人教版新目标英语八年级全册知识要点总结.docx
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人教版新目标英语八年级全册知识要点总结
八年级上册知识要点
Unit1Howoftendoyouexercise?
重点短语:
howoften多久一次
asfor至于;关于
howmany多少(针对可数名词)
howmuch多少(针对不可数名词)
ofcourse=sure当然;确信
lookafter=takecareof=carefor照顾;照看
alotof=lotsof=plentyof许多;大量
everyday每一天
everynight每晚
hardlyever几乎不
begoodfor对……有益
begoodforone'shealth有益健康
trytodosth.尝试做某事
getgoodgrades取得好成绩
helpsb.[to]dosth.帮助某人做某事
kindof有点
want[sb.]todosth.想要(某人)做某事
keepingoodhealth保持健康
Notwomenthinkalike.人心各异。
Unit2What'sthematter?
重点短语:
haveacold患感冒
shouldn't=shouldnot
bestressedout紧张的;有压力的
afew有些;几个(针对可数名词)
alittle[bit]有些;几个(针对不可数名词)
atthemoment此刻;现在
What'sthematter?
=What'swrong?
=What'stheproblem?
怎么了?
liedownandrest躺下休息
seeadoctor看病
hopetodosth.希望做某事
listento听
forexample举个例子
begoodfor对……有益
it's+adj.+[forsb.]+todosth.做某事(对某人来说)……(加形容词)
gettired感到疲倦
stayhealthy保持健康
givesb.sth.=givesth.tosb.把某物给某人
needtodosth.需要做某事
Unit3Whatareyoudoingforvacation?
重点短语:
howlong多久
getback=comeback回来
takeavacation=haveavacation去度假
alot=verymuch很;非常
begoingtodosth.将要去做某事
sound+adj.听起来……(加形容词)
soundlike+n.听起来像……(加名词)
haveagoodtime=havefun=enjoyoneself玩得愉快
showsb.sth.=showsth.tosb.把某物给某人看
wanttodosth.=wouldliketodosth.想要做某事
plantodosth.计划做某事
spendsometime[in]doingsth.花时间做某事
needtodosth.需要做某事
asksb.aboutsth.询问某人某方面的事情
goshopping去购物
leavefor离开去某地
Unit4Howdoyougettoschool?
重点短语:
bybus=takethebus乘公共汽车
howfar多远
dependon依赖于
byboat=taketheboat乘船
lookat看
bytrain=takethetrain乘火车
bybike=rideone'sbike骑车
bysubway=takethesubway乘地铁
byplane=taketheplane乘飞机
onfoot走路
getup起床
havebreakfast吃早饭
leaveforsomewhere离开去某地
takesb.tosomewhere带某人去某地
halfanhour=thirtyminutes半小时(三十分钟)
aroundtheworld=allovertheworld全世界
gettoschool到学校
thinkof认为
onweekend在周末
Unit5Canyoucometomyparty?
重点短语:
thedayaftertomorrow后天
thedaybeforeyesterday前天
comeover来访
studyforatest复习迎考
gotothedoctor=seethedoctor看病
haveto不得不;必须(强调客观上)
must不得不;必须(强调主观上)
helpsb.withsth.=helpsb.[to]dosth.帮助某人做某事
toomuch+n.太多(针对不可数名词)
toomany+n.太多(针对可数名词)
muchtoo+adj.太……(加形容词)
gotothemovies看电影
practicedoingsth.练习做某事
thanksfor[doing]sth.为(做)某事而感谢
gotothedentist看牙医
begoingtodosth.将要做某事(该事已计划好)
willdosth.将要做某事(该事尚未计划)
keepquiet保持安静
Unit6I'mmoreoutgoingthanmysister.
重点短语:
morethan超出……
incommon共同的
begoodat=dowellin在某方面做得好
mostof大多数
insomeways在某些方面
thesameas与……一样
makesb.+adj.让某人(感觉)……(加形容词)
stopdoingsth.停止做某事
stoptodosth.停止当前做的事去做另一件事
beginwith以……开始
eachother互相
enjoyoneself=havefun=haveagoodtime玩得高兴
spendsometime[in]doingsth.=spendsometimeonsth.花时间做某事
plantodosth.计划做某事
onafarm在农场
Unit7Howdoyoumakeabananamilkshake?
重点短语:
turnon打开(电器)[闭合开关]
turnoff关闭(电器)[断开开关]
cutup切碎
mixup混合
add...to...把……加到……上
pour...into...把……浇到……里面
put...in...把……放到……里面
put...on...把……放到……上面
acupof一杯
ateaspoonof一勺
Unit8Howwasyourschooltrip?
重点短语:
hangout闲逛
sleeplate睡过头
takephotos=takepictures照相
haveagreattime=havefun=enjoyoneself玩得高兴
attheendof在……的尽头
theclassmonitor班长
adayoff一整天
goforadrive开车兜风
havefundoingsth.做某事很愉快
abowlof一碗
helpsb.[to]dosth.帮助某人做某事
一些不规则动词的原形和过去式:
hang→hung
buy→bought
sleep→slept
read/ri:
d/→read/red/
Unit9Whenwasheborn?
重点短语:
too...to...太……以致不能……
takepartin=join参加
becauseof因为……
majorin主修;专研
startdoingsth.开始做某事(该事已计划好)
starttodosth.开始做某事(该事尚未计划)
spendsometimewithsb.花时间和某人在一起
spendsometime[in]doingsth.=spendsometimeonsth.花时间做某事
seesb.dosth.看见某人做某事(强调全局)
seesb.doingsth.看见某人做某事(强调偶然性)
Unit10I'mgoingtobeabasketballplayer.
重点短语:
growup成长;长大
atthesametime同时
allover遍及
allovertheworld=aroundtheworld全世界
begoingtodosth.将要做某事
practicedoingsth.练习做某事
studyhard努力学习
takelessons上课
sound+adj.听起来……(加形容词)
soundlike+n.听起来像……(加名词)
savemoney存钱
buysb.sth.=bysth.forsb.给某人买某物
buysth.withthemoney用钱买某物
writearticles写文章
learntodosth.学习做某事
getgoodgrades取得好成绩
playsports运动
keepfit保持健康
writetosb.给某人写信
enjoydoingsth.享受做某事
Unit11Couldyoupleasecleanyourroom
重点短语:
dothedishes=washthedishes洗碗
takeout取出
makeone'sbed整理床铺
workon从事;忙于
dochores=dohousework干家务
dothelaundry=washtheclothes洗衣服
takecareof=carefor=lookafter照看;照顾
sweepthefloor扫地
foldone'sclothes叠衣服
gotothemovies看电影
getaride骑车
gotoameeting开会
hate(todo/doing)sth.讨厌做某事
like(todo/doing)sth.喜欢做某事
invitesb.tosomewhere邀请某人去某地
gotothestore=goshopping购物
forgettodosth.忘记做某事(该事尚未做)
forgetdoingsth.忘记做某事(该事已做过)
givesb.sth.=givesth.tosb.把某物给某人
buysb.sth.=buysth.forsb.买某物给某人
onvacation度假
Unit12What'sthebestradiostation?
重点短语:
closeto=near靠近;接近
inexpensive=cheap便宜的
clothingstore服装店
radiostation广播站
talentshow业余歌手演唱会
itisadj.[forsb.]todosth.做某事(对某人来说)感觉……(加形容词)
cuttheprice打折
not...atall=not...intheslightest一点也不
infact实际上
payfor为……而付款
sth.costsb.(money)某人花钱买了某物
good/well→better→thebest形容词good/副词well的原级、比较级和最高级
bad/badly→worse→theworst形容词bad/副词badly的原级、比较级和最高级
八年级下册重点语法和短语
Unit1Willpeoplehaverobots?
重点语法:
一般将来时态的应用
do/does的一般将来时态形式:
(shall/will)do
do/does的一般将来时态的被动语态:
(shall/will)bedone
一般将来时态的肯定句、否定句、疑问句形式:
肯定句例句:
Peoplewillhaverobotsinafewyears.
否定句例句:
People(willnot/won't)haverobotsinafewyears.
一般疑问句例句:
Willpeoplehaverobotsinafewyears?
特殊疑问句例句:
Whatwillpeoplehaveinafewyears?
重点短语:
won't=willnot
they'll=theywill
she'll=shewill
he'll=hewill
I'll=Iwill
fallinlovewith(sb./sth.)爱上(某人/某物)
beabletodosth.能够做某事
cometrue实现
inthefuture未来
hundredsof数以百计的
thousandsof数以千计的
lookfor(sb./sth.)寻找(某人/某物)
will→would情态动词will的原形和过去式
may→might情态动词may的原形和过去式
ReadingStrategy(阅读方法)
Lookatthetitleandpicture,andpredictwhatyouwillreadabout.(看着标题和图片,预知你要阅读那些方面的内容。
)Thishelpsyougetreadytoacquirenewinformation.(这样可以帮助你获得一些新的信息。
)
Unit2WhatshouldIdo?
重点语法:
过去将来时态(将来时态的委婉说法)
do/does的过去将来时态形式:
(should/would)do
do/does的过去将来时态的被动语态:
(should/would)bedone
过去将来时态的肯定句、否定句、疑问句形式:
肯定句例句:
Youshouldwritealettertohim.
否定句例句:
Youshouldn'twritealettertohim.
一般疑问句例句:
ShouldIwritealettertohim?
特殊疑问句例句:
WhatshouldIdo?
重点短语:
keepsb.out不让某人进入
What'swrong?
=What'sthematter?
=What'stheproblem?
怎么了?
outofstyle不时髦的;过时的
callsb.up给某人打电话
payforsth.为某事付款
part-timejob兼职工作
thesameas=besame(to/with)与……同样
instyle时髦的;流行的
geton[well]withsb.=getalong[well]withsb.与某人相处(好)
didn't=didnot
couldn't=couldnot
as...aspossible尽可能……(eg/assoonaspossible尽快)
allkindsof各种;许多
ontheonehand一方面
ontheotherhand另一方面
asksb.forsth.=asksb.todosth.请求某人做某事
asksb.nottodosth.请求某人不要做某事
spend(money)onsth.=spend(money)[in]doingsth.花钱做某事
sth.costsb.(money)某人花钱为了某事
takesb.sometimetodosth.花某人时间做某事
findout查明
findsb.doingsth.发现某人做某事
beangrywithsb.生某人的气
beangryatsth.生某事的气
thesameageas=asoldas与某人年龄一样
havefightwithsb.与某人打架
learntodosth.学会做某事
not...until...直到……才……
comparesth.(A)withsth.(B)把某事(A)与某事(B)作比较
it'stimeforsth.=it'stimetodosth.到该做某事的时间了
maybeadv.或许
maybe(情态动词+动词原形)可能是
shall→should情态动词shall的原形和过去式
pay→paid→paid动词pay的原形、过去式和过去分词
ReadingStrategy(阅读方法)
Youwilllearntousenewwordsbetterifyouusealearner'sdictionary.(时刻学着应用新单词来学习比时刻使用字典这种途径方法更好。
)Abilingualdictionarysometimesgivesthewrongmeaningforthesituationyouwant.(在某些你需要的场合下,一本双语字典有时会给你错误的解释。
)
Unit3WhatwereyoudoingwhentheUFOarrived?
重点语法:
过去进行时态
do/does的过去进行时态形式:
(was/were)doing
do/does的过去进行时态的被动语态:
(was/were)beingdone
过去将来时态的肯定句、否定句和疑问句形式:
肯定句例句:
IwaswalkingdownthestreetwhenaUFOlanded.
否定句例句:
Iwasn'twalkingdownthestreetwhenaUFOlanded.
一般疑问句例句:
WereyouwalkingdownthestreetwhenaUFOlanded?
特殊疑问句例句:
WhatwereyoudoingwhenaUFOlanded?
动词when和while的选择:
when后加瞬间动词,while后加延续性动词。
例句:
TheboywaswalkingdownthestreetwhentheUFOlanded.
=Whiletheboywaswalkingdownthestreet,theUFOlanded.
感叹句
结构:
(1)How+adj.+the+主语+谓语动词
=
(2)What+(a/an)+[adj.]+n.+主语+谓语动词
例句:
Whatabeautifulflower[itis]!
=Howbeautifulthefloweris!
Whatbeautifulflowers[theyare]!
=Howbeautifultheflowersare!
重点短语:
getout出去;离开
takeoff起飞
runaway逃跑;跑掉
comein进来
hearabout=hearof听说
takeplace发生
as...as像……一样(eg/asoldashim像他一样老)
anywhere=everywhere=hereandthere任何地方
thinkabout考虑
thinkof认为
getup=getoutofthebed起床
atthedoctor's