上海海事大学考研资料英语.docx

上海海事大学考研资料英语.docx

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上海海事大学考研资料英语

2007年语法笔记

I.Fillineachblankwithanappropriateprepositionoradverbparticle（注：

可填介词或副词）

1.Thissituationhasbroughtaboutsomedifficultiesforthefurtherexpansionoftheircooperation.（makesomethinghappen）使发生,致使2.Thechildrenseemedtohavebeendraggedupanyhowinsteadofbeingproperlytrainedandeducated.（未尽抚养义务）

3.Policehaveappealedforinformation.（tomakeaseriouspublicrequestforhelp,money,information,ect）

4.Hisfriendsdroppedoffonebyone.（离散，逐渐的减少或死去）

5.Thirtyfourpercentoftherespondentsareopposedtotheideawhilethirtypercentoftherespondentssupportit.

6.Heistryingtobackoutofhisbargain.（decidenottodosomethingthatyouhadpromisedtodo）

Itistoolatetobackoutnow.

Afteryouhavesignedthecontract,it’llbeimpossibleforyoutobackout.

Thegovernmentistryingtobackoutofitscommitmenttoreducepollution.

7.ChinahadlaunchedafreshdrivetocrackdownonbadEnglishintherun-uptothe2008BeijingOlympics.（tobecomemorestrictindealingwithaproblemandpunishingthepeopleinvolved）

8.Nofoodorbeveragewillberemovedfromthetables.

9.Hewouldbedoinghisbesttoliaisewiththegovernment.（联络）

10.Hehascalledforaninvestigationintothecommittee’sspending

（askpubliclysomethingtobedone）

11.Itadmitsofnoexcuse.（leaveroomfor）

12.Ifweoptformoreequityinthetaxationsystem,throughhighercooperationtax,forexample,investmentandgrowthmaysuffer.（todoonethinginsteadofanother）

13.Wetrytoguessatwhat’sgoingtobepopular.

Wecanonlyguessatthecauseofthecrash.

14.Herrightsinthiscasearesubordinatetotherightsofchildrenandtheirneedforthebestpossibleeducationtheycanget.（inalessimportantpositionthansomeoneelse;lessimportantthansomethingelse）

Womenweresubordinatetomen.

Thisaimissubordinatetothemainone.

15.Theprinterhasmissedoutaline.（notincludesomebodyorsomething）

Makesureyoudon’tmissanydetailsout.

16.Youtryandsolveoneproblemandwindupwithanotherproblem.（tobeinanunpleasantsituationorplaceafteralothashappened）

17.Theinterestsofthelargemajorityofthepopulationareincompatiblewithasocialsystembasedontheprivateownershipofthemeansofproduction.（can’texistortobeacceptedtogether）

18.ChinaindicatedithadconcernsaboutparticipatingininspectionsofcargoboundforNorthKorea.

19.Icautionedhimagainstbeinglate.（towarnsomebodythatsomethingmightbedangerous,difficult,etc.）

Businessleadersarecautioningagainsthastyactionthatwouldhamperflexibility.

20.Shehungbackfromtheaccident,notwantingtoseewhatwasthere.（stayashortdistanceawayfromsomebodyorsomethingandnotgotoonearthem）

Instinctively,hehungbackintheshelterofarock.以上内容在录音1

21.SouthSharkshasbeenruledoutofthefour-daycricketmatchagainstNewSouthWales.（tostatethatsomebodywillnotbeabletotakepartinasportsevent）

22.Thedaysbegintodrawinaftermid-summer.（becomeshorter;“drawout”meansbecomelonger）

23.Thesicknessappearstobeagastrointestinal（肠胃的）virusthatoftenbreaksoutoncruiseshipsaffectingpeopleforaboutaday.（ifsomethingunpleasantsuchasafire,war,breaksout.Itstartstohappen.）

IwasstilllivinginLondonwhenthewarbrokeout.

Doeseverybodyknowwhattodoifafirebreaksout.

Fightingbreakoutbetweendemonstratorsandthepolice.

24.TheRomancatholicchurchandotherreligiousorganizationsmustabidebyastatelawthatrequiresmostemployeehealthinsurancepoliciestocoverthecostofcontraception.（toacceptorobeyadecisionrule,agreement,ecteventhoughyoumaynotagreewithit）

Iwillhavetoabidebythereferee’sdecision.

25.Icouldn’tpersuadehiminto/tomywayofthinking.

26.Thatsmallfirmhasagreedtomergewithabigone.（tocombineorjointhingstogetherforonething）

27.Iwanttomoveforwardinapositivewayandtakepoliticsoutofthis.（towardsthefutureinawaythatishopeful）

28.Hewouldmakeeverynecessarychangeintacticstorespondtoescalatingviolence.（todosomethingasareactiontosomethingthathasbeensaidordone）

29.IwantedtoknowwhatdialecticalmaterialismwasandhowtomakesenseofUlysses.（tounderstandsomething,especiallysomethingdifficultorcomplicated）

30.Shealternatedkindnesswithseverity.（thingshappenoneafteranotherinarepeatingpattern）

II.Correcterrors,ifany,inthefollowingsentenceswithoutalteringthebasicintendedmeaning.Leaveoutthoseyoudeemacceptable:

（改错题如有错误请注意把整句话都写到答题纸上，不要只写错误的地方）

1.Hereareapen,afewenvelopsandsomepaperforyou.（就近原则）

Hereisapen,afewenvelopsandsomepaperforyou.

Thereisadesk,twobenchesintheoffice.（correct）

Therearechairsandadeskintheoffice.（correct）

2.HavingvisitedNanjingandXi’an,ournextsiteisTibet.

WehavingvisitedNanjingandXi’an,ournextsiteisTibet.

以上内容在录音2

3.Whathesaidandwhathediddoesnotagree.

Whathesaidandwhathediddonotagree.

Morecorrectexamples:

both…and和and连接的并列主语用复数1）plasticandrubberneverrot.2）bothtomandIarefondofmedicine.并列主语为同一人或者事物用单数3）theworkerandwriterhascome.4）truthandhonestyisthebestpolicy.主语前有every,each,no等修饰用单数5）everyboyandeverygirlenjoysequalrightshere.6）noteacherandnostudentisexcusedfromtakingpartintheactivity.

4.ThedoctortreatedTimafterwoundedinthechest.

ThedoctortreatedTimafterhehadbeenwoundedinthechest.

5.Excuseme,woulditbeokifIgoinfrontofyourgroup?

Excuseme,butwoulditbeokifIgoinfrontofyourgroup?

“but”isusedafteryourhavemadeanexcuseorapologyforwhatyouarejustabouttosay.E.g.Iamsorry,butIwasreadingaletter.

6.BushwasinlittledoubthowtheUS-ledcoalitionwouldbringdownSaddamHussein.

BushwasinlittledoubtabouthowtheUS-ledcoalitionwouldbringdownSaddamHussein.

Bedoubtabout+clause

7.Itisnouseforyoudenyingit.

Itisnouseforyoutodenyit./itisnouseforyourdenyingit.

8.Atthetimethefriendshipstorewasexclusiveopentoforeignvisitors.

Atthetimethefriendshipstorewasexclusivelyopentoforeignvisitors.

9.Heisaniceguyexcepthishottemper.

Heisaniceguyexceptforhishottemper.

“exceptfor”前后连接不同类事物，而“except”前后连接同类事物

e.g.Everyonewentexcepttomandmarry.

10.Hecompletedthefirstdayinhisnewjobyesterdayafteragreeinga14-monthcontractbecomingplayer-manager.

Hecompletedthefirstdayinhisnewjobyesterdayafteragreeinga14-monthcontracttobecomeplayer-manager.

11.Iopenedandcloseddialogbox,findingmyselfzoomedintoanunusabledetaillevel.

Iopenedandcloseddialogbox,onlytofindmyselfzoomedintoanunusabledetaillevel.

e.g.Iwentallthewaytohishome,onlytofindhimoutatameeting.

12.Theyarerightfulupsetthatseveralpublicofficialsmayhavetakenadvantageoftheirofficialpositiontoadvancepersonalfinancialinterests.

Theyarerightfullyupsetthatseveralpublicofficialsmayhavetakenadvantageoftheirofficialpositiontoadvancepersonalfinancialinterests.

13.Itwassuggestedthattheproject’sbuildersignedawarrantytoensurethebuildingwasfinished.

Itwassuggestedthattheproject’sbuilder（should）signawarrantytoensurethebuildingwasfinished.

14.Headdedthatheneededthecashbecausehisretirementfundsweredwindled.

Headdedthatheneededthecashbecausehisretirementfundsweredwindling.

“dwindle”为不及物动词，所以只能用ing形式。

e.g.Myvocabularyisshrinking.

动词

1.AnewreportclaimsthatoneinfiveBritswouldprefertohavebeenbornFrench.（bear）

2.thethiefwasobservedenteringtheroomsecretly.（enter）类似的动词还有：

see,watch,notice,lookat,hear,listento,smell,taste,feel等

3.theoldwomanmusthaveslippedtheminhiskimonowhileheslept.（slip）

4.vandalismhasmadethesurfacedangeroustostandonincertainplaces.（stand）

5.heissurethathewillnotregrethavingmadethedecision.（make）

类似的词还有：

stop,forget,remember,cease,try,goon,beafraidof/to,beinterestedin/to,mean,begin/start等。

6.judgingfrompreviousconductedbythesamefirmMadridhasgained.（judge）

7.assumingtheeconomyholdsupitstargetslookreasonable.（assume）

8.hehadbeenwaitingtomakeitpublicuntilfundingwasinplace.（wait）

9.ifIhadpredictedthat,youwouldhavethoughtthatIwassomecrazedmarijuanaaddict.（predict,think）

10.wehadbeenworkingon“superman”forthreeyearsandpeoplelikedit.（work）

11.IhappentohavebeenexposedtoallvariantsofMaxistideologyobeywithtraditionalliberalandconservativeviews.（expose）

12.yourdisplayisquitecomfortabletoviewatalowerbrightnesssettingthanthedefault.（view）

13.ifhehadn’thadanaccidentlastyear,hewouldn’tbeconfinedtohiswheelchair.（have,confine）

14.since2004chinahasbeenkeepingacloseeyeonthebirdflusituationinitssouthernregions.（keep）

IVCombineeachgroupofsentencesintoonebymeansofsubordinationinthemostlogicalandcoherentway:

1.shethenordermetogetridofthebeer./Imightspillsomeonthesheets.

ForfearthatImightspillsomeonthesheets,she…..

2.thepostofficeboardapprovedthecontract./businesscasesweremadeforeachindividualproject.

Thepost….onconditionthatbusinesscasesbemadeforeachindividualproject.

3.accidentsinvolvingelderlyclimbershavebeenincreasing./theytendtounder-estimatetheriskinvolvedinmountaineering.

Accidents…..becausetheytend….

4.notallofthesechangesaresignificantforsmalltomidsizedenterprises./severalstandoutaspotentialwin