英语二模试题分类汇编阅读理解综合含答案解析.docx

英语二模试题分类汇编阅读理解综合含答案解析.docx

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英语二模试题分类汇编阅读理解综合含答案解析

一、高中英语阅读理解

1．阅读理解

   Attheageofseven,whilehisfriendswerespendingpocketmoneyonthingslikecandyandtoys,JoseAdolfowasbusysavingmoneyformoreessentialpurchases.Totrytogethispeerstodothesame,theyoungsterfromArequipa,Perucameupwiththeinnovativeideaofaneco-bank,whichallowskidsofallagestogaineconomicindependence—whilealsohelpingtheenvironment.

   Establishedin2012,theBartselanaStudentBankistheworld'sfirstbankforkids.Toopenanaccount,kidshavetobringinatleast5kilogramsofsolidwaste（paperorplastic）andestablishasavingsgoal.Onceaccepted,allbank"partners"arerequiredtodeposit（存储）atleastoneadditionalkilogramofrecyclablesonamonthlybasisandmeetotherrequirements,suchasattendingfinancialeducationandenvironmentalmanagementworkshops.

   Thewastecollectedissoldtolocalrecyclingcompanies,who,thankstoJose,payahigher-than-marketrateforeverythingbroughtinbyBartselanaStudentBankmembers.Thefundsreceivedareplacedintheindividual'saccountuntilhis/hersavingsgoalisreached.Theaccountholdercanthenwithdrawhis/hermoney,orchoosetoleaveitandcontinuetogrowforabiggertarget.

   "Atthebeginning,myteachersthoughtIwascrazy,"Joserecalls."Theydidnotunderstandthatwearenotthefutureofthecountrybutitspresent.Luckily.Ihadthesupportoftheschoolprincipal."

   By2013,thebankhadover200memberswhobroughtinonetonofrecyclablewaste.Today,theeco-bank,whichnowhasthesupportofseverallocalinstitutions,hasteneducationalcenters.Theyaredesignedtoteachtheover3,000membersbothfinanceandenvironmentalmanagement.OnDecember6,2018,inresponsetothegrowingdemand,BartselanaStudentBankbeganacceptingapplicationsfromkidsallacrossPeru.

   Astheteenagersays,"Togetherwecanchangetheworld.Wejustneedanopportunity."

（1）Whatisthepurposeoftheeco-bank?

A. Toinvolvekidsinthemanagementofthelocalrecyclingcompanies.

B. Tohelpkidsgetpocketmoneytospendonthingslikecandyandtoys.

C. Toshowkidshowimportantitistolearnenvironmentalmanagement.

D. Togetkidstohelptheenvironmentandbeeconomicallyindependent.

（2）Whatdutydoesaneco-bankmemberhavetoperform?

A. Attendingfinancialeducationworkshops.    

B. Bringingin5kilosofwaste.

C. Savingonekiloofsolidwasteweekly.           

D. Establishingasavingsgoal.

（3）WhatdoestheunderlinedpartinParagraph4mean?

A. Kidsaremoreresponsiblewhengrowingup.

B. Thefutureofthecountryreliesmainlyonkids.

C. Kidscancontributetothesocietythoughyoung.

D. Thepresentisavitalperiodforkiddevelopment.

（4）WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribeJose?

A. Generous.                           

B. Crazy.                           

C. Flexible.                           

D. Influential.

【答案】

（1）D

（2）A

（3）C

（4）D

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，巴塞拉纳学生银行成立于2012年，是世界上第一家儿童银行。

为了开户，孩子们必须携带至少5公斤的固体废物（纸或塑料），并设定一个储蓄目标。

回收的垃圾被卖给当地的回收公司，多亏了Jose，这些公司为巴塞拉纳学生银行成员带来的所有东西支付高于市场的价格。

（1）考查细节理解。

根据第一段中的“theyoungsterfromArequipa,Perucameupwiththeinnovativeideaofaneco-bank,whichallowskidsofallagestogaineconomicindependence—whilealsohelpingtheenvironment.”可知eco-bank的目的是让孩子们帮助环境和变得经济独立。

故选D。

（2）考查细节理解。

根据第二段中的“Onceaccepted,allbank“partners”arerequiredtodeposit（存储）atleastoneadditionalkilogramofrecyclablesonamonthlybasisandmeetotherrequirements,suchasattendingfinancialeducationandenvironmentalmanagementworkshops.”可知所有银行的“合作伙伴”必须每月至少额外存放一公斤可回收物品，并满足其他要求，例如参加金融教育和环境管理研讨会。

故选A。

（3）考查词义猜测。

根据第四段中的“By2013,thebankhadover200memberswhobroughtinonetonofrecyclablewaste.Today,theeco-bank,whichnowhasthesupportofseverallocalinstitutions,hasteneducationalcenters.”可知到2013年，世界银行已有200多名成员，他们带来了一吨可回收垃圾。

如今，生态银行已经得到了几个当地机构的支持，拥有十个教育中心。

即可知生态银行是给社会带来了贡献的，即划线部分的意思是作为生态银行成员的孩子们虽然年轻，但是可以为社会做贡献。

故选C。

（4）考查推理判断。

根据最后一段中的“Astheteenagersays,‘Togetherwecanchangetheworld.Wejustneedanopportunity.’”可知Jose提到我们可以一起改变世界，我们只是需要一个机会。

与上文因为Jose为生态银行成员带来的东西支付高于市场的价格，而使得银行成员有了增加，并得到了当地机构和教育中心的支持，可知Jose是“有影响力的”。

故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。

2．阅读理解

   Somethingsshouldjustbecommonknowledgebynow.TheEarthisn'tflat.Nope,yourhairandnailsdon'tgrowafteryoudie.TheholesatthetopofBicbiropensaretheresothat,ifyouswallowoneaccidentally,youcanstillbreatheandwon'tchoketodeath.It'sdebatablewhetherthatlastonethereiscommonknowledgeornot.AquickGooglesearchofthefact,rewrittenasaquestion,showsarticlesaddressingthispointgoingbackseveralyears,withthelatest（re）appearingjustthisweekoveronScienceAlert.Wesupposeit'soneofthosethingsthatcomeupfromtimetotime,likewhatwouldhappenifyouattackYellowstonewithanuclearweapon（notmuch,asitturnsout）.

   IfyoujumpovertoBic'swebsite,undertheirFAQs（frequentlyaskedquestions）,itquiteclearlystates:

"ThereasonthatsomeBIC®penshaveaholeintheircapistopreventthecapfromcompletelyobstructingtheairwayifaccidentallybreathedin.ThisisrequestedbytheinternationalsafetystandardsISO11540,exceptforincaseswherethecapisconsideredtoolargetobeachokingrisk."

   That'sratherlovelyofthem.Inappreciationoftheirwanttonotkillofftheirmoreclumsycustomers,wethoughtwe'dshareafewmorerandomfactsaboutBicthatareprobablygoingtocomeupinapubquizoneday.Didyouknow,forexample,thateachBicballpointpencanproduceatleast2kilometers（1.2miles）ofinkbeforeitbeginstorunout?

Infact,in2018,7,250kilometers（4,505miles）ofwritingtestsonsuchpenswerecarriedoutonballpointpens,gelpens（中性笔）,androllerstomakesuretheyworkedtothehigheststandard.

   ThebestpartoftheBicsite,however,isthisrathercuriousfact:

"100percentofpenballsaremadethroughahighly-controlledprocess."Asopposedtoahighlyuncontrolledprocess,involvingexplosionsandbouncycastlesandtotalchaos,wesuppose.

（1）WhydoestheauthormentionthecaseofYellowstone?

A. Tolistthefacts.                                                 

B. Toprovehispoint.

C. Tocomparethetwosituations.                       

D. Toemphasizetheimportanceofsafety.

（2）Whatdoestheunderlinedword"obstructing"inparagraph2mean?

A. Block.                             

B. Open.                             

C. Transform.                             

D. Narrow.

（3）Whywerethewritingtestsonpenscarriedout?

A. Toworkouttheirlifespan.                               

B. Toassuretheirgoodquality.

C. Toprovesomerandomfacts.                          

D. Tocomparedifferentpenswitheachother.

（4）Inwhattonedoestheauthordevelopthetext?

A. Critical.                             B. Acid.                             C. Humorous.                             D. Serious.

【答案】

（1）B

（2）A

（3）B

（4）C

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，毕克笔的笔帽上有一个小孔是为了防止那些粗心的使用者不小心吞下而窒息死亡。

这真是粗心使用者的生命通道。

（1）考查推理判断。

毕克笔的笔帽上留一个小孔的原因，且这个问题会被偶尔问到，就像如果你用核武器攻击黄石公园会发生什么事这个问题一样，作者是在举例证明他的观点，故选B。

（2）考查词义猜测。

此处意为当使用者不慎把笔帽吞下时，笔帽上的小孔就是为了阻止笔帽完全阻塞气管而引起窒息，故选A。

（3）考查细节理解。

根据第三段中的"Infact,in2018,7,250kilometers（4,505miles）ofwritingtestsonsuchpenswerecarriedoutonballpointpens,gelpens（中性笔）,androllerstomakesuretheyworkedtothehigheststandard."可知，举行书写测试的目的是为了确保笔能够达到最高的标准，故选B。

（4）考查推理判断。

根据第一段中的"Somethingsshouldjustbecommonknowledgebynow.TheEarthisn'tflat.Nope,yourhairandnailsdon'tgrowafteryoudie."和第三段中的"That'sratherlovelyofthem.Inappreciationoftheirwanttonotkillofftheirmoreclumsycustomers"等作者的行文措辞可知，作者笔调轻松幽默，故选C。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇科普类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

3．阅读理解

   Doyouhaveatalentedyoungartist,photographer,ordesignerinyourlife?

It'snevertooearlytostarthelpingthemgettheirworkoutthere!

We'veroundedupthetopartcompetitionsforkidsandteensthatcanhelptheseyoungcreatorssharetheirfirstmasterpiecewiththeworld.Mostofthemaretotallyfreetoenter!

GlobalCanvasChildren'sArtCompetition

   Ages:

16andunderMediums:

drawing,painting

   OrganizedbytheDavidShepherdWildlifeFoundation,thisartcompetitionwantstoinspirethenextgenerationtobemoremindfulofhowwetakecareoftheearth.Thejudgesarelookingforartiststodiscoverthewonderfulplacesthatwildlifecallshome.

   ToyotaDreamCarArtContest

   Ages:

15andunderMediums:

drawing,painting

   Timetodesignadreamcar!

Toyotawantstogetjuniorartiststhinkingaboutwhatthefutureoftransportationmightlooklike.PrizesincludeachancetotouroneoftheToyotacarplantsandexperiencevariousaspectsofJapaneseculture.

   AdvenaWorldChildren'sArtCompetition

   Ages:

15andunderMediums:

drawing,painting,photosandotheroriginalartworks

   Thecompetitionaimstopromotecreativityandself-expression.Insteadofatheme,itaskstheparticipatingartiststosimplyexpresstheirfeelings—anythingfromsadnessorjoytoangerorexcitement—throughtheirchosenmedium.

   ProgressiveYoungArtistsAwards

   Opento:

highschoolandcollegestudentsMediums:

drawing,painting,photograph,mixedmedia,sculpture

   PYAAisallaboutexpressingandcelebratingprogressivevalues.So,ifthereisacreativeteeninyourlifewhowantstodogoodintheworld,signhimorherupforthisartcompetition.Theprizeisascholarshipthatwinnerscanputforwardstheirpost-secondaryschooling.

（1）Whichofthefollowingfavorstheenvironment?

A. AdvenaWorldChildren'sArtCompetition.    

B. Glo