Lesson 20 One man in a boat.docx

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Lesson20Onemaninaboat

§Lesson—20Onemaninaboat独坐孤舟

【Newwordsandexpressions】生词和短语

★catchv.抓到

catchfish,catchthief

catchcold:

染上感冒

catchabus:

赶车

catchone'sbreath:

摒住呼吸

catchsightof=see:

看见

catchfire:

着火

catchone'seyes:

吸引某人注意力

★fishermann.钓鱼人,渔民

★bootn.靴子

apairofboots

★wasten.浪费

Youarewastingtime.

awasteof

Itisawasteoftime/money/food.

★realizev.意识到

IrealizedthatIwaswrong.

实现,realizeone'sdream

【课文讲解】fish一般情况下作为不可数名词用

Therearealotoffishes(表示种类)inthesea.

fish(v.):

钓鱼,捕鱼

主语通常由名词和代词充当,以及动词+ing,如eating,reading等等

for+时间……表示一段时间

forhours=forsomehours

without(prep.)

介词后面一定要加宾语,介词后面的动词一定要加“-ing”

动词+ing:

1.做主语;2.做宾语

anything用在否定句中

without作为状语而出现,表示结果状语

Hewentoutwithoutsayinganywords.

Withoutaskingformoney,theboywenttoschool.

without后面的动作是主语来做的

(v.)worrysb.作动词一定要加人作宾语,翻译时从后往前翻

Thehouseworriedme./Mydaughterworriedme.

(adj.)beworriedabout主语为宾语而感到担心

Iwasneverworriedaboutthis.=Thisdoesnotworryme.

insteadof后面的词一定是没有做的,可以放在主句后面

without强调没有做某件事,insteadof强调这件事没做成而做成了另外一件事

insteadof:

我原准备做……但是后来做了……

Iwenttoschoolinsteadofstayingathome.我没呆在家里而是去上学了

Iboughtbooksinsteadofbuyingdresses.

less+原形:

Aisless...thanB(译为不如)morebeautiful/lessbeautiful

spend+时间+在某地:

在某地度过……时间

after(conj.)+从句,从句主语必须是主句的主语才能换成下面一种形式

after(prep.)+名词/动词的ing形式

AfterIgotoschool,Ilearnedalotofknowledge.(用一般式表示一个事实,不用“wentto”)

Aftergoingtoschool,Ilearnedalotofknowledge.

Withanemptybag[]注意连读

with:

带着(状语)

without;没带Ialwaysgohomewithoutangthing.什么都没带回家

giveupdoingsth:

放弃做某事/stopdoing

giveupsmoking.

beinterestedin主语对什么感兴趣

在船上 inaboat

notatall在否定句中起强调作用

【Keystructures】 关键句型

细读下面的例句,特别注意用斜体印出的以-ing结尾的词.

a 动名词作主语

Eatingisalwaysapleasure.吃总是一件愉快的事情.

Watchingtelevisionismyfavouritepastime.看电视是我最喜爱的业馀爱好.

ReadinginbedissomethingIalwaysenjoy.我总喜欢躺在床上看书

b 动名词作宾语

Iamverykeenoncycling.我非常喜欢骑自行车.

Sheisafraidofstayinginthathousealone.她害怕单独住在那间屋子里.

Heiscapableofdoinganything.他能胜任任何事情.

c Notehowthesesentenceshavebeenjoined.

注意在以下例句中如何用动名词将两个短句连到一起.

Hesatthere.Hedidnotsayanything.他坐在那儿,他什么话也不说.

Hesattherewithoutsayinganything.他默默无语地坐在那里.

Heturnedofftheradio.Helefttheroom.他关掉了收音机,他离开了房间.

Beforeleavingtheroom,heturnedofftheradio.离开房间之前,他关掉了收音机.

Helookedatthiswatch.Hehurriedtothestation.他看了一下手表.他匆忙赶到火车站.

Afterlookingathiswatch,hehurriedtothestation.他看了一下手表之后,就匆忙赶往火车站.

Or:

Afterhavinglookedathiswatch,hehurriedtothestation.

Imustapologize.Iinterruptedyou.我得表示道歉.我打断了你的说话(工作).

Imustapologizeforinterruptingyou.由于打断了你的说话(工作),我得表示道歉.

Or:

Imustapologizeforhavinginterruptedyou.

Imustapologize.Ididnotletyouknowearlier.我得表示道歉.我没有早一点让你知道.

Imustapologizefornotlettingyouknowearlier.由于没有早点让你知道,我得表示道歉.

Or:

Imustapologizefornothavingletyouknowearlier.

Hecongratulatedme.Iwonthecompetition.他向我道贺.我赢得了这次比赛.

Hecongratulatedmeonwinningthecompetition.在我赢得这次比赛之际,他向我祝贺.

Or:

Hecongratulatedmeonhavingwonthecompetition.

动词+ing(非谓语动词)可以做主语和宾语

b.bekeenon,befondof,beinterestedin,enjoy+动词ing:

喜欢做某事

beafraidof

beupto,becapableof(capableadj.有能力的,能干的,有可能的,可以...的)

without,insteadof

c.Iapologize.我道歉(apologizevi.道歉,辩白)

apologizefor(not)doingsth.为什么事情而道歉

thankyouforlistening/attending

forinterruptingyou只强调这件事(doing)

forhavinginterruptedyou强调这个动作先做了,强调时间(havingdone)

以上两者为时间概念不同

notdoing没做某事

congratulatesb.ondoingsth.(congratulatevt.祝贺,庆贺,恭喜)

ExercisesC(用括号中的词来连接下列句子,如需要可对原句进行必要的改动)

1.Hewentoutoftherestaurant.(without)Hedidnotpaythebill.

1.without

withoutprep.+doing

Hewentoutoftherestaurantwithoutpayingthebill.

2.Sheboughtapairofboots.(insteadof)Shedidnotgetapairofshoes.

2.insteadof

Sheboughtapairofbootsinsteadofgettingapairofshoes.

=Sheboughtapairofbootsinsteadofapairofshoes.

3.Shewasafraid.(of)Shedidnotspendthenightalone.

3.of

Shewasafraidofspendingthenightalone.

4.(After)Sheheardthenews.Shefainted.

4.after

after+从句;afterprep.+doing

Afterhearingthenews,shefainted.(faint[]n.昏晕,昏倒adj.虚落地,衰弱的,软弱的,无力的,微弱的,暗淡的,模糊的vi.昏晕,昏倒,变得微弱,变得没气力)

5.Thinkcarefully.(before)Answermyquestion.

5.before

Thinkcarefullybeforeansweringmyquestion.

在回答我的问题之前,请仔细考虑.

6.(On)Isawtheplanecomingtowardsme.Idashedforcover

6.on

assoonas:

一...就...:

assoonasIentered...

themoment+从句:

themomentIhadentered

以上两个主语不一定是同一个人

on(prep.)+doing两个动作必须是同一个人(即主句主语)

Onseeingtheplanecomingtowardsme,Idashedforcover.(冲进掩护体[]n.少量(搀加物),冲撞,破折号,锐气,精力,干劲vi.猛掷,冲撞vt.泼溅,使猛撞,搀和,使破灭,使沮丧,匆忙完成)

【SpecialDifficulties】难点

a InterestedandInteresting.ExcitedandExciting.

Fishingisnotinteresting.Iamnotreallyinterestedinfishing.(11.7-8)

钓鱼没意思.我对钓鱼并不真正感兴趣.

Thematchwasveryexciting.Thecrowdgotveryexcited.比赛非常激动人心.观众非常激动.

b It'sandIts.It'sawasteoftime.(11.6-7)

It's(=itis)coldtoday.It'srainingtoo.今天天气冷.而且正在下雨.

Thecatdrankitsmilk.猫喝了它的牛奶.

Thisenginehaslostitspower.这台发动机已失去了动力.

c RealizeandUnderstand.Theydon'trealize...(1.7)

Irealizedhewasmad.我意识到他疯了.

Hedidn'trealizethathehadmadeamistake.他没有意识到他犯了一个错误.

Idon'tunderstandEnglish.我不懂英语.

Exercises(选择正确的词填空)

1.I(realized)(understood)hewasnottellingmethetruth.

Irealized...意识到

2.Thispoemisdifficult.(It's)(Its)impossibleforyouto(understand)(realize)(its)(it's)meaning.

...It'simpossible...tounderstanditsmeaning/forsb逻辑主语

its形容词性物主代词poem[]n.诗,象诗一样,美丽的东西

it's=itis;it作形式主语

3.Therewassome(excited)(exciting)newsontheradio.

3....excitingnews...

excited 感动的

exciting 令人激动的

ontheradio在广播上

Eg.:

Igotnewsontheradio/onTV/onthetelephone/ontheline(在线).

4.Heisnotan(interesting)(interested)person.

....aninterestingperson

interested感兴趣的

interesting有趣的

5.Heisanexplorer.Heleadsan(excited)(exciting)life.

...anexcitinglifeexplorer[]n.探险家,探测者,探测器

leadalife过着...日子

leadahappylife

Eg.;Heleadsapoorlife.

excited感到激动的

exciting令人激动的

如果-ed,-ing做形容词即作定语时,和被修饰词有关,如题中,令人激动的生活而非生活感到激动

6.Iamnot(interesting)(interested)inotherpeople'saffairs.

....notinterestedin...affairs.

interested 感兴趣的

interesting有趣的

beinterestedin对……感兴趣

【Multiplechoicequestions】多项选择题

2 Thewriterenjoys______.

a.catchingfishb.fishingc.doingnothingd.swimmingintheriver

2....enjoys...C

catchingfish抓鱼

fishing 钓鱼

doingnothing 什么都不做

swimmingintheriver 在河里游泳

enjoyingdoingsth/enjoy+n.

Ienjoybooks.

Ienjoyreadingbooks.

6 Hisbagisempty.Hehas______.

a.aemptybagb.anemptybagc.emptybagd.oneemptybag

6....Hehas...B

anemptybag

oneemptybag

an 指一个,强调名词

one 一个,强调one,强调数量

Ihaveagarden.

Ihaveonegarden.

强调emptybag

Isentaletter.

Iwroteoneword.

7 Iamonlyinterestedindoingnothing.That's______I'minterestedin.

a.onlyb.theonec.alld.theonly

7....That's...C

(that's/the)only一般加名词

that+从句,从句往往以特殊疑问词引导

that'swhy

that'swhen

that'sall那就是一切(That’sallsaid.)

That'sall(Iheard).

That'sallIcanremember.

theone指东西,不指事情

11 Healwaysgoes______withanemptybag.

a.tohomeb.tohousec.tothehoused.home

11....D

gohome习惯用法,最佳答案

gotothehouse 语法正确

没有规则与语法相提并论时,语法为大.

当语法与习惯用法相提并论时,习惯用法为大.

Whereareyougoing?

(更习惯这么说)

Whereareyougoingto?

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