英语阅读理解真题.docx

英语阅读理解真题.docx

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英语阅读理解真题

英语阅读理解真题

　　阅读真题解析

　　Questions11~15

　　Intheinformationtechnologyindustry,itiswidelyacknowledgedthathowwellITdepartmentsofthefuturecanfulfiltheirbusinessgoalswilldependnotontheregularupdatingoftechnology,whichisessentialforthemtodo,butonhowwelltheycanholdontothepeopleskilledatmanipulatingthenewesttechnology.Thisisbeingmoredifficult.BestestimatesofthecurrentshortfallinITstaffintheUKarebetween30,000and50,000,andgrowing.

　　Andthereisnoendtotheprobleminsight.Asevereindustry-widelackofinvestmentintrainingmeansthelong-termskillsbaseisbothageingandshrinking.Employersarechasingexperiencedstaffinever-decreasingcircles,and,aordingtoarecentgovernmentreport,250,000newITjobswillbecreatedoverthenextdecade.

　　Mostemployersareconfiningthemselvestodealingwiththeimmediateproblems.Thereislittleevidence,forexample,thattheyaresteppinguptheirintakeofrawrecruitsforin-housetraining,orretrainingexistingstafffromotherfunctions.ThisisthecourseofactionremendedbytheComputerSoftwareServicesAssociation,butresearchshowsitsmembersareadoptingtheshort-termmeasureofbringinginmoreandmoreconsultantsonacontractbasis.

　　WithITprofessionalsincreasinglyattractedtothefinancialrewardsandflexibilityofconsultancywork,averagestaffturnoverratesareestimatedtobearound15%.WhilemanypaniesinthefinancialservicessectoraremanagingtocontaintheirlossesbyofferingskilledITstaff"goldenhandcuffs"—deferredloyaltybonusesthattietheminuntilacertaindate—otherorganisations,likelocalgovernments,areunabletomatchthepetitivesalariesandperksonofferintheprivatesectorandcontractormarket,andaresufferingturnoverratesofupto60%ayear.

　　Butwhileloyaltybonuseshavegrabbedtheheadlines,thereareothermeansofholdingontostaff.SomepaniesaredoingadditionalITpayreviewsintheyearandpayingmarketpremiums.Butsuchmeasurescancreateseriousemployeerelationsproblemsamongthoseexcluded,bothwithinandoutsideITdepartments.Manyindustryexpertsadviseemployerstolinkbonusestoperformancewhereverpossible.However,employersarerealisingthatbonuseswillonlysueediftheyareaompaniedbyotherincentivessuchasattractivecareerprospects,training,andchallengingworkthatmeetstheindividual'slong-termambitions.

　　11.Aordingtothepassage,thesuessofITdepartmentswilldependon.

　　（A）theirsuessatretrainingtheirskilledstaff

　　（B）theextenttowhichtheyinvestinnewtechnology

　　（C）theirattemptstorecruitstaffwiththenecessaryskills

　　（D）theabilityofemployeestokeepupwiththelatestdevelopments

　　12.Theproblemreferredtointhesecondparagraphisthat.

　　（A）thegovernmentneedstocreatethousandsofnewITposts

　　（B）thepoolofskilledITpeoplewillgetevensmallerinthefuture

　　（C）panybudgetsforITtraininghavebeendecreasingsteadily

　　（D）olderITprofessionalshavenoadequatetraining

　　13.Whatisthepossiblesolutiontothelong-termproblemsintheITindustry?

　　（A）Tooffertopratestoattractthebestspecialistconsultants.

　　（B）Toexpandpanytrainingprogramsfornewandoldemployees.

　　（C）Toconductmoreresearchintothereasonsforstaffleaving.

　　（D）Toensurethatpermanentstaffearnthesameascontractstaff.

　　14.Insomebusinessesinthefinancialservicessector,theITstaffingproblemhasledto.

　　（A）additionalbenefitsforskilledstaffafteraspecifiedperiodoftime

　　（B）moreemployeesseekingalternativeemploymentinthepublicsector

　　（C）thelossofcustomerstorivalorganizations

　　（D）moreflexibleconditionsofworkfortheirstaff

　　15.EmployersaeptthatITprofessionalsaremorelikelytostayintheirpresentpostifthey.

　　（A）aresetmorerealisticperformancetargets

　　（B）haveagoodworkingrelationshipwithstaffinotherdepartments

　　（C）areprovidedwithopportunitiesforprofessionaldevelopment

　　（D）receivearemunerationpackageattopmarketrates

　　本文难度稍大，需要考生快速定位，并且需要考生对原文信息作合理推断。

解析如下：

　　11.此题定位于第一段。

段落分析如下：

　　Intheinformationtechnologyindustry,itiswidelyacknowledgedthathowwellITdepartmentsofthefuturecanfulfiltheirbusinessgoalswilldependnotontheregularupdatingoftechnology,whichisessentialforthemtodo,butonhowwelltheycanholdontothepeopleskilledatmanipulatingthenewesttechnology.Thisisbeingmoredifficult.BestestimatesofthecurrentshortfallinITstaffintheUKarebetween30,000and50,000,andgrowing.

　　本段中除黑体字外均为铺垫或例证局部。

选项中（C）theirattemptstorecruitstaffwiththenecessaryskills有一定迷惑性，为对原文定位的不当阐释。

　　12.此题为细节题中的段意总结题。

正确答案为B。

段落分析如下：

　　Andthereisnoendtotheprobleminsight.Asevereindustry-widelackofinvestmentintrainingmeansthelong-termskillsbaseisbothageingandshrinking.Employersarechasingexperiencedstaffinever-decreasingcircles,and,aordingtoarecentgovernmentreport,250,000newITjobswillbecreatedoverthenextdecade.

　　黑体字局部为段落主旨。

详细指明了IT行业的人才短缺问题的详细表现是：

ageing（老化）和shrinking（骤减）。

选项（B）thepoolofskilledITpeoplewillgetevensmallerinthefuture

　　将两方面问题很好的总结出来了：

首先，evensmaller表示可选范围已经很小，将来随着人才年龄老化，选择雇员的范围会更小；其次，skilledITpeople也说明本行业对人才要求较高。

符合段意。

其他三个选项那么都是对原文的过度阐释。

如（A）thegovernmentneedstocreatethousandsofnewITposts。

这只能算是政府局部有可能为该现象提供的一个solution,而且文中并未提到，更重要的是，该选项与题意不符。

再如（C）panybudgetsforITtraininghavebeendecreasingsteadily出现了budget的概念，该段并未提到。

（D）olderITprofessionalshavenoadequatetraining那么完全是错误阐释。

　　13.此题难度较大，考生失分率相当高。

正确答案为B。

此题有两种解法：

　　l首先可在第三段中找到Mostemployersareconfiningthemselvestodealingwiththeimmediateproblems.Thereislittleevidence,forexample,thattheyaresteppinguptheirintakeofrawrecruitsforin-housetraining,orretrainingexistingstafffromotherfunctions.ThisisthecourseofactionremendedbytheComputerSoftwareServicesAssociation,butresearchshowsitsmembersareadoptingtheshort-termmeasureofbringinginmoreandmoreconsultantsonacontractbasis.

　　从上文可以看出，黑体划线局部的rawrecruitsforinhousetraining就是训练新员工，retrainingexistingstafffromotherfunctions意为对oldemployees进展培训。

解题时因为无法利用题干中的long-term直接定位，所以考生应该快速找到本段结尾的short-term,并且通过转折词but确定该处存在一处比照，那么前面的局部即是某研究部门推荐的long-term的解决方案了。

　　l另外，该题还可以用排除法来解。

这种方法比拟费时，但是更加准确。

如果考生实在无法确定定位，可以尝试定位其他选项，并将其排除掉。

A选项主要考点为rate一词的多种含义。

除了为一般考生所熟知的“比率”这个含义之外，rate还可以表示“费用或价格的量度”，可以找到定位为：

　　WhilemanypaniesinthefinancialservicessectoraremanagingtocontaintheirlossesbyofferingskilledITstaff"goldenhandcuffs"—deferredloyaltybonusesthattietheminuntilacertaindate—otherorganisations,likelocalgovernments,areunabletomatchthepetitivesalariesandperksonofferintheprivatesectorandcontractormarket,andaresufferingturnoverratesofupto60%ayear.

　　在本段中，黑体字所标局部继续深入说明很多企业无法留住人才的原因，其中包含了一组隐形的比照构造。

请大家注意其中other一词的用法。

其他机构（如政府部门等publicsectors）无法做到提供有竞争力的工资，这就意味着有些privatesectors是可以做到这一点的，而事实上它们（privatesectors）也确实是用这种高工资的方式来留住人才的。

但是，只要对于某些部门来说执行有困难，又不能提出排除困难的方案，就不能作为正确答案了。

至于C,D两个选项，排除难度比拟小，C选项是对原文butresearchshowsitsmembersareadoptingtheshort-termmeasureofbringinginmoreandmoreconsultantsonacontractbasis.的误解，而D选项那么与该句意思相反。

　　14．该题的定位仍然是第四段。

答案为A。

首先考生应该根据financialservicessector进展定位。

确定查找范围后比照选项和原文的词句，会发现loyaltybonuses即是additionalbenefits;untilacertaindate即是afteraspecifiedperiodoftime。

所以可以直接定位为A选项。

其他选项均为对题干的错误定位或对原文的错误理解。

　　15.该题定位为全文最后一句转折关系句子However,employersarerealisingthatbonuseswillonlysueediftheyareaompaniedbyotherincentivessuchasattractivecareerprospects,training,andchallengingworkthatmeetstheindividual'slong-termambitions.答案为C。

　　Questions16~20

　　DeclanMayes,PresidentoftheMusicBuyersAssociation,isfuriousatarecentannouncementbytherecordingindustryregardingpeopledownloadingMP3musicfilesfromtheInterasactualcriminals.

　　Afewparallelsmaybeinstructive.Ifsomeonecopiesanaudiomusiccassettefortheirownprivateuse,theyare,strictlyspeaking,breakingthelaw.Butrecordingpanieshaveusuallyturnedablindeyetothispracticebecauseprosecutingthefewpeopleinvolvedwouldbedifficult,andthefinanciallosstothepanyitselfisnotconsideredsignificant.NowtheMusicRecordingAssociationhasannouncedthatitregardsindividualsdownloadingmusicfromtheInteraspirates,claimingthattheydamagetheindustryinjustthesameway."Theindustryispletelyoverreacting;it'llbealaughingstock,"saysMayes."They'regoingtoarrestsometeenagerdownloadingfilesinhisbedroom—andsuehimforthousandsofdollars!

Thisisn'tgoingtofrightenanyoneintobuyingCDs".

　　Mayesmayhaveapoint.ThereisageneralconsensusthatCDpiratesshouldbesubjectedtothefullwrathofthelaw,butfewwouldseeanindividualdownloadingmusicforhisorherownpleasureinthesamelight.However,downloadingmusicfilesillegallyisnotasinnocuousasmakingprivatecopiesofaudiocassettes.Thescratchy,distortedcassettecopyisapoorversionoftheoriginalrecording,whereasanMP3fileisofhighqualityandcanbestored—onaCD,forexample.Itisthisthatmakesthepracticeapowerfultemptationformusicfans,giventhehighcostofCDs.

　　WhatdoesMayesthinkaboutclaimsthatmusicpaniescouldbeforcedoutofbusinessbypeopledownloadingmusicillegally?

That'snonsense.Musicpaniesarealwayswhiningabouthighcosts,butthatdoesn'tpreventthemfromrecordinghundredsofCDsbypletelyunknownartists,manyofwhomare"packaged"bymarketingdepartmentstoappealtoyoungconsumers.Thepaniesaresimplyhopingthatoneofthesenewbandsorsig