备战高考英语易错题精选阅读理解练习题含答案解析.docx

备战高考英语易错题精选阅读理解练习题含答案解析.docx

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备战高考英语易错题精选阅读理解练习题含答案解析

一、高中英语阅读理解

1．阅读理解

   Empathy（同理心）isoneofthosestrangequalities—somethingalmosteveryonewants,butfewknowhowtotrulygiveorreceiveit.Inaworldwhereself-satisfactionisemphasized,itisinshortsupplybuthighdemand.Thisisallthemorereasontoteachthenextgenerationwhatitmeanstohaveempathyforthosearoundthem.

   WhatIsEmpathy?

—Manypeopleconfusesympathyandempathy,buttheyaretwodistinctvalues.Empathyisnotjusttheabilitytounderstandsomeone'sfeelings;criminalsoftentakeadvantageofpeoplebyappearingtounderstandtheirfeelingsandsubsequentlygainingtheirtrust.Empathyismorethanthat.Notonlyisittheabilitytorecognizehowsomeonefeels,butitalsovaluesandrespectsthefeelingsofanotherperson.Itmeanstreatingotherswithkindness,dignity,andunderstanding.

   KidsNeedToSeeAdultsShowEmpathy—Whilesomechildrenaregiftedwithnaturallykindhearts,inmostcaseskidsneedtoseeempathymodeledbytheadultsaroundthem.Itbeginswiththewayparentsrelatetotheirchildren.Parentswhoshowaninterestinthethingsthatmattertotheirkidsandrespondtoemotionsinapositiveandcaringwayareteachingtheskillofempathy.

   MeetEmotionalNeeds—Whenchildrenhavetheiremotionalneedsmet,twothingshappen.Theylearnhowtomeettheemotionalneedsofothersandtheyareanchoredinwhattheyarereceiving,meaningthattheyaresecureenoughtogivetootherswhentheneedarisesbutfirsttheyneedtoreceive.Anemptyjugcannotfillacup.

   It'sagoodideatotalktokidsaboutemotionsandhowotherpeopleexperiencethem.Givetheiremotionsnames（forexample,jealousy,anger,andlove）andteachthemthatthesearenormal.Talktothemabouthowtohandleemotionsinapositivewayandpointoutsituationswhereotherpeopleareexperiencingemotions.Teachthemaboutrespectingtheemotionsofothersandshowthemhowtoactinasituationwherearesponseisrequired.

（1）Whyisitthatthenextgenerationaretaughttohaveempathy?

A. Becausepeopletendtocenterthemselves.   

B. Becauseeveryonelacksempathy.

C. Becauseempathyisastrangequality.            

D. Becauseit'sbettertogivethantoreceive.

（2）Whichsituationcanempathybeusedin?

A.Whenamathematicianiscalculatingtheareaofafarmland.

B.Whenateacheriscomfortingastudentabouthisfailureinexams.

C.Whenacriminalischeatingavictim.

D.Whenadancerisdancingtomusic.

（3）Whatdoestheunderlinedsentence"Anemptyjugcannotfillacup"mean?

A.Anemptyjugistoosmalltoholdacup.

B.It'samusttotalktokidsaboutemotions.

C.Adultsshouldsetanexampletokids.

D.Kidsgiveempathywiththeiremotionalneedsmetfirst.

（4）Whatisthemaintopicofthepassage?

A.Howtotrainkidstohaveempathy.

B.Howtodistinguishsympathyandempathy.

C.Howtohelpkidsfinishempathy-relatedtasks.

D.Whetherkidscanbetrainedtobemoreempathetic.

【答案】

（1）A

（2）B

（3）D

（4）A

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，在一个强调自我满足的世界里，我们更有理由教导下一代，对周围的人抱有同理心意味着什么。

同时说明了同理心的含义，以及如何培养孩子的同理心。

（1）考查细节理解。

根据第一段中的”Inaworldwhereself-satisfactionisemphasized,itisinshortsupplybuthighdemand.Thisisallthemorereasontoteachthenextgenerationwhatitmeanstohaveempathyforthosearoundthem.“在一个强调自我满足的世界里，它供不应求。

因此，我们更有理由教导下一代，对周围的人抱有同理心意味着什么。

可知，下一代人被教导要有同理心，因为人们往往以自己为中心。

故选A。

（2）考查推理判断。

根据第三段中的”Whilesomechildrenaregiftedwithnaturallykindhearts,inmostcaseskidsneedtoseeempathymodeledbytheadultsaroundthem.“虽然有些孩子天生就有一颗善良的心，但在大多数情况下，孩子们需要看到他们周围成年人的同情心。

故选B。

（3）考查句义猜测。

根据第四段中的”MeetEmotionalNeeds—Whenchildrenhavetheiremotionalneedsmet,twothingshappen.Theylearnhowtomeettheemotionalneedsofothersandtheyareanchoredinwhattheyarereceiving,meaningthattheyaresecureenoughtogivetootherswhentheneedarisesbutfirsttheyneedtoreceive.“满足情感需求——当孩子们的情感需求得到满足时，会发生两件事。

他们学习如何满足他人的情感需求，他们被锚定在他们所接受的东西上，这意味着当需求出现时，他们有足够的安全感去给予他人，但首先他们需要接受。

可知，要想孩子们有同理心，必须首先满足他们自己的情感需求。

故选D。

（4）考查主旨大意。

根据第一段中的”Thisisallthemorereasontoteachthenextgenerationwhatitmeanstohaveempathyforthosearoundthem.“  因此，我们更有理由教导下一代，对周围的人抱有同理心意味着什么。

以及文章主要内容为如何教导孩子拥有同理心客栈，故选A。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断，句义猜测和主旨大意四个题型的考查，是一篇教育类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

2．阅读理解

   Dearyoungpoets,TIMEForKidshasachallengeforyou:

WritearhymingpoemandenteritintheTFKPoetryContest.Itmustbeapoemthatdoesnotcopyanotherpoet'sworks.

   Howtoenter:

Thiscontestwillbegin12pmonApril14,2019andwillend12pmonJune14,2019.Toenteronline,visitandfollowinstructionstosubmitthefollowing:

（a）anoriginalandpreviouslyunpublishedpoem;（b）theentrant'sfirstnameonlyande-mailaddress;（c）aparent'se-mailaddress.Limitoneentryperpersonore-mailaccount.

   Judging:

AllentrieswillbejudgedbypoetKennNesbitt,basedonthefollowingcriteria:

creativityandoriginality（50%）,useoflanguageandrhyme（25%）andappropriatenesstocontesttheme（25%）.Winnerswillbenotifiedbye-mailduringthemonthofJulyandmustrespondwithinfivedays.

   Eligibility（参赛资格）：

OpentolegalcitizensoftheUnitedStateswhoareprimaryschoolstudentsandare8to13yearsoldattimeofentry.

   Prizes:

Ourjudgewillselectfoursemifinalists,fromwhomonegrand-prizewinnerandthreefinalistswillbechosen.Theonegrand-prizewinnerwillreceiveanonlineclassvisitfromKennNesbitt.AllthesemifinalistswillreceiveasignedcopyofBigfootIsMissing,whichisworthabout$275.Thesemifinalists'poemswillbepublishedat.

（1）HowlongwillthePoetryContestlast?

A. Onemonth.                 

B. Twomonths.                 

C. Threemonths.                 

D. Fourmonths.

（2）WhatdoesthePoetryContestvaluemost?

A.Whetherthepoemisnovel.

B.Whetherthepoemishumorous.

C.Whetherthepoemiswritteninrhyme

D.Whetherthepoemissuitableforthecontesttheme.

（3）Whatcanthefinalistsget?

A.A$275bonus.

B.Anonlineclassvisit.

C.Thepositionofassistanteditor.

D.AsignedcopyofBigfootIsMissing.

【答案】

（1）B

（2）A

（3）D

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了一项由TIMEForKids举办的诗歌比赛：

如何参赛，如何评判，参赛者资格，如何评选获奖等相关信息。

（1）考查细节理解。

根据第二段中的“Thiscontestwillbegin12pmonApril14,2019andwillend12pmonJune14,2019.”本次比赛将于2019年4月14日下午12点开始，2019年6月14日下午12点结束。

可知，此次比赛历时2个月。

故选B。

（2）考查细节理解。

根据第三段中的“AllentrieswillbejudgedbypoetKennNesbitt,basedonthefollowingcriteria:

creativityandoriginality（50%）,useoflanguageandrhyme（25%）andappropriatenesstocontesttheme（25%）.”所有参赛作品将由诗人KennNesbitt根据以下标准进行评判:

创造力和原创性（50%），语言和韵律的使用（25%）和主题的适当性（25%）。

可知，创新性占据50%，可以推断出此次比赛看重创新性。

故选A。

（3）考查细节理解。

根据最后一段中的“AllthesemifinalistswillreceiveasignedcopyofBigfootIsMissing,whichisworthabout$275.Thesemifinalists'poemswillbepublishedat.”所有的半决赛选手都会收到一份签名版的《大脚怪》，价值约275美元。

半决赛选手的诗作将在上发表。

参加半决赛的选手包含决赛选手，故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读。

考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并结合题目要求，从而选出正确答案。

3．阅读理解

   Antarcticahasbecomeoneoftheworld'smostpopulartouristdestinations.Since1969,theaveragenumberofvisitorstothecontinenthasincreasedfromseveralhundredtoover34,000today.AllactivitiesinAntarcticaareheavilysupervisedbytheAntarctictreatyforenvironmentalprotectionpurposesandtheindustryislargelymanagedbytheInternationalAssociationofAntarcticaTourOperators（IAATO）.

   Thefirstexpedition（探险）toAntarcticawithtravelerswasin1966,ledbySwedishexplorerLarsEricLindblad.Hewantedtogivetouristsfirst-handexperienceoftheecologicalsensitivityoftheAntarcticenvironment,inordertoeducatethemandpromoteagreaterunderstandingofthecontinent'sroleintheworld.In1969,Lindbladbuilttheworld'sfirstexpeditionship,theMSLindbladExplorer,whichwasspecificallydesignedtotransporttouriststoAntarctica.

   In1977,bothAustraliaandNewZealandstartedtoofferscenicflightstoAntarcticathroughQantasandAirNewZealand.Theflightsoftenflewtothecontinentwithoutlandingandreturnedtothedepartureairport.Theexperiencewasanaverage12to14hourswithupto4hoursofflyingdirectlyoverthecontinent.TheflightsfromAustraliaandNewZealandstoppedin1980.ItwaslargelyduetotheAirNewZealandFlight901accidentonNovember28,1979.In1994,flightstoAntarcticacontinuedagain.

   Despitethepotentialdangersandrisks,tripstoAntarcticacontinuedtogrow.AccordingtoIAATO,34,354travelersvisitedthecontinentbetween2012and2013.Americanscontributedtothelargestsharewith10,677visitors,or31.1%,followedbyGermans11.1%,Australians10.7%,andtheBritish10.2%.TherestofthevisitorswerefromChina,Canada,Switzerland,Franceandelsewhere.

   ThecostofatriptoAntarcticacanrangefromaslittleas$3,000-$4,000toover$40,000,dependingonthescopeoftransportation,housing,andactivityneeds.Thehigherendpackagestypicallyinvolveairtransport,on-sitecamping,andavisittotheSouthPole.

（1）Whichcanbestreplacetheunderlinedword"supervised"inParagraph1?

A. Protected.                      

B. Monitored.                      

C. Supported.                      

D. Forbidden.

（2）What'sLarsEricLindblad'soriginalpurposeingettingtoAntarctica?

A. TomakehimselfthefirstexplorertogotoAntarctica.

B. TotransportmoreandmoretouriststoAntarctica.

C. Togetfirst-handexperienceofpreciousresources.

D. Toletpeopleknowthesignificanceofthecontinent.

（3）WhatdoweknowabouttheflightstoAntarctica?

A. Theywereoncecancelledformorethantenyearsduetodangers.

B. NaturalconditionsofAnta