

【答案与解析】答案A。

介词“from”表示动作的出处、来源，而后面的介词宾语是“theMoscowMetro”，可知“MoscowMetro”是“emerged”这一动作的起源地，因此，A选项符合原文的意思。

4.HowmanyfamilymembersofAnnaarementionedinthepassage?

A.Three.B.FourC.FiveD.Six

【答案与解析】4.答案C。

文中提到Politkovskaya姐妹俩，以及她的父母、女儿。

5.WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribePolitkovskaya’scharacter?

A.CuriousB.easy-goingC.carelessD.responsible

【答案与解析】答案D。

从“PolitkovskayawasaspecialreporterforthesmallnewspaperNovayaGazeta,…”一直到文章的结尾，作者简述了Politkovskaya敢于直面社会的不良现象的正值性格，而这是其他记者所不屑的，因此D选项是正确答案。

ASouthamptonUniversityteamfoundthatpeoplewhowerevegetariansby30hadrecordedfiveIQpointshigheronaverageattheageof10.ResearcherssaiditcouldexplainwhypeoplewithahigherIQwerehealthierasavegetariandietwaslinkedtolowerheartdiseaseandobesityrates.Thestudyof8,179peoplewasreportedintheBritishMedicalJournal.

TwentyyearsaftertheIQtestswerecarriedoutin1970,366oftheparticipantssaidtheywerevegetarians—althoughmorethan100reportedeatingeitherfishorchicken.

MenwhowerevegetarianshadanIQscoreof106,comparedwith101fornon-vegetarians;whilefemalevegetariansaveraged104,comparedwith99fornon-vegetarians.TherewasnodifferenceintheIQscores,betweenstrictvegetariansandthosewhosaidtheywerevegetariansbutreportedeatingfishorchicken.

Researcherssaidthefindingswerepartlyrelatedtobettereducationandhigherclass,butitremainedstatisticallysignificantafteradjustingforthesefactors.

Vegetariansweremorelikelytobefemale,tobeofhighersocialclassandtohavehigheracademicorvocationalqualificationsthannon-vegetarians.However,thesedifferenceswerenotreflectedintheirannualincome,whichwassimilartothatofnon-vegetarians.

LeadresearcherCatharineGalesaid,“Thefindingsthatchildrenwithgreaterintelligencearemorelikelytoreportbeingvegetariansasadults,togetherwiththeevidenceonthepotentialbenefitsofavegetariandietonhearthealth,mayhelptoexplainwhyahigherIQinchildhoodoradolescenceislinkedwithareducedriskofcoronaryheartdiseaseinadultlife.

ButDrFrankiePhillipsoftheBritishDieteticAssociationsaid，“It_is_like_the_chicken_and_egg.DopeoplebecomevegetariansbecausetheyhaveaveryhighIQorisitjustthattheyarecleverenoughtobemoreawareofhealthissues？

”

[语篇解读]　研究表明，素食和高智商有一定的关系。

1．What’stheresultoftheresearchmentionedinthetext?

A.Intelligentchildrenaremorelikelytobecomevegetarianslaterinlife.

B.ChildrenwithahigherIQarelesslikelytohaveheartdiseaselaterinlife.

C.Intelligentchildrentendtobelongtohighersocialclasslaterinlife.

D.ChildrenwithahealthierhearttendtohaveahigherIQlaterinlife.

[解析]　细节理解题。

根据第一段中的“peoplewhowerevegetariansby30hadrecordedfiveIQpointshigheronaverageattheageof10”可知A项正确。

根据“itcouldexplainwhy...”可知这一结果可帮助解释B项中的现象，但B项并非这次研究的结果。

故本题选A。

[答案]　A

2．Itwasfoundintheresearchthat________.

A.mostoftheparticipantsbecamevegetarians20yearsaftertheIQtestswerecarriedout

B.vegetarianswhoatefishorchickenwereofsimilarintelligencewithstrictvegetarians

C.femalevegetariansweremorelikelytohavehigherannualincomethannon-vegetarians

D.vegetariansweremorelikelytohavehigherannualincomethannon-vegetarians

[解析]　细节理解题。

根据第三段中的“TherewasnodifferenceintheIQscoresbetweenstrictvegetariansandthosewhosaidtheywereveget