3高级阅读.docx

3高级阅读.docx

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3高级阅读

高级阅读

PassageOne：

文学评析----野性的呼唤

Agripping,fast-pacedtaleofadventure,TheCalloftheWildfocusesonBuck,asheepdogstolenfromaCaliforniafarmandtransportedtothearctic.Buck’sstruggletosurviveonthearctictraildemonstratestheuncertainnatureoflifeinthewild.Althoughitisanengaginganimalstory,thereadercannothelpbutdrawparallelsbetweenBuck’sexperienceandthatofhumans.Thebooksuggeststhatenvironmentshapescharacter,andemphasizesthatprimitivecharacter—oftenhiddenbeneathalayerofcivilization—isneverlosttotheindividual.Providingafascinatingglimpseofawayoflifethathasalmostdisappeared,thenovelsuggeststhatcreaturessurvivebestwhentheyadapttothenaturalworld,ratherthantryingtoimposechangesontheirenvironment.

　　Thestorybeginsin1897,atthestartoftheGoldRush.ThediscoveryofgoldintheKlondike—aregioninnorthwesternCanada—promptedthousandsofgoldseekerstoheadforthefarnorth,allofthemdesperatelyinneedofdogstopullsledsacrosstheharsharctictrails.Buck,alargedogwhohasenjoyedaleisurelylifeonaCaliforniafarm,isstolenandshippedtotheYukon.Bucklearnstosurviveinthiscruelenvironment;hebeginstodiscovertheprimitiveknowledgeofhisancestors,andintimeherespondstothecallofthewild.BecausethebookfocusesuponBuck’sexperience,thehumancharactersareofsecondaryimportance.Buckisamagnificentdog,partshepherdandpartSt.Bernard.Hissuperiorstrengthenableshimtoadaptreadilytothenorthernclimateandtheharshdemandsofhislabors.Buthepossessesoneadditionalquality—imagination.Buckfightswithhisheadaswellashisstrength.Adaptabilityisadominantthemeinthisnovel.Inordertosurviveinthearctic,Buckmustlearn“thelawofclubandfang（牙齿）”.Buckisfirsttaughtthislawbytheclubwieldingsleddrivers,whoshowhimthatthestrongestindividualsaretheoneswhorule.Buckalsolearnsthisprimitivelawfromtheotherteamdogs,suchasDave,Solleks,andtheviciousteamleader,Spitz.Fromthem,Bucklearnsthathemusteitherbiteorbebitten,masterorbemastered.

1.Aboutthisnovel,whichofthefollowingstatementisNOTtrue?

　　A）ThenovelfocusedupontheexperiencesofadognamedBuck.

　　B）Themainthemewastotellitsreadersthelifeinthearcticwild.

　　C）Thebookstressedtheinfluencesofenvironmentoncharacter.

　　D）Creatureshavetoadapttothechangesonenvironmenttosurvive.

2.Wecandrawfromthepassagethatthe“primitivecharacter”withinBuckrefersto ______.

　A）Buck’sadaptabilitytothecruelwildlife

　B）thelearningofthelawofclubandfang

　C）Buck’sabilitytofightwithheadandclaw

　D）becomingthestrongestindividualtorule

3.Thestorywassetprimarilyin ______.

　A）KlondikeinCanadaB）afarminCalifornia

　C）theYukonD）thewildinCalifornia

4.Bucklearnedtosurviveinthearcticby_______.

A）itsprimitivecharacterB）becomingthestrongest

C）thelawofclubandfangD）adaptitselftothecoldarctic

5.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementistrue?

A）TheCalloftheWildisabouttherelationshipbetweenmenanddogsinthearctic.

B）TheCalloftheWildisastoryaboutthewildwestduringtheGoldRush.

C）Bucklearned“thelawofclubandfang”bydefeatingitsenemies.

D）Buckmanagedtosurviveandbecamealeader.

PassageTwo：

社会文化----家庭中孩子的地位变化

TheordinaryfamilyincolonialNorthAmericawasprimarilyconcernedwithsheerphysicalsurvivalandbeyondthat,isowneconomicprosperity.Thus,childrenwerevaluedintermsoftheirproductivity,andtheyassumedtheroleofproducerquiteearly.Untiltheyfulfilledthisrole,theirpositioninthestructureofthefamilywasoneofsubordinationandtheirpsychologicalneedsandcapacitiesreceivedlittleconsideration.Asthesocietybecamemorecomplex,thestatusofchildreninthefamilyandinthesocietybecamemoreimportant.Inthecomplex,technologicalsocietythattheUnitedStateshasbecome,eachmembermustfulfillanumberofpersonalandoccupationalrolesandbeinconstantcontactwithagreatmanyothermembers.Consequently,viewingchildrenaspotentiallyacceptableandnecessarilymultifacetedmembersofsocietymeansthattheyareregardedmoreaspeopleintheirownrightthanasutilitarianorganisms.Thisacceptanceofchildrenasequalparticipantsinthecontemporaryfamilyisreflectedinthevarietyofstatutesprotectingtherightsofchildrenandinthesocialandpublicwelfareprogramsdevotedexclusivelytotheirwell-being.Thisnewviewofchildrenandtheincreasingcontactbetweenthemembersofsocietyhasalsoresultedinasurgeofinterestinchild-rearingtechniques.Peopletodayspendaconsiderableportionoftheirtimeconferringontheproperwaytobringupchildren.Itisnowpossibletoinfluencethedetailsofthesocializationofanotherperson’schildbyspreadingthegospelofcurrentandfashionabletheoriesandmethodsofchildrearing.ThesocializationofthecontemporarychildintheUnitedStatesisatwo-waytransactionbetweenparentandchildratherthanaone-way,parent-to-childtrainingprogram.Asaconsequence,socializingchildrenandlivingwiththemoveralongperiodtimeisforparentsamixtureofpleasure,satisfaction,andproblems.

1.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?

　　A）ThePlaceofChildreninUnitedStatesSociety

　　B）TheChildrenofColonialNorthAmerican

　　C）TheDevelopmentofCulturalValues

　　D）TheChildasaUtilitarianOrganism

2.Accordingtotheauthor,childrenincolonialNorthAmericaweremainlyvaluedfortheir____.

　　A）academicachievementsB）survivalinstincts

　　C）physicalcharacteristicsD）productiveroles

3.WhatcanbeinferredaboutformalschoolingincolonialNorthAmerica?

　　A）Itwasgenerallyrequiredbylaw.B）Itwasconsideredrelativelyunimportant.

　　C）Itwasimproperlyadministered.D）Itwashighlydisciplined.

4.WhichofthefollowingisapossiblecauseofchangesintheroleofthechildintheUnitedStates?

　A）Anincreaseintechnology.

　B）Thegrowingcomplexityofthechild’spsychologicalneeds.

　C）Adecreaseinthechild’sintellectualcapacities.

　D）Thegrowingnumberofsingleparentfamilies.

5.Accordingtothepassage,parentshavebecomeincreasinglyinterestedin______.

　　A）theirchildren’sfutureoccupations

　　B）havingsmallerfamilies

　　C）adoptionprogramsforchildlesscouples

　　D）child-rearingtechniques

PassageThree:

科技----互联网

NearlyayearafterGoogle'sIPOmarkedthestartofanewphaseinWebsearchcompetition,theupstartismakingindustrygiantsMicrosoft'sMSNandYahoo!

looklikealso-rans.Google'sshareofU.S.searcheshit52%inJune,upfrom45%ayearago,accordingtoWebanalyticsfirmWebSideStoryInc.Bycontrast,Yahoo'sandMSN'sshareslippedto25%and10%respectively.SaysMarkS.Mahaney,ananalystatSmithBarneyCitigroup:

"Peoplehaven'tbeengivenagoodreasontoswitchfromGoogle."

Doesthatreallymatter?

Thetwobusinessesstillattractmoretotalvisitors,thankstotheirbroadofferingsofgames,music,personals,andmuchmore.Ever-profitableMicrosoftCorp.hasoodlesofcashtolavishonMSN,whileYahoo!

Inc.deliveredrecordrevenuesof$1.2billioninthefirstquarter.That'sprovidingtheresourcestofundnewforaysintoeasier-to-usesitesandmoreadvancedsearchtechnologies.

Still,MSN'sandYahoo'ssearchproblemscouldcomebacktohauntthem.Manyanalystsseesearchasacrucialentréeforeverythingelseonline,whereconsumersgotobegintheirtravels.Assumingthatcontinuestobethecase,MSN'sandYahoo'serodingsearchsharescouldslowtheirgrowthrateinthefuture.ResearchshowsthatWebsurfersincreasinglyusesearchasameanstonavigatetheWeb,ofteninlieuoftheURLbox--thespaceinabrowserwhereuserstypeinaWebaddress."Fromonlinedatingtotraveltobanking,weseethatsearchisoftenastartingpointforpeople,"saysBonnyBrown,directorofresearchatKeynoteSystemsInc.,whichmeasurestheperformanceofWebsites.

Google'ssearchlead,moreover,looksprettyunassailable,atleastfornow.Despitemanystudiesindicatingthenear-parityofrivalsearchtechnologies,changingsearchers'habitsismoredifficulttodaythanintheWeb'searlydays,whensurfershoppedfromYahootoExcitetoAltaVistaandback.OnefamiliaryetpersistentreasonforthisloyaltyisGoogle'splainhomepage,whichincludesjust13linksorso--lessthanatenthofthenumberatMSNandYahoo."Peopleareonamissionwhentheycometoasearchsite,"saysJaredM.Spool,foundingprincipalatresearcherUserInterfaceEngineering."Thelastthingtheywanttoknowiswhat'shappeningwithTomCruise."

1.WhatdoesMarkS.Mahaneymeanwhenhesays,"Peoplehaven'tbeengivenagoodreasontoswitchfromGoogle."

A.MSNandYahoofailedtoexplainthereasonsfortheirslipofshares.

B.PeoplewouldchooseGooglebecauseitsshareofU.S.searchesrises.

C.SurfersaresatisfiedwiththeserviceofGooglesofar,sotheyjustkeepusingit.

D.Googledidbestinpersuadingusertoadopttheirsearchengine.

2.Ofthefollowingstatements,whichmayaccountforGoogle’ssuccess,atleastfornow?

A.Google’shomepageisfarmoreappealingthantheothertwo.

B.Googlecanmoredirectlymeetthedemandsoftheusers.

C.Googlehasinvestedfarmorefundsinitssearch.

D.Googletriestoprovideeverythingonlinefortheusers.

3.Whatdoestheword“unassailable”（Para.4L1）probablymean?

A.ConvincingB.UnbelievableC.FrighteningD.Undeniable

4.IsitpossiblethatMSNandYahoowillchangetheirun