版高考英语人教版新探究大一轮复习练习必修4 Unit 5 课后达标检测 含答案解析.docx

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版高考英语人教版新探究大一轮复习练习必修4Unit5课后达标检测含答案解析

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A

（2019·惠州高三第一次调研考试）Travelcanbefun,butwhenyouhavetomovewithadisability,gettingfrompointAtopointBcanbecomefrustrating．Airlinesknowthisanddotheirparttomakeairtravelascomfortableastheycanforeverypassenger.

Herearesometipsandinformationonwhatmajorairlinesdofortravelerswhoneedextrasupportwhenflying.

United

WhenflyingwithUnited,calltheairline’sdisabilitydesk（18002282744）48hoursinadvanceoftravelifyou’llbetravelingwithanassistivedevicesotheycanensureyourdevicecanbeusedinflight．Anyspecialneedsyouhaveshouldbementionedwhenyoumakeyourreservationsotheairlinestaffcandotheirbesttohelpyou．Thisincludestheneedforassistanceingettingtoyourgate,boarding,gettingtoyourseat,deplaningorconnecting.

Delta

Dependingonthetypeandageoftheaircraft,accessiblefeaturesofDelta’saircraftincludemovablearmrestsofseats,wheelchairspace,onboardwheelchairsand,onlargerairplanes,wheelchairaccessiblewashrooms.Dependingontheaircraft,theyalsoprovideseatswithamovableaislearmrestforpassengersneedingtotransferfromaboardingwheelchairtotheirownseatmoreeasily.

USAirways

WhentravelingwithUSAirways,ifyouhaveamobilitydisabilityandneedspecialseating,call8004284322atleast24hoursbeforeyourscheduleddeparturetoensureyourneedsaremet.Besidesseatswithmovablearmrests,theairlinealsoprovidesseatswithmorelegroomforpassengerswithanimmobilizedleg.Theairlinecanalsoprovideanonboardwheelchairbutletthemknow48hoursinadvanceifyouneedone.

Southwest

Ifyou’reflyingwithSouthwestandyouneedawheelchairattheairport,orneedotherspecialassistance,it’sbesttoinformtheairlineinadvance,orassoonasyouarriveattheairportsoyourrequestscanbefulfilledasquicklyaspossible.Oneachaircraft,asmallwheelchairthatcanfitdowntheaircraftaisleisavailableateverygateandcanbeusedifyouneedhelpforgettingintoyourseat.

【解题导语】　本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了几家给行动不便的旅客提供额外服务的航空公司。

1．Whoisthispassageintendedfor?

A．Thosewhohaveadisability.

B．Travelerswhohavedifficultyinmoving.

C．Travelerswhobecomesickontheplane.

D．Travelerswhoarepoorinhealth.

B　解析：

写作意图题。

通读全篇及文中多次出现的关键词“wheelchair”“assistance”等来看，这篇文章介绍的是几家给行动不便的旅客提供额外服务的航空公司，因此它的目标读者是行动不便的旅客。

故选B项。

2．Whichairlinecouldbethebestchoiceforsomeonewithalegthatcan’tbend?

A．United．B．Delta.

C．USAirways.D．Southwest.

C　解析：

细节理解题。

根据USAirways部分中的“Besidesseatswithmovablearmrests,theairlinealsoprovidesseatswithmorelegroomforpassengerswithanimmobilizedleg．”可知，USAirways有加大空间的座位提供给腿动不了的旅客，与题干中的“withalegthatcan’tbend”相吻合，而其他航空公司的服务内容里没有提到这一条。

故选C项。

3．Youaremostlikelytofindthispassage________.

A．ontheInternetB．attheairport

C．ontheplaneD．inthenewspaper

A　解析：

文章出处题。

通读全文并结合常识可推断，文章信息是乘客在决定买哪家航空公司的机票前会阅读的材料，不可能到了飞机场或在飞机上阅读，故排除B、C两项；且此类信息需要长期登出，报纸也不适合，故排除D项；因此选择A项，在网上可以查找到。

B

（2019·兰州实战考试）Markisalwaysengagedinhiswork．Butthistimehefeltthatitwastimeforhimtotakepartinhiscommunity，sohewenttotheneighbourhoodmeetingafterwork．Theareacitycouncilwomanwasleadingadiscussionabouthowthequalityoflifewasonthedecline．Theneighbourhoodfacedmanyproblems．Marklookedatthechartstapedtothewalls．Therewerechartsforparkingproblems，crime，andforproblemsinemptybuildings．Markreadfromthecharts，“Policepatrolscutback，illegalparkingup20%”．Peopleweresupposedtosuggestsolutionstothecouncilwoman．ItwastoomuchforMark．“Theproblemsaretoobig，”hethought．Heturnedtothemannexttohimandsaid，“Ithinkthisisawasteofmytime．NothingIcandowouldmakeadifferencehere．”

Ashenearedthebusstoponhiswayhome，Marksawawomancarryingagrocerybag，andababy．AsMarkgotcloser，theotherchildofher，alittleboy，suddenlyranintothestreet．Thewomantriedtoreachforhim，butasshemoved，herbagshifted，andgroceriesstartedtofallout．Markrantotaketheboy’sarmandledhimbacktohismother．“Yougottastaywithyourmom，”hesaid．Thenhepickedupthestraygroceriesandthewomansmiledinrelief．“Thanks，”shesaid,“you’vegotgreattiming．”“Justbeingneighbourly，”Marksaid．Asherodehome，heglancedatthewallsofthebus．Ononeofthemwas“Smallactsofkindnessaddup”．Marksmiledandthought，“Maybethat’sagoodplacetostart．”

【解题导语】　本文是一篇记叙文。

文章主要叙述了Mark去参加社区会议时，发现社区里存在很多问题，但他觉得自己对解决这些问题起不了多大作用。

在回家的路上，他帮助了一个妇人，这件事情让他改变了自己的态度。

4．WhatwasbeingdiscussedwhenMarkarrivedattheneighbourhoodmeeting?

A．Thehighpriceofgroceries.

B．Theeducationproblemofchildren.

C．Theworseningofthequalityoflife.

D．Thehousingconditionsinthecommunity.

C　解析：

细节理解题。

根据第一段中的“leadingadiscussionabouthowthequalityoflifewasonthedecline”可知，他们正在讨论生活质量是如何下降的问题。

特别是下文的一些细节也在暗示着生活质量在变差，如“Theneighbourhoodfacedmanyproblems．”“forparkingproblems，crime,andforproblemsinemptybuildings”“Theproblemsaretoobig”等都说明了这个问题。

故答案为C。

5．What’sMark’sopinionaboutthecommunityproblemsaccordingtothefirstparagraph?

A．Peoplecouldsolvetheproblemsbythemselves.

B．Hedidn’thavetheabilitytosolvesuchproblems.

C．Hedidn’thaveenoughtimetosolvetheproblems.

D．Peopleweretooselfishtohelpotherssolvetheproblems.

B　解析：

推理判断题。

根据第一段中的“Ithinkthisisawasteofmytime．NothingIcandowouldmakeadifferencehere．”可知，Mark认为讨论这件事情是浪费时间的，同时他觉得在这里他不能做什么产生影响的事情，这也就意味着Mark认为他没有能力解决这些问题。

故答案为B。

6．Whatdoestheunderlinedsentence“Smallactsofkindnessaddup”meaninthelastparagraph?

A．Allsmallactswilladdtokindness.

B．Everyoneshouldtryhisbesttodogooddeeds.

C．Allsmallkindactscanmakepeoplegrowupquickly.

D．Everyonecanplayhisownparttomakethingsbetter.

D　解析：

句意理解题。

根据上文内容可知，Mark帮助了一位妇人，这个小小的友善的行为得到了对方的感谢。

Mark觉得这是一个好的开始，每个人都能做好自己的部分使生活变得更好。

故答案为D。

7．Whatcanwelearnfromthispassage?

A．Markalwaysplayedanactivepartincommunityactivities.

B．Visualaidswereusedtodisplaytheseriousnessofproblems.

C．Manypeoplewerediscouragedbytheproblemsfacedbythem.

D．Thecitycouncilwomanwasresponsibleforthefallingoflifequality.

B　解析：

推理判断题。

根据第一段中的“Marklookedatthechartstapedtothewalls．”以及第二段中的“Asherodehome，heglancedatthewallsofthebus．”可知，视觉上的辅助工具能被用来显示一些问题的严重性。

故答案为B。

C

（2019·成都第一次诊断）Foodblogs,celebrities,andnutritionistsalladvocatethebenefitsofeatingorganic（有机的）fruitsandvegetables.ButanewstudypublishedinScienceAdvancespaintsamorecomplexpicture.Whileorganicproduceislikelyslightlyhealthiertoeatand,insomeways,moresustainabletogrow,therearealsodownsides.

Organicfruitsandvegetablestypicallycostmorethanconventionalones.Togetacertificateasorganic,farmersmustmeetspecificcriteria,includinggrowingproducewithouttheuseofgeneticengineeringandchemicalinputs.Withoutthesemethods,thegrowingprocesstypicallyrequiresmorelabor,time,andmoney,acostthatispasseddowntoconsumers.

It’struethatinmanyways,organicfarmingismoresustainablethanconventionalfarming.Butwhenitcomestoenvironmentalconcernssuchasgreenhousegasoutputandwaterloss,thecomparisongetscomplex.Organicfarmsproducelessgreenhousegasoutputperacre.However,becausetheyarebarredfromusinggeneticengineering,pesticides（杀虫剂）,andothermethodsthatincreaseefficiency（效率）,organicfarmsalsoproduceanestimated19%to25%lessyieldthanconventionalfarms.Whilethereisn’tawholelotofresearchonthetopic,thefewstudiesthatdoexistsuggestgreenhousegasoutputandwaterlossmightactuallybehigheronorganicfarms,onaperunitbasis,saysstudyauthorVerenaSeufert.

Inaddition,whileorganicproduceislikelymorenutritiousthanconventionalfruitsandvegetables,there’snotalotofevidencetosupporttheclaimthattheseoftenslightdifferencesinfluenceconsumerhealth.Thesameistrueforthepesticideremainder.Indevelopedcountries,wherepesticideuseistightlyregulated,there’snoscientificconsensusonhowtheseoftenslightdifferencesinfluencehumanhealth.

Still,Seufertstressesthatifyoucanaffordtoeatorganicproduce,youshoulddoso.Organicfarmsprovidesaferworkenvironmentsforworkers,plustheysupportgreatbiodiversity.Therealtakeawayfromherstudyisnotthatorganicproduceisbadbutthatthepracticeneedsmorestudiestoincreasetheyieldwithoutloweringsustainability.

Butifyoucan’taffordtobuyorganicproduce,don’tstresstoomuch,particularlyfromanutritionalperspective.

【解题导语】　本文是一篇议论文，主要介绍了有机农产品的一些情况，体现了学科核心素养中的“环保意识、健康饮食意识”的文化品格。

8．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“downsides”inParagraph1mostprobablymean?

A．Dangers.B．Drawbacks.

C．Benefits.D．Differences.

B　解析：

词义猜测题。

根据第一段最后一句“Whileorganicproduceislikelyslightlyhealthiertoeatand,insomeways,moresustainabletogrow,therearealsodownsides．”可知，虽然有机农产品可能稍微健康些，但在某些方面，也有其缺点。

再结合语境和下文陈述的有机农产品的缺点可以判断，画线词应指有机农产品不好的一面，B项意为“缺点”，故B项正确。

9．Whichkeyfactormakesithardtocompareorganicfarmingwithconventionalfarmingwhenitcomestoenvironmentalconcerns?

A．Theyield.B．Theprice.

C．Thewaterloss.D．Thelabor.

A　解析：

细节理解题。

根据题干关键词“hardtocompare”定位至第三段第二句“Butwhenitcomestoenvironmentalconcernssuchasgreenhousegasoutputandwaterloss,thecomparisongetscomplex．”，由此可知，当涉及诸如温室气体排放和水资源损失等环境问题时，比较传统农业和有机农业就困难了；且根据第三段其他内容可知，虽然有机农业与传统农业相比更可持续，但因为不能使用基因工程技术、杀虫剂及其他提高效率的方法，有机农业的产量相对低，故产量是使得两者之间的比较变得困难的重要因素。

A项意为“产量”，故A项正确。

10．Whichofthefollowingwilltheauthormostprobablyagreewith?

A．Farmers’workenvironmentshouldbeimproved.

B．Organicproduceshouldbemademore