四六级强化材料2.docx

四六级强化材料2.docx

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四六级强化材料2

ModelTest2

PartⅠWriting（30minutes）

　　Directions:

Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteacompositiononthetopicToCurbSpending.Youshouldwriteatleast150wordsaccordingtotheoutlinegivenbelowinChinese.

　　1.现在许多大学生普遍花钱大手大脚，消费水平高

　　2.有人认为社会整体生活水平提高了，大学生花钱多一些无可厚非

　　3.你的看法

PartⅡReadingComprehension（SkimmingandScanning）

Directions:

Inthispart,youwillhave15minutestogooverthepassagequicklyandanswerthequestionsonAnswerSheet1.Forquestions1-7,choosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA）,B）,C）andD）.Forquestions8-10,completethesentenceswiththeinformationgiveninthepassage.

Freud’sStudyon“HumanMind”

　　Mostpeopleoftendreamatnight.Whentheywakeinthemorningtheysaytothemselves,“WhatastrangedreamIhad!

Iwonderwhatmademedreamthat.”Sometimesdreamsarefrightening.Sometimes,indreams,wishescometrue.Atothertimeswearetroubledbystrangedreamsinwhichtheworldseemstohavebeenturnedupside-downandnothingmakessense.

　　Indreamswedothingswhichwewouldneverdowhenwe'reawake.Wethinkandsaythingswewouldneverthinkandsay.Whyaredreamssostrangeandunfamiliar?

Wheredodreamscomefrom?

　　NoonehasproducedamoresatisfyinganswerthanamancalledSigmundFreud.Hesaidthatdreamscomefromapartofone'smindwhichonecanneitherrecognizenorcontrol.Henamedthisthe“unconsciousmind”.

　　SigmundFreudwasbornaboutahundredyearsago.HelivedmostofhislifeinVienna,Austria,butendedhisdaysinLondon,soonafterthebeginningoftheSecondWorldWar.ThenewworldsFreudexploredwereinsidemanhimself.Fortheunconsciousmindislikeadeepwell,fullofmemoriesandfeelings.Thesememoriesandfeelingshavebeenstoredtherefromthemomentofourbirth.Ourconsciousmindhasforgottenthem.Wedonotsuspectthattheyarethereuntilsomeunhappyorunusualexperiencecausesustoremember,ortodreamdreams.Thensuddenlyweseethesamethingandfeelthesamewaywefeltwhenwewerelittlechildren.

　　ThisdiscoveryofFreud'sisveryimportantifwewishtounderstandwhypeopleactastheydo.Fortheunconsciousforcesinsideusareatleastaspowerfulastheconsciousforcesweknowabout.Sometimeswedothingswithoutknowingwhy.Ifwedon't,thereasonsmayliedeepinourunconsciousminds.

　　WhenFreudwasachildhecaredaboutthesufferingsofothers,soitisn'tsurprisingthathebecameadoctorwhenhegrewup.Helearnedallaboutthewayinwhichthehumanbodyworks.Buthebecamemoreandmorecuriousaboutthehumanmind.HewenttoParistostudywithafamousFrenchdoctor,Charcot.Atthattimeitseemedthatnooneknewverymuchaboutthemind.Ifapersonwentmad,or“outofhismind”,therewasnotmuchthatcouldbedoneaboutit.Peopledidn'tunderstandatallwhatwashappeningtothemadman.Hadhebeenpossessedbyadevilorevilspirit?

WasGodpunishinghimforwrong-doing?

Oftensuchpeoplewereshutawayfromtheordinarypeopleasiftheyhaddonesometerriblecrime.

　　Thisisstilltruetodayinmanyplaces.Doctorsprefertoexperimentonthosepartsofamanwhichtheycanseeandexamine.Ifyoucutaman'sheadopenyoucanseehisbrain.Butyoucan'tseehisthoughtsorideasordreams.

　　InFreud'sdayfewdoctorswereinterestedinthesesubjects.Freudwantedtoknowhowourmindswork.HelearnedalotfromCharcot.HereturnedtoViennain1886andbeganworkasadoctorinnervediseases.Hegotmarriedandbegantoreceivemoreandmorepatientsathome.Mostofthepatientswhocametoseehimwerewomen.Theywereover-excitedandanxious,sickinmindratherthaninbody.Medicinedidnothelpthem.Freudwasfullofsympathybuthecoulddolittletomakethembetter.

　　Thenonedayafriend,DrJosefBreuer,cametoseehim.HetoldFreudaboutagirlhewaslookingafter.Thegirlseemedtogetbetterwhenshewasallowedtotalkaboutherself.ShetoldDrBreuereverythingthatcameintohermind.Andeachtimeshetalkedtohimsherememberedmoreaboutherlifeasalittlechild.Freudwasexcitedwhenheheardthis.Hebegantotrytocurehispatientsinthesameway.Heaskedabouttheeventsoftheirearlychildhood.Heurgedthemtotalkabouttheirownexperiencesandrelationships.Hehimselfsaidverylittle.Often,ashelistened,hispatientsrelivedmomentsfromtheirpastlife.Theytrembledwithangerandfear,hateandlove.TheyactedasthoughFreudwastheirfatherormotherorlover.Thedoctordidnotmakeanyattempttostopthem.Hequietlyacceptedwhatevertheytoldhim,thegoodthingsandthebad.Alsooneyoungwomanwhocametohimcouldn'tdrinkanything,althoughshewasverythirsty.Somethingpreventedherfromdrinking.Freuddiscoveredthereasonforthis.Oneday,astheyweretalking,thegirlrememberedhavingseenadogdrinkfromhernurse'sglass.Shehadn'ttoldthenurse,whomshedisliked.Shehadforgottenthewholeexperience.Butsuddenlythischildhoodmemoryreturnedtomind.WhenshehadtolditalltoDrFreud—thenurse,thedog,theglassofwater—thegirlwasabletodrinkagain.

　　Freudcalledthistreatmentthe‘talkingcure’.Lateritwascalledpsychoanalysis.Whenpatientstalkedfreelyaboutthethingsthatweretroublingthemtheyoftenfeltbetter.

　　ThethingsthatpatientstoldhimsometimesgaveFreudashock.Hediscoveredthatthefeelingsofveryyoungchildrenarenotsodifferentfromthoseoftheirparents.Asmallboymaylovehismothersomuchthathewantstokillhisfather.Atthesametimeheloveshisfatherandisdeeplyashamedofthiswish.Itisdifficulttolivewithsuchmixedfeelings,sotheyfadeawayintotheunconsciousmindandonlyreturnintroubleddreams.Itwashardtobelievethatpeoplecouldbecomeblind,orlosethepowerofspeech,becauseofwhathadhappenedtothemwhentheywerechildren.

Freudwasattackedfromallsidesforwhathediscovered.Buthealsofoundfirmfriends.Manypeoplebelievedthathehadatlastfoundawaytounlockthesecretsofthehumanmind,andtohelppeoplewhowereverymiserable.Hehadfoundtheanswertomanyoflife'sgreatquestions.Hebecamefamousallovertheworldandtaughtotherstousethetalkingcure.Hisinfluenceonmodernart,literatureandsciencecannotbemeasured.Peoplewhowrotebooksandplays,peoplewhopaintedpicturesandpeoplewhoworkedinschools,hospitalsandprisonsalllearnedsomethingfromthegreatmanwhodiscoveredawayintotheunconsciousmind.NotallofFreud'sideasareacceptedtoday.Butothershavefollowedwhereheledandhavehelpedustounderstandourselvesbetter.Becauseofhim,andthem,thereismorehopetodaythantherehaseverbeenbeforeforpeoplewhowereoncejustcalled“crazy”.

1.Sofar,Freudistheonlyonewhocan______________.

　　A）studyhuman’sthoughts,ideasanddreams

　　B）provideusthemostsatisfyingreplytowheredreamscomefrom

　　C）tellusthereasonwhywewilldreamatnight

　　D）offerussomehelpinmentalproblems

2.Freud_____________________.

　　A）spentmostofhislifeinViennaaswellasLondon

　　B）endedhislifeafterWorldWarII

　　C）spendmostofhislifeinVienna,Austria

　　D）passedawayinAustriabeforetheWorldWarⅡ

3.WhenFreudwasagrown-up,___________________.

　　A）hewasmoreinterestedinhumanmindthanthewaythehumanbodyworks

　　B）hefocusedhisstudyonthehumanmindinsteadofhumanbody

　　C）heshiftedhisattentiontothestudyofpsychology

　　D）hewasmostinterestedinthestudyofhowhumanbodyworks

4.InFreud’sday,_________________.

　　A）anumberofdoctorsconcentratedonthehuman’sdreams

　　B）alotofstudentsadmiredFreud’sstudyverymuch

　　C）nodoctorwouldliketoworkwithFreudtogether

　　D）nodoctorswereinterestedinhuman’sideas,thoughtsordreams

5.Accordingtothepassage,DrJosefBreuer________________.

　　A）gaveFreudsomehelpinFreud’sstudy

　　B）wasoneoftheworkmatesofFreud

　　C）wasadoctorwhospecializedinthestudyofhumanbody

　　D）offeredsomeadviceinFreud’sstudy

6.Accordingtothepassage,psychoanalysiswasaprocess________________.

　　A）inwhichpatientswouldnotparticipate

　　B）inwhichpatientsmustsaysomethinggreattheyencounteredbefore

　　C）inwhichpatientscoulddowhattheyliketodo

　　D）inwhichpatientscouldspeakouthisbadfortunefreelyinordertomakethemselvesreassured

7.Freudfoundwithashockthat________________.

　　A）youngchildrenandtheirparentscouldn’tstaytogetherforalongtime

　　B）youngchildrenwerealwaysobedienttotheirparents

　　C）youngchildrenwerenotsodifferentfromtheirparentsinfeelings

　　D）youngchildrenandhisparentsdifferedlargelyinfeelings

8.AlthoughmuchattackpointedtoFreud,itwasalsothoughtbymanypeoplethatFreudhadawaytouncoverthesecretsof__________andtohelpmiserablepeople.

9.Accordingtothepassage,itishardlytomeasureFreud’sinfluenceonmodernart,____________.

10.Accordingtothepassage,atpresentFreud’sstudybringsalotofhopetopeopleoncecalled“______.”

PartⅢListeningComprehension（35minutes）

SectionA

Directions:

Inthissectionyouwillhear10shortconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Boththeconversationandthequestionwillbespokenonlyonce.Aftereachquestiontherewillbeapause.Duringthepause,youmustreadthefoursuggestedanswersmarkedA），B），C）,andD）anddecidewhichisthebestanswer.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheetwithasinglelinethroughthecentre.

Example:

Youwithnear:

Youwillread:

A）2hours.

B）3hours.

C）4hours.

D）5hours.